Disconnected environments
Managing OpenShift Container Platform clusters in a disconnected environment
Abstract
Chapter 1. About disconnected environments
A disconnected environment is an environment that does not have full access to the internet.
OpenShift Container Platform is designed to perform many automatic functions that depend on an internet connection, such as retrieving release images from a registry or retrieving update paths and recommendations for the cluster. Without a direct internet connection, you must perform additional setup and configuration for your cluster to maintain full functionality in the disconnected environment.
1.1. Glossary of disconnected environment terms
Although it is used throughout the OpenShift Container Platform documentation, disconnected environment is a broad term that can refer to environments with various levels of internet connectivity. Other terms are sometimes used to refer to a specific level of internet connectivity, and these environments might require additional unique configurations.
The following table describes the different terms used to refer to environments without a full internet connection:
Term | Description |
---|---|
Air-gapped network | An environment or network that is completely isolated from an external network. This isolation depends on a physical separation, or an "air gap", between machines on the internal network and any other part of an external network. Air-gapped environments are often used in industries with strict security or regulatory requirements. |
Disconnected environment | An environment or network that has some level of isolation from an external network. This isolation could be enabled by physical or logical separation between machines on the internal network and an external network. Regardless of the level of isolation from the external network, a cluster in a disconnected environment does not have access to public services hosted by Red Hat and requires additional setup to maintain full cluster functionality. |
Restricted Network | An environment or network with limited connection to an external network. A physical connection may exist between machines on the internal network and an external network, but network traffic is limited by additional configurations, such as with firewalls and proxies. |
1.2. Preferred methods for working with disconnected environments
You can choose between multiple options for most aspects of managing a cluster in a disconnected environment. For example, when mirroring images you can choose between using the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI (oc
) plugin or using the oc adm
command.
However, some options provide a simpler and more convenient user experience for disconnected environments, and are the preferred method over their alternatives.
Unless your organizational needs require you to choose another option, use the following methods for mirroring images, installing your cluster, and updating your cluster:
- Mirror your images using the oc-mirror plugin.
- Install your cluster using the Agent-based Installer.
- Update your cluster using a local OpenShift Update Service instance.
Chapter 2. Converting a connected cluster to a disconnected cluster
There might be some scenarios where you need to convert your OpenShift Container Platform cluster from a connected cluster to a disconnected cluster.
A disconnected cluster, also known as a restricted cluster, does not have an active connection to the internet. As such, you must mirror the contents of your registries and installation media. You can create this mirror registry on a host that can access both the internet and your closed network, or copy images to a device that you can move across network boundaries.
This topic describes the general process for converting an existing, connected cluster into a disconnected cluster.
2.1. About the mirror registry
You can mirror the images that are required for OpenShift Container Platform installation and subsequent product updates to a container mirror registry such as Red Hat Quay, JFrog Artifactory, Sonatype Nexus Repository, or Harbor. If you do not have access to a large-scale container registry, you can use the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, a small-scale container registry included with OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions.
You can use any container registry that supports Docker v2-2, such as Red Hat Quay, the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, Artifactory, Sonatype Nexus Repository, or Harbor. Regardless of your chosen registry, the procedure to mirror content from Red Hat hosted sites on the internet to an isolated image registry is the same. After you mirror the content, you configure each cluster to retrieve this content from your mirror registry.
The OpenShift image registry cannot be used as the target registry because it does not support pushing without a tag, which is required during the mirroring process.
If choosing a container registry that is not the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, it must be reachable by every machine in the clusters that you provision. If the registry is unreachable, installation, updating, or normal operations such as workload relocation might fail. For that reason, you must run mirror registries in a highly available way, and the mirror registries must at least match the production availability of your OpenShift Container Platform clusters.
When you populate your mirror registry with OpenShift Container Platform images, you can follow two scenarios. If you have a host that can access both the internet and your mirror registry, but not your cluster nodes, you can directly mirror the content from that machine. This process is referred to as connected mirroring. If you have no such host, you must mirror the images to a file system and then bring that host or removable media into your restricted environment. This process is referred to as disconnected mirroring.
For mirrored registries, to view the source of pulled images, you must review the Trying to access
log entry in the CRI-O logs. Other methods to view the image pull source, such as using the crictl images
command on a node, show the non-mirrored image name, even though the image is pulled from the mirrored location.
