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Chapter 98. Exec Component
Available as of Camel version 2.3
The exec component can be used to execute system commands.
98.1. Dependencies
Maven users need to add the following dependency to their pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.camel</groupId>
<artifactId>camel-exec</artifactId>
<version>${camel-version}</version>
</dependency>
where ${camel-version} must be replaced by the actual version of Camel (2.3.0 or higher).
98.2. URI format
exec://executable[?options]
where executable is the name, or file path, of the system command that will be executed. If executable name is used (e.g. exec:java), the executable must in the system path.
98.3. URI options
The Exec component has no options.
The Exec endpoint is configured using URI syntax:
exec:executable
with the following path and query parameters:
98.3.1. Path Parameters (1 parameters):
| Name | Description | Default | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| executable | Required Sets the executable to be executed. The executable must not be empty or null. | String |
98.3.2. Query Parameters (8 parameters):
| Name | Description | Default | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| args (producer) | The arguments may be one or many whitespace-separated tokens. | String | |
| binding (producer) | A reference to a org.apache.commons.exec.ExecBinding in the Registry. | ExecBinding | |
| commandExecutor (producer) | A reference to a org.apache.commons.exec.ExecCommandExecutor in the Registry that customizes the command execution. The default command executor utilizes the commons-exec library, which adds a shutdown hook for every executed command. | ExecCommandExecutor | |
| outFile (producer) | The name of a file, created by the executable, that should be considered as its output. If no outFile is set, the standard output (stdout) of the executable will be used instead. | String | |
| timeout (producer) | The timeout, in milliseconds, after which the executable should be terminated. If execution has not completed within the timeout, the component will send a termination request. | long | |
| useStderrOnEmptyStdout (producer) | A boolean indicating that when stdout is empty, this component will populate the Camel Message Body with stderr. This behavior is disabled (false) by default. | false | boolean |
| workingDir (producer) | The directory in which the command should be executed. If null, the working directory of the current process will be used. | String | |
| synchronous (advanced) | Sets whether synchronous processing should be strictly used, or Camel is allowed to use asynchronous processing (if supported). | false | boolean |
98.4. Message headers
The supported headers are defined in org.apache.camel.component.exec.ExecBinding.
| Name | Type | Message | Description |
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The name of the system command that will be executed. Overrides |
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Command-line arguments to pass to the executed process. The arguments are used literally - no quoting is applied. Overrides any existing |
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Camel 2.5: The arguments of the executable as a Single string where each argument is whitespace separated (see |
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The name of a file, created by the executable, that should be considered as its output. Overrides any existing |
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The timeout, in milliseconds, after which the executable should be terminated. Overrides any existing |
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The directory in which the command should be executed. Overrides any existing |
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| The value of this header is the exit value of the executable. Non-zero exit values typically indicate abnormal termination. Note that the exit value is OS-dependent. |
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The value of this header points to the standard error stream (stderr) of the executable. If no stderr is written, the value is |
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Indicates that when |
98.5. Message body
If the Exec component receives an in message body that is convertible to java.io.InputStream, it is used to feed input to the executable via its stdin. After execution, the message body is the result of the execution,- that is, an org.apache.camel.components.exec.ExecResult instance containing the stdout, stderr, exit value, and out file. This component supports the following ExecResult type converters for convenience:
| From | To |
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If an out file is specified (in the endpoint via outFile or the message headers via ExecBinding.EXEC_COMMAND_OUT_FILE), converters will return the content of the out file. If no out file is used, then this component will convert the stdout of the process to the target type. For more details, please refer to the usage examples below.
98.6. Usage examples
98.6.1. Executing word count (Linux)
The example below executes wc (word count, Linux) to count the words in file /usr/share/dict/words. The word count (output) is written to the standard output stream of wc.
from("direct:exec")
.to("exec:wc?args=--words /usr/share/dict/words")
.process(new Processor() {
public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
// By default, the body is ExecResult instance
assertIsInstanceOf(ExecResult.class, exchange.getIn().getBody());
// Use the Camel Exec String type converter to convert the ExecResult to String
// In this case, the stdout is considered as output
String wordCountOutput = exchange.getIn().getBody(String.class);
// do something with the word count
}
});98.6.2. Executing java
The example below executes java with 2 arguments: -server and -version, provided that java is in the system path.
from("direct:exec")
.to("exec:java?args=-server -version")
The example below executes java in c:\temp with 3 arguments: -server, -version and the sytem property user.name.
from("direct:exec")
.to("exec:c:/program files/jdk/bin/java?args=-server -version -Duser.name=Camel&workingDir=c:/temp")98.6.3. Executing Ant scripts
The following example executes Apache Ant (Windows only) with the build file CamelExecBuildFile.xml, provided that ant.bat is in the system path, and that CamelExecBuildFile.xml is in the current directory.
from("direct:exec")
.to("exec:ant.bat?args=-f CamelExecBuildFile.xml")
In the next example, the ant.bat command redirects its output to CamelExecOutFile.txt with -l. The file CamelExecOutFile.txt is used as the out file with outFile=CamelExecOutFile.txt. The example assumes that ant.bat is in the system path, and that CamelExecBuildFile.xml is in the current directory.
from("direct:exec")
.to("exec:ant.bat?args=-f CamelExecBuildFile.xml -l CamelExecOutFile.txt&outFile=CamelExecOutFile.txt")
.process(new Processor() {
public void process(Exchange exchange) throws Exception {
InputStream outFile = exchange.getIn().getBody(InputStream.class);
assertIsInstanceOf(InputStream.class, outFile);
// do something with the out file here
}
});98.6.4. Executing echo (Windows)
Commands such as echo and dir can be executed only with the command interpreter of the operating system. This example shows how to execute such a command - echo - in Windows.
from("direct:exec").to("exec:cmd?args=/C echo echoString")98.7. See Also
- Configuring Camel
- Component
- Endpoint
- Getting Started
