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26.2.4. Encrypting vsftpd Connections Using TLS
In order to counter the inherently insecure nature of
FTP, which transmits user names, passwords, and data without encryption by default, the vsftpd daemon can be configured to utilize the TLS protocol to authenticate connections and encrypt all transfers. Note that an FTP client that supports TLS is needed to communicate with vsftpd with TLS enabled.
Note
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is the name of an older implementation of the security protocol. The new versions are called TLS (Transport Layer Security). Only the newer versions (TLS) should be used as SSL suffers from serious security vulnerabilities. The documentation included with the vsftpd server, as well as the configuration directives used in the vsftpd.conf file, use the SSL name when referring to security-related matters, but TLS is supported and used by default when the ssl_enable directive is set to YES.
Set the
ssl_enable configuration directive in the vsftpd.conf file to YES to turn on TLS support. The default settings of other TLS-related directives that become automatically active when the ssl_enable option is enabled provide for a reasonably well-configured TLS set up. This includes, among other things, the requirement to only use the TLS v1 protocol for all connections (the use of the insecure SSL protocol versions is disabled by default) or forcing all non-anonymous logins to use TLS for sending passwords and data transfers.
Example 26.1. Configuring vsftpd to Use TLS
In this example, the configuration directives explicitly disable the older
SSL versions of the security protocol in the vsftpd.conf file:
ssl_enable=YES ssl_tlsv1=YES ssl_sslv2=NO ssl_sslv3=NO
Restart the
vsftpd service after you modify its configuration:
~]# service vsftpd restart
See the vsftpd.conf(5) manual page for other
TLS-related configuration directives for fine-tuning the use of TLS by vsftpd. Also, see Section 26.2.5, “vsftpd Configuration Options” for a description of other commonly used vsftpd.conf configuration directives.