Red Hat does not test third party registries with OpenShift Container Platform.
2.2. Prerequisites
-
The
oc
client is installed. - A running cluster.
An installed mirror registry, which is a container image registry that supports Docker v2-2 in the location that will host the OpenShift Container Platform cluster, such as one of the following registries:
If you have a subscription to Red Hat Quay, see the documentation on deploying Red Hat Quay for proof-of-concept purposes or by using the Quay Operator.
- The mirror repository must be configured to share images. For example, a Red Hat Quay repository requires Organizations in order to share images.
- Access to the internet to obtain the necessary container images.
2.3. Preparing the cluster for mirroring
Before disconnecting your cluster, you must mirror, or copy, the images to a mirror registry that is reachable by every node in your disconnected cluster. In order to mirror the images, you must prepare your cluster by:
- Adding the mirror registry certificates to the list of trusted CAs on your host.
-
Creating a
.dockerconfigjson
file that contains your image pull secret, which is from thecloud.openshift.com
token.
Procedure
Configuring credentials that allow image mirroring:
Add the CA certificate for the mirror registry, in the simple PEM or DER file formats, to the list of trusted CAs. For example:
$ cp </path/to/cert.crt> /usr/share/pki/ca-trust-source/anchors/
- where,
</path/to/cert.crt>
- Specifies the path to the certificate on your local file system.
- where,
Update the CA trust. For example, in Linux:
$ update-ca-trust
Extract the
.dockerconfigjson
file from the global pull secret:$ oc extract secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --confirm --to=.
Example output
.dockerconfigjson
Edit the
.dockerconfigjson
file to add your mirror registry and authentication credentials and save it as a new file:{"auths":{"<local_registry>": {"auth": "<credentials>","email": "you@example.com"}}},"<registry>:<port>/<namespace>/":{"auth":"<token>"}}}
where:
<local_registry>
- Specifies the registry domain name, and optionally the port, that your mirror registry uses to serve content.
auth
- Specifies the base64-encoded user name and password for your mirror registry.
<registry>:<port>/<namespace>
- Specifies the mirror registry details.
<token>
Specifies the base64-encoded
username:password
for your mirror registry.For example:
$ {"auths":{"cloud.openshift.com":{"auth":"b3BlbnNoaWZ0Y3UjhGOVZPT0lOMEFaUjdPUzRGTA==","email":"user@example.com"}, "quay.io":{"auth":"b3BlbnNoaWZ0LXJlbGVhc2UtZGOVZPT0lOMEFaUGSTd4VGVGVUjdPUzRGTA==","email":"user@example.com"}, "registry.connect.redhat.com"{"auth":"NTE3MTMwNDB8dWhjLTFEZlN3VHkxOSTd4VGVGVU1MdTpleUpoYkdjaUailA==","email":"user@example.com"}, "registry.redhat.io":{"auth":"NTE3MTMwNDB8dWhjLTFEZlN3VH3BGSTd4VGVGVU1MdTpleUpoYkdjaU9fZw==","email":"user@example.com"}, "registry.svc.ci.openshift.org":{"auth":"dXNlcjpyWjAwWVFjSEJiT2RKVW1pSmg4dW92dGp1SXRxQ3RGN1pwajJhN1ZXeTRV"},"my-registry:5000/my-namespace/":{"auth":"dXNlcm5hbWU6cGFzc3dvcmQ="}}}
2.4. Mirroring the images
After the cluster is properly configured, you can mirror the images from your external repositories to the mirror repository.
Procedure
Mirror the Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) images:
$ oc adm catalog mirror registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v{product-version} <mirror_registry>:<port>/olm -a <reg_creds>
where:
product-version
-
Specifies the tag that corresponds to the version of OpenShift Container Platform to install, such as
4.8
. mirror_registry
-
Specifies the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) for the target registry and namespace to mirror the Operator content to, where
<namespace>
is any existing namespace on the registry. reg_creds
-
Specifies the location of your modified
.dockerconfigjson
file.
For example:
$ oc adm catalog mirror registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.8 mirror.registry.com:443/olm -a ./.dockerconfigjson --index-filter-by-os='.*'
Mirror the content for any other Red Hat-provided Operator:
$ oc adm catalog mirror <index_image> <mirror_registry>:<port>/<namespace> -a <reg_creds>
where:
index_image
- Specifies the index image for the catalog that you want to mirror.
mirror_registry
-
Specifies the FQDN for the target registry and namespace to mirror the Operator content to, where
<namespace>
is any existing namespace on the registry. reg_creds
- Optional: Specifies the location of your registry credentials file, if required.
For example:
$ oc adm catalog mirror registry.redhat.io/redhat/community-operator-index:v4.8 mirror.registry.com:443/olm -a ./.dockerconfigjson --index-filter-by-os='.*'
Mirror the OpenShift Container Platform image repository:
$ oc adm release mirror -a .dockerconfigjson --from=quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release:v<product-version>-<architecture> --to=<local_registry>/<local_repository> --to-release-image=<local_registry>/<local_repository>:v<product-version>-<architecture>
where:
product-version
-
Specifies the tag that corresponds to the version of OpenShift Container Platform to install, such as
4.8.15-x86_64
. architecture
-
Specifies the type of architecture for your server, such as
x86_64
. local_registry
- Specifies the registry domain name for your mirror repository.
local_repository
-
Specifies the name of the repository to create in your registry, such as
ocp4/openshift4
.
For example:
$ oc adm release mirror -a .dockerconfigjson --from=quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release:4.8.15-x86_64 --to=mirror.registry.com:443/ocp/release --to-release-image=mirror.registry.com:443/ocp/release:4.8.15-x86_64
Example output
info: Mirroring 109 images to mirror.registry.com/ocp/release ... mirror.registry.com:443/ ocp/release manifests: sha256:086224cadce475029065a0efc5244923f43fb9bb3bb47637e0aaf1f32b9cad47 -> 4.8.15-x86_64-thanos sha256:0a214f12737cb1cfbec473cc301aa2c289d4837224c9603e99d1e90fc00328db -> 4.8.15-x86_64-kuryr-controller sha256:0cf5fd36ac4b95f9de506623b902118a90ff17a07b663aad5d57c425ca44038c -> 4.8.15-x86_64-pod sha256:0d1c356c26d6e5945a488ab2b050b75a8b838fc948a75c0fa13a9084974680cb -> 4.8.15-x86_64-kube-client-agent ….. sha256:66e37d2532607e6c91eedf23b9600b4db904ce68e92b43c43d5b417ca6c8e63c mirror.registry.com:443/ocp/release:4.5.41-multus-admission-controller sha256:d36efdbf8d5b2cbc4dcdbd64297107d88a31ef6b0ec4a39695915c10db4973f1 mirror.registry.com:443/ocp/release:4.5.41-cluster-kube-scheduler-operator sha256:bd1baa5c8239b23ecdf76819ddb63cd1cd6091119fecdbf1a0db1fb3760321a2 mirror.registry.com:443/ocp/release:4.5.41-aws-machine-controllers info: Mirroring completed in 2.02s (0B/s) Success Update image: mirror.registry.com:443/ocp/release:4.5.41-x86_64 Mirror prefix: mirror.registry.com:443/ocp/release
Mirror any other registries, as needed:
$ oc image mirror <online_registry>/my/image:latest <mirror_registry>
Additional resources
- For more information about mirroring Operator catalogs, see Mirroring an Operator catalog.
-
For more information about the
oc adm catalog mirror
command, see the OpenShift CLI administrator command reference.
2.5. Configuring the cluster for the mirror registry
After creating and mirroring the images to the mirror registry, you must modify your cluster so that pods can pull images from the mirror registry.
You must:
- Add the mirror registry credentials to the global pull secret.
- Add the mirror registry server certificate to the cluster.
Create an
ImageContentSourcePolicy
custom resource (ICSP), which associates the mirror registry with the source registry.Add mirror registry credential to the cluster global pull-secret:
$ oc set data secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --from-file=.dockerconfigjson=<pull_secret_location> 1
- 1
- Provide the path to the new pull secret file.
For example:
$ oc set data secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --from-file=.dockerconfigjson=.mirrorsecretconfigjson
Add the CA-signed mirror registry server certificate to the nodes in the cluster:
Create a config map that includes the server certificate for the mirror registry
$ oc create configmap <config_map_name> --from-file=<mirror_address_host>..<port>=$path/ca.crt -n openshift-config
For example:
S oc create configmap registry-config --from-file=mirror.registry.com..443=/root/certs/ca-chain.cert.pem -n openshift-config
Use the config map to update the
image.config.openshift.io/cluster
custom resource (CR). OpenShift Container Platform applies the changes to this CR to all nodes in the cluster:$ oc patch image.config.openshift.io/cluster --patch '{"spec":{"additionalTrustedCA":{"name":"<config_map_name>"}}}' --type=merge
For example:
$ oc patch image.config.openshift.io/cluster --patch '{"spec":{"additionalTrustedCA":{"name":"registry-config"}}}' --type=merge
Create an ICSP to redirect container pull requests from the online registries to the mirror registry:
Create the
ImageContentSourcePolicy
custom resource:apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1alpha1 kind: ImageContentSourcePolicy metadata: name: mirror-ocp spec: repositoryDigestMirrors: - mirrors: - mirror.registry.com:443/ocp/release 1 source: quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release 2 - mirrors: - mirror.registry.com:443/ocp/release source: quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-v4.0-art-dev
Create the ICSP object:
$ oc create -f registryrepomirror.yaml
Example output
imagecontentsourcepolicy.operator.openshift.io/mirror-ocp created
OpenShift Container Platform applies the changes to this CR to all nodes in the cluster.
Verify that the credentials, CA, and ICSP for mirror registry were added:
Log into a node:
$ oc debug node/<node_name>
Set
/host
as the root directory within the debug shell:sh-4.4# chroot /host
Check the
config.json
file for the credentials:sh-4.4# cat /var/lib/kubelet/config.json
Example output
{"auths":{"brew.registry.redhat.io":{"xx=="},"brewregistry.stage.redhat.io":{"auth":"xxx=="},"mirror.registry.com:443":{"auth":"xx="}}} 1
- 1
- Ensure that the mirror registry and credentials are present.
Change to the
certs.d
directorysh-4.4# cd /etc/docker/certs.d/
List the certificates in the
certs.d
directory:sh-4.4# ls
Example output
image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc.cluster.local:5000 image-registry.openshift-image-registry.svc:5000 mirror.registry.com:443 1
- 1
- Ensure that the mirror registry is in the list.
Check that the ICSP added the mirror registry to the
registries.conf
file:sh-4.4# cat /etc/containers/registries.conf
Example output
unqualified-search-registries = ["registry.access.redhat.com", "docker.io"] [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-release" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "mirror.registry.com:443/ocp/release" [[registry]] prefix = "" location = "quay.io/openshift-release-dev/ocp-v4.0-art-dev" mirror-by-digest-only = true [[registry.mirror]] location = "mirror.registry.com:443/ocp/release"
The
registry.mirror
parameters indicate that the mirror registry is searched before the original registry.Exit the node.
sh-4.4# exit
2.6. Ensure applications continue to work
Before disconnecting the cluster from the network, ensure that your cluster is working as expected and all of your applications are working as expected.
Procedure
Use the following commands to check the status of your cluster:
Ensure your pods are running:
$ oc get pods --all-namespaces
Example output
NAMESPACE NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE kube-system apiserver-watcher-ci-ln-47ltxtb-f76d1-mrffg-master-0 1/1 Running 0 39m kube-system apiserver-watcher-ci-ln-47ltxtb-f76d1-mrffg-master-1 1/1 Running 0 39m kube-system apiserver-watcher-ci-ln-47ltxtb-f76d1-mrffg-master-2 1/1 Running 0 39m openshift-apiserver-operator openshift-apiserver-operator-79c7c646fd-5rvr5 1/1 Running 3 45m openshift-apiserver apiserver-b944c4645-q694g 2/2 Running 0 29m openshift-apiserver apiserver-b944c4645-shdxb 2/2 Running 0 31m openshift-apiserver apiserver-b944c4645-x7rf2 2/2 Running 0 33m ...
Ensure your nodes are in the READY status:
$ oc get nodes
Example output
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION ci-ln-47ltxtb-f76d1-mrffg-master-0 Ready master 42m v1.30.3 ci-ln-47ltxtb-f76d1-mrffg-master-1 Ready master 42m v1.30.3 ci-ln-47ltxtb-f76d1-mrffg-master-2 Ready master 42m v1.30.3 ci-ln-47ltxtb-f76d1-mrffg-worker-a-gsxbz Ready worker 35m v1.30.3 ci-ln-47ltxtb-f76d1-mrffg-worker-b-5qqdx Ready worker 35m v1.30.3 ci-ln-47ltxtb-f76d1-mrffg-worker-c-rjkpq Ready worker 34m v1.30.3
2.7. Disconnect the cluster from the network
After mirroring all the required repositories and configuring your cluster to work as a disconnected cluster, you can disconnect the cluster from the network.
The Insights Operator is degraded when the cluster loses its Internet connection. You can avoid this problem by temporarily disabling the Insights Operator until you can restore it.
2.8. Restoring a degraded Insights Operator
Disconnecting the cluster from the network necessarily causes the cluster to lose the Internet connection. The Insights Operator becomes degraded because it requires access to Red Hat Insights.
This topic describes how to recover from a degraded Insights Operator.
Procedure
Edit your
.dockerconfigjson
file to remove thecloud.openshift.com
entry, for example:"cloud.openshift.com":{"auth":"<hash>","email":"user@example.com"}
- Save the file.
Update the cluster secret with the edited
.dockerconfigjson
file:$ oc set data secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --from-file=.dockerconfigjson=./.dockerconfigjson
Verify that the Insights Operator is no longer degraded:
$ oc get co insights
Example output
NAME VERSION AVAILABLE PROGRESSING DEGRADED SINCE insights 4.5.41 True False False 3d
2.9. Restoring the network
If you want to reconnect a disconnected cluster and pull images from online registries, delete the cluster’s ImageContentSourcePolicy (ICSP) objects. Without the ICSP, pull requests to external registries are no longer redirected to the mirror registry.
Procedure
View the ICSP objects in your cluster:
$ oc get imagecontentsourcepolicy
Example output
NAME AGE mirror-ocp 6d20h ocp4-index-0 6d18h qe45-index-0 6d15h
Delete all the ICSP objects you created when disconnecting your cluster:
$ oc delete imagecontentsourcepolicy <icsp_name> <icsp_name> <icsp_name>
For example:
$ oc delete imagecontentsourcepolicy mirror-ocp ocp4-index-0 qe45-index-0
Example output
imagecontentsourcepolicy.operator.openshift.io "mirror-ocp" deleted imagecontentsourcepolicy.operator.openshift.io "ocp4-index-0" deleted imagecontentsourcepolicy.operator.openshift.io "qe45-index-0" deleted
Wait for all the nodes to restart and return to the READY status and verify that the
registries.conf
file is pointing to the original registries and not the mirror registries:Log into a node:
$ oc debug node/<node_name>
Set
/host
as the root directory within the debug shell:sh-4.4# chroot /host
Examine the
registries.conf
file:sh-4.4# cat /etc/containers/registries.conf
Example output
unqualified-search-registries = ["registry.access.redhat.com", "docker.io"] 1
- 1
- The
registry
andregistry.mirror
entries created by the ICSPs you deleted are removed.
Chapter 3. Mirroring in disconnected environments
3.1. About disconnected installation mirroring
You can use a mirror registry to ensure that your clusters only use container images that satisfy your organizational controls on external content. Before you install a cluster on infrastructure that you provision in a restricted network, you must mirror the required container images into that environment. To mirror container images, you must have a registry for mirroring.
3.1.1. Creating a mirror registry
If you already have a container image registry, such as Red Hat Quay, you can use it as your mirror registry. If you do not already have a registry, you can create a mirror registry using the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift.
3.1.2. Mirroring images for a disconnected installation
You can use one of the following procedures to mirror your OpenShift Container Platform image repository to your mirror registry:
3.2. Creating a mirror registry with mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift
The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is a small and streamlined container registry that you can use as a target for mirroring the required container images of OpenShift Container Platform for disconnected installations.
If you already have a container image registry, such as Red Hat Quay, you can skip this section and go straight to Mirroring the OpenShift Container Platform image repository.
3.2.1. Prerequisites
- An OpenShift Container Platform subscription.
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) 8 and 9 with Podman 3.4.2 or later and OpenSSL installed.
- Fully qualified domain name for the Red Hat Quay service, which must resolve through a DNS server.
- Key-based SSH connectivity on the target host. SSH keys are automatically generated for local installs. For remote hosts, you must generate your own SSH keys.
- 2 or more vCPUs.
- 8 GB of RAM.
About 12 GB for OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 release images, or about 358 GB for OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 release images and OpenShift Container Platform 4.17 Red Hat Operator images. Up to 1 TB per stream or more is suggested.
ImportantThese requirements are based on local testing results with only release images and Operator images. Storage requirements can vary based on your organization’s needs. You might require more space, for example, when you mirror multiple z-streams. You can use standard Red Hat Quay functionality or the proper API callout to remove unnecessary images and free up space.
3.2.2. Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift introduction
For disconnected deployments of OpenShift Container Platform, a container registry is required to carry out the installation of the clusters. To run a production-grade registry service on such a cluster, you must create a separate registry deployment to install the first cluster. The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift addresses this need and is included in every OpenShift subscription. It is available for download on the OpenShift console Downloads page.
The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift allows users to install a small-scale version of Red Hat Quay and its required components using the mirror-registry
command line interface (CLI) tool. The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is deployed automatically with preconfigured local storage and a local database. It also includes auto-generated user credentials and access permissions with a single set of inputs and no additional configuration choices to get started.
The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift provides a pre-determined network configuration and reports deployed component credentials and access URLs upon success. A limited set of optional configuration inputs like fully qualified domain name (FQDN) services, superuser name and password, and custom TLS certificates are also provided. This provides users with a container registry so that they can easily create an offline mirror of all OpenShift Container Platform release content when running OpenShift Container Platform in restricted network environments.
Use of the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is optional if another container registry is already available in the install environment.
3.2.2.1. Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift limitations
The following limitations apply to the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift:
- The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is not a highly-available registry and only local file system storage is supported. It is not intended to replace Red Hat Quay or the internal image registry for OpenShift Container Platform.
- The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is not intended to be a substitute for a production deployment of Red Hat Quay.
The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is only supported for hosting images that are required to install a disconnected OpenShift Container Platform cluster, such as Release images or Red Hat Operator images. It uses local storage on your Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) machine, and storage supported by RHEL is supported by the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift.
NoteBecause the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift uses local storage, you should remain aware of the storage usage consumed when mirroring images and use Red Hat Quay’s garbage collection feature to mitigate potential issues. For more information about this feature, see "Red Hat Quay garbage collection".
- Support for Red Hat product images that are pushed to the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift for bootstrapping purposes are covered by valid subscriptions for each respective product. A list of exceptions to further enable the bootstrap experience can be found on the Self-managed Red Hat OpenShift sizing and subscription guide.
- Content built by customers should not be hosted by the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift.
- Using the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift with more than one cluster is discouraged because multiple clusters can create a single point of failure when updating your cluster fleet. It is advised to leverage the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift to install a cluster that can host a production-grade, highly-available registry such as Red Hat Quay, which can serve OpenShift Container Platform content to other clusters.
3.2.3. Mirroring on a local host with mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift
This procedure explains how to install the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift on a local host using the mirror-registry
installer tool. By doing so, users can create a local host registry running on port 443 for the purpose of storing a mirror of OpenShift Container Platform images.
Installing the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift using the mirror-registry
CLI tool makes several changes to your machine. After installation, a $HOME/quay-install
directory is created, which has installation files, local storage, and the configuration bundle. Trusted SSH keys are generated in case the deployment target is the local host, and systemd files on the host machine are set up to ensure that container runtimes are persistent. Additionally, an initial user named init
is created with an automatically generated password. All access credentials are printed at the end of the install routine.
Procedure
-
Download the
mirror-registry.tar.gz
package for the latest version of the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift found on the OpenShift console Downloads page. Install the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift on your local host with your current user account by using the
mirror-registry
tool. For a full list of available flags, see "mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift flags".$ ./mirror-registry install \ --quayHostname <host_example_com> \ --quayRoot <example_directory_name>
Use the user name and password generated during installation to log into the registry by running the following command:
$ podman login -u init \ -p <password> \ <host_example_com>:8443> \ --tls-verify=false 1
- 1
- You can avoid running
--tls-verify=false
by configuring your system to trust the generated rootCA certificates. See "Using SSL to protect connections to Red Hat Quay" and "Configuring the system to trust the certificate authority" for more information.
NoteYou can also log in by accessing the UI at
https://<host.example.com>:8443
after installation.You can mirror OpenShift Container Platform images after logging in. Depending on your needs, see either the "Mirroring the OpenShift Container Platform image repository" or the "Mirroring Operator catalogs for use with disconnