Chapter 11. Installing on Nutanix

Procedure

1. Set a variable for the OpenShift Container Platform release image by running the following command:

   $ RELEASE_IMAGE=$(./openshift-install version | awk '/release image/ {print $3}')

2. Obtain the CCO container image from the OpenShift Container Platform release image by running the following command:

   $ CCO_IMAGE=$(oc adm release info --image-for='cloud-credential-operator' $RELEASE_IMAGE -a ~/.pull-secret)

   Note

   Ensure that the architecture of the $RELEASE_IMAGE matches the architecture of the environment in which you will use the ccoctl tool.

3. Extract the ccoctl binary from the CCO container image within the OpenShift Container Platform release image by running the following command:

   $ oc image extract $CCO_IMAGE --file="/usr/bin/ccoctl" -a ~/.pull-secret

4. Change the permissions to make ccoctl executable by running the following command:

   $ chmod 775 ccoctl

Procedure

1. If you do not have an existing SSH key pair on your local machine to use for authentication onto your cluster nodes, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

   $ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' -f <path>/<file_name> 1

   1

   Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519, of the new SSH key. If you have an existing key pair, ensure your public key is in the your ~/.ssh directory.

   Note

   If you plan to install an OpenShift Container Platform cluster that uses the RHEL cryptographic libraries that have been submitted to NIST for FIPS 140-2/140-3 Validation on only the x86_64, ppc64le, and s390x architectures, do not create a key that uses the ed25519 algorithm. Instead, create a key that uses the rsa or ecdsa algorithm.

2. View the public SSH key:

   $ cat <path>/<file_name>.pub

   For example, run the following to view the ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub public key:

   $ cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub

3. Add the SSH private key identity to the SSH agent for your local user, if it has not already been added. SSH agent management of the key is required for password-less SSH authentication onto your cluster nodes, or if you want to use the ./openshift-install gather command.

   Note

   On some distributions, default SSH private key identities such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa and ~/.ssh/id_dsa are managed automatically.

   1. If the ssh-agent process is not already running for your local user, start it as a background task:

      $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"

      Example output

      Agent pid 31874

      Note

      If your cluster is in FIPS mode, only use FIPS-compliant algorithms to generate the SSH key. The key must be either RSA or ECDSA.

4. Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:

   $ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> 1

   1

   Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

   Example output

   Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)

Procedure

1. Access the Infrastructure Provider page on the OpenShift Cluster Manager site. If you have a Red Hat account, log in with your credentials. If you do not, create an account.
2. Select your infrastructure provider.

3. Navigate to the page for your installation type, download the installation program that corresponds with your host operating system and architecture, and place the file in the directory where you will store the installation configuration files.

   Important

   The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster. Both files are required to delete the cluster.

   Important

   Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. To remove your cluster, complete the OpenShift Container Platform uninstallation procedures for your specific cloud provider.

4. Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

   $ tar -xvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz

5. Download your installation pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

Procedure

1. From the Prism Central web console, download the Nutanix root CA certificates.
2. Extract the compressed file that contains the Nutanix root CA certificates.

3. Add the files for your operating system to the system trust. For example, on a Fedora operating system, run the following command:

   # cp certs/lin/* /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors

4. Update your system trust. For example, on a Fedora operating system, run the following command:

   # update-ca-trust extract

Procedure

1. Create the install-config.yaml file.

   1. Change to the directory that contains the installation program and run the following command:

      $ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir <installation_directory> 1

      1

      For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.

      When specifying the directory:

      • Verify that the directory has the execute permission. This permission is required to run Terraform binaries under the installation directory.
      • Use an empty directory. Some installation assets, such as bootstrap X.509 certificates, have short expiration intervals, therefore you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.

   2. At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:

      1. Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

         Note

         For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

      2. Select nutanix as the platform to target.
      3. Enter the Prism Central domain name or IP address.
      4. Enter the port that is used to log into Prism Central.

      5. Enter the credentials that are used to log into Prism Central.

         The installation program connects to Prism Central.

      6. Select the Prism Element that will manage the OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
      7. Select the network subnet to use.
      8. Enter the virtual IP address that you configured for control plane API access.
      9. Enter the virtual IP address that you configured for cluster ingress.
      10. Enter the base domain. This base domain must be the same one that you configured in the DNS records.

      11. Enter a descriptive name for your cluster.

          The cluster name you enter must match the cluster name you specified when configuring the DNS records.

2. Optional: Update one or more of the default configuration parameters in the install.config.yaml file to customize the installation.

   For more information about the parameters, see "Installation configuration parameters".

   Note

   If you are installing a three-node cluster, be sure to set the compute.replicas parameter to 0. This ensures that cluster’s control planes are schedulable. For more information, see "Installing a three-node cluster on Nutanix".

3. Back up the install-config.yaml file so that you can use it to install multiple clusters.

   Important

   The install-config.yaml file is consumed during the installation process. If you want to reuse the file, you must back it up now.

Procedure

1. Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
2. Select the architecture from the Product Variant drop-down list.
3. Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
4. Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.15 Linux Client entry and save the file.

5. Unpack the archive:

   $ tar xvf <file>

6. Place the oc binary in a directory that is on your PATH.

   To check your PATH, execute the following command:

   $ echo $PATH

Procedure

1. Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
2. Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
3. Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.15 Windows Client entry and save the file.
4. Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.

5. Move the oc binary to a directory that is on your PATH.

   To check your PATH, open the command prompt and execute the following command:

   C:\> path

Procedure

1. Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
2. Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.

3. Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.15 macOS Client entry and save the file.

   Note

   For macOS arm64, choose the OpenShift v4.15 macOS arm64 Client entry.

4. Unpack and unzip the archive.

5. Move the oc binary to a directory on your PATH.

   To check your PATH, open a terminal and execute the following command:

   $ echo $PATH

Procedure

1. Create a YAML file that contains the credentials data in the following format:

   Credentials data format

   credentials:
   - type: basic_auth 1
     data:
       prismCentral: 2
         username: <username_for_prism_central>
         password: <password_for_prism_central>
       prismElements: 3
       - name: <name_of_prism_element>
         username: <username_for_prism_element>
         password: <password_for_prism_element>

   1

   Specify the authentication type. Only basic authentication is supported.

   2

   Specify the Prism Central credentials.

   3

   Optional: Specify the Prism Element credentials.

2. Set a $RELEASE_IMAGE variable with the release image from your installation file by running the following command:

   $ RELEASE_IMAGE=$(./openshift-install version | awk '/release image/ {print $3}')

3. Extract the list of CredentialsRequest custom resources (CRs) from the OpenShift Container Platform release image by running the following command:

   $ oc adm release extract \
     --from=$RELEASE_IMAGE \
     --credentials-requests \
     --included \1
     --install-config=<path_to_directory_with_installation_configuration>/install-config.yaml \2
     --to=<path_to_directory_for_credentials_requests> 3

   1

   The --included parameter includes only the manifests that your specific cluster configuration requires.

   2

   Specify the location of the install-config.yaml file.

   3

   Specify the path to the directory where you want to store the CredentialsRequest objects. If the specified directory does not exist, this command creates it.

   Sample CredentialsRequest object

     apiVersion: cloudcredential.openshift.io/v1
     kind: CredentialsRequest
     metadata:
       annotations:
         include.release.openshift.io/self-managed-high-availability: "true"
       labels:
         controller-tools.k8s.io: "1.0"
       name: openshift-machine-api-nutanix
       namespace: openshift-cloud-credential-operator
     spec:
       providerSpec:
         apiVersion: cloudcredential.openshift.io/v1
         kind: NutanixProviderSpec
       secretRef:
         name: nutanix-credentials
         namespace: openshift-machine-api

4. Use the ccoctl tool to process all CredentialsRequest objects by running the following command:

   $ ccoctl nutanix create-shared-secrets \
     --credentials-requests-dir=<path_to_credentials_requests_directory> \1
     --output-dir=<ccoctl_output_dir> \2
     --credentials-source-filepath=<path_to_credentials_file> 3

   1

   Specify the path to the directory that contains the files for the component CredentialsRequests objects.

   2

   Optional: Specify the directory in which you want the ccoctl utility to create objects. By default, the utility creates objects in the directory in which the commands are run.

   3

   Optional: Specify the directory that contains the credentials data YAML file. By default, ccoctl expects this file to be in <home_directory>/.nutanix/credentials.

5. Edit the install-config.yaml configuration file so that the credentialsMode parameter is set to Manual.

   Example install-config.yaml configuration file

   apiVersion: v1
   baseDomain: cluster1.example.com
   credentialsMode: Manual 1
   ...

   1

   Add this line to set the credentialsMode parameter to Manual.

6. Create the installation manifests by running the following command:

   $ openshift-install create manifests --dir <installation_directory> 1

   1

   Specify the path to the directory that contains the install-config.yaml file for your cluster.

7. Copy the generated credential files to the target manifests directory by running the following command:

   $ cp <ccoctl_output_dir>/manifests/*credentials.yaml ./<installation_directory>/manifests

Procedure

1. Navigate to the manifests directory:

   $ cd <path_to_installation_directory>/manifests

2. Create the cloud-conf ConfigMap file with the name openshift-cloud-controller-manager-cloud-config.yaml and add the following information:

   apiVersion: v1
   kind: ConfigMap
   metadata:
     name: cloud-conf
     namespace: openshift-cloud-controller-manager
   data:
     cloud.conf: "{
         \"prismCentral\": {
             \"address\": \"<prism_central_FQDN/IP>\", 1
             \"port\": 9440,
               \"credentialRef\": {
                   \"kind\": \"Secret\",
                   \"name\": \"nutanix-credentials\",
                   \"namespace\": \"openshift-cloud-controller-manager\"
               }
          },
          \"topologyDiscovery\": {
              \"type\": \"Prism\",
              \"topologyCategories\": null
          },
          \"enableCustomLabeling\": true
        }"

   1

   Specify the Prism Central FQDN/IP.

3. Verify that the file cluster-infrastructure-02-config.yml exists and has the following information:

   spec:
     cloudConfig:
       key: config
       name: cloud-provider-config

Procedure

1. If you do not have an existing SSH key pair on your local machine to use for authentication onto your cluster nodes, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

   $ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' -f <path>/<file_name> 1

   1

   Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519, of the new SSH key. If you have an existing key pair, ensure your public key is in the your ~/.ssh directory.

   Note

   If you plan to install an OpenShift Container Platform cluster that uses the RHEL cryptographic libraries that have been submitted to NIST for FIPS 140-2/140-3 Validation on only the x86_64, ppc64le, and s390x architectures, do not create a key that uses the ed25519 algorithm. Instead, create a key that uses the rsa or ecdsa algorithm.

2. View the public SSH key:

   $ cat <path>/<file_name>.pub

   For example, run the following to view the ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub public key:

   $ cat ~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub

3. Add the SSH private key identity to the SSH agent for your local user, if it has not already been added. SSH agent management of the key is required for password-less SSH authentication onto your cluster nodes, or if you want to use the ./openshift-install gather command.

   Note

   On some distributions, default SSH private key identities such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa and ~/.ssh/id_dsa are managed automatically.

   1. If the ssh-agent process is not already running for your local user, start it as a background task:

      $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"

      Example output

      Agent pid 31874

      Note

      If your cluster is in FIPS mode, only use FIPS-compliant algorithms to generate the SSH key. The key must be either RSA or ECDSA.

4. Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:

   $ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> 1

   1

   Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_ed25519

   Example output

   Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)

Procedure

1. From the Prism Central web console, download the Nutanix root CA certificates.
2. Extract the compressed file that contains the Nutanix root CA certificates.

3. Add the files for your operating system to the system trust. For example, on a Fedora operating system, run the following command:

   # cp certs/lin/* /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors

4. Update your system trust. For example, on a Fedora operating system, run the following command:

   # update-ca-trust extract

Procedure

1. Change to the directory that contains the installation program and run the following command:

   $ ./openshift-install coreos print-stream-json

2. Use the output of the command to find the location of the Nutanix image, and click the link to download it.

   Example output

   "nutanix": {
     "release": "411.86.202210041459-0",
     "formats": {
       "qcow2": {
         "disk": {
           "location": "https://rhcos.mirror.openshift.com/art/storage/releases/rhcos-4.11/411.86.202210041459-0/x86_64/rhcos-411.86.202210041459-0-nutanix.x86_64.qcow2",
           "sha256": "42e227cac6f11ac37ee8a2f9528bb3665146566890577fd55f9b950949e5a54b"

3. Make the image available through an internal HTTP server or Nutanix Objects.
4. Note the location of the downloaded image. You update the platform section in the installation configuration file (install-config.yaml) with the image’s location before deploying the cluster.

Procedure

1. Create the install-config.yaml file.

   1. Change to the directory that contains the installation program and run the following command:

      $ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir <installation_directory> 1

      1

      For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.

      When specifying the directory:

      • Verify that the directory has the execute permission. This permission is required to run Terraform binaries under the installation directory.
      • Use an empty directory. Some installation assets, such as bootstrap X.509 certificates, have short expiration intervals, therefore you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.

   2. At the prompts, provide the configuration details for your cloud:

      1. Optional: Select an SSH key to use to access your cluster machines.

         Note

         For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, specify an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

      2. Select nutanix as the platform to target.
      3. Enter the Prism Central domain name or IP address.
      4. Enter the port that is used to log into Prism Central.

      5. Enter the credentials that are used to log into Prism Central.

         The installation program connects to Prism Central.

      6. Select the Prism Element that will manage the OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
      7. Select the network subnet to use.
      8. Enter the virtual IP address that you configured for control plane API access.
      9. Enter the virtual IP address that you configured for cluster ingress.
      10. Enter the base domain. This base domain must be the same one that you configured in the DNS records.

      11. Enter a descriptive name for your cluster.

          The cluster name you enter must match the cluster name you specified when configuring the DNS records.

2. In the install-config.yaml file, set the value of platform.nutanix.clusterOSImage to the image location or name. For example:

   platform:
     nutanix:
         clusterOSImage: http://mirror.example.com/images/rhcos-47.83.202103221318-0-nutanix.x86_64.qcow2

3. Edit the install-config.yaml file to give the additional information that is required for an installation in a restricted network.

   1. Update the pullSecret value to contain the authentication information for your registry:

      pullSecret: '{"auths":{"<mirror_host_name>:5000": {"auth": "<credentials>","email": "you@example.com"}}}'

      For <mirror_host_name>, specify the registry domain name that you specified in the certificate for your mirror registry, and for <credentials>, specify the base64-encoded user name and password for your mirror registry.

   2. Add the additionalTrustBundle parameter and value.

      additionalTrustBundle: |
        -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
        ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ
        -----END CERTIFICATE-----

      The value must be the contents of the certificate file that you used for your mirror registry. The certificate file can be an existing, trusted certificate authority, or the self-signed certificate that you generated for the mirror registry.

   3. Add the image content resources, which resemble the following YAML excerpt:

      imageContentSources:
      - mirrors:
        - <mirror_host_name>:5000/<repo_name>/release
        source: quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release
      - mirrors:
        - <mirror_host_name>:5000/<repo_name>/release
        source: registry.redhat.io/ocp/release

      For these values, use the imageContentSourcePolicy.yaml file that was created when you mirrored the registry.

   4. Optional: Set the publishing strategy to Internal:

      publish: Internal

      By setting this option, you create an internal Ingress Controller and a private load balancer.

4. Optional: Update one or more of the default configuration parameters in the install.config.yaml file to customize the installation.

   For more information about the parameters, see "Installation configuration parameters".

   Note

   If you are installing a three-node cluster, be sure to set the compute.replicas parameter to 0. This ensures that cluster’s control planes are schedulable. For more information, see "Installing a three-node cluster on {platform}".

5. Back up the install-config.yaml file so that you can use it to install multiple clusters.

   Important

   The install-config.yaml file is consumed during the installation process. If you want to reuse the file, you must back it up now.

Procedure

1. Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
2. Select the architecture from the Product Variant drop-down list.
3. Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
4. Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.15 Linux Client entry and save the file.

5. Unpack the archive:

   $ tar xvf <file>

6. Place the oc binary in a directory that is on your PATH.

   To check your PATH, execute the following command:

   $ echo $PATH

Procedure

1. Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
2. Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
3. Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.15 Windows Client entry and save the file.
4. Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.

5. Move the oc binary to a directory that is on your PATH.

   To check your PATH, open the command prompt and execute the following command:

   C:\> path

Procedure

1. Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
2. Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.

3. Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.15 macOS Client entry and save the file.

   Note

   For macOS arm64, choose the OpenShift v4.15 macOS arm64 Client entry.

4. Unpack and unzip the archive.

5. Move the oc binary to a directory on your PATH.

   To check your PATH, open a terminal and execute the following command:

   $ echo $PATH

Procedure

1. Create a YAML file that contains the credentials data in the following format:

   Credentials data format

   credentials:
   - type: basic_auth 1
     data:
       prismCentral: 2
         username: <username_for_prism_central>
         password: <password_for_prism_central>
       prismElements: 3
       - name: <name_of_prism_element>
         username: <username_for_prism_element>
         password: <password_for_prism_element>

   1

   Specify the authentication type. Only basic authentication is supported.

   2

   Specify the Prism Central credentials.

   3

   Optional: Specify the Prism Element credentials.

2. Set a $RELEASE_IMAGE variable with the release image from your installation file by running the following command:

   $ RELEASE_IMAGE=$(./openshift-install version | awk '/release image/ {print $3}')

3. Extract the list of CredentialsRequest custom resources (CRs) from the OpenShift Container Platform release image by running the following command:

   $ oc adm release extract \
     --from=$RELEASE_IMAGE \
     --credentials-requests \
     --included \1
     --install-config=<path_to_directory_with_installation_configuration>/install-config.yaml \2
     --to=<path_to_directory_for_credentials_requests> 3

   1

   The --included parameter includes only the manifests that your specific cluster configuration requires.

   2

   Specify the location of the install-config.yaml file.

   3

   Specify the path to the directory where you want to store the CredentialsRequest objects. If the specified directory does not exist, this command creates it.

   Sample CredentialsRequest object

     apiVersion: cloudcredential.openshift.io/v1
     kind: CredentialsRequest
     metadata:
       annotations:
         include.release.openshift.io/self-managed-high-availability: "true"
       labels:
         controller-tools.k8s.io: "1.0"
       name: openshift-machine-api-nutanix
       namespace: openshift-cloud-credential-operator
     spec:
       providerSpec:
         apiVersion: cloudcredential.openshift.io/v1
         kind: NutanixProviderSpec
       secretRef:
         name: nutanix-credentials
         namespace: openshift-machine-api

4. Use the ccoctl tool to process all CredentialsRequest objects by running the following command:

   $ ccoctl nutanix create-shared-secrets \
     --credentials-requests-dir=<path_to_credentials_requests_directory> \1
     --output-dir=<ccoctl_output_dir> \2
     --credentials-source-filepath=<path_to_credentials_file> 3

   1

   Specify the path to the directory that contains the files for the component CredentialsRequests objects.

   2

   Optional: Specify the directory in which you want the ccoctl utility to create objects. By default, the utility creates objects in the directory in which the commands are run.

   3

   Optional: Specify the directory that contains the credentials data YAML file. By default, ccoctl expects this file to be in <home_directory>/.nutanix/credentials.

5. Edit the install-config.yaml configuration file so that the credentialsMode parameter is set to Manual.

   Example install-config.yaml configuration file

   apiVersion: v1
   baseDomain: cluster1.example.com
   credentialsMode: Manual 1
   ...

   1

   Add this line to set the credentialsMode parameter to Manual.

6. Create the installation manifests by running the following command:

   $ openshift-install create manifests --dir <installation_directory> 1

   1

   Specify the path to the directory that contains the install-config.yaml file for your cluster.

7. Copy the generated credential files to the target manifests directory by running the following command:

   $ cp <ccoctl_output_dir>/manifests/*credentials.yaml ./<installation_directory>/manifests

Procedure

1. From the directory that contains the installation program on the computer that you used to install the cluster, run the following command:

   $ ./openshift-install destroy cluster \
   --dir <installation_directory> --log-level info 1 2

   1

   For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.

   2

   To view different details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.

   Note

   You must specify the directory that contains the cluster definition files for your cluster. The installation program requires the metadata.json file in this directory to delete the cluster.

2. Optional: Delete the <installation_directory> directory and the OpenShift Container Platform installation program.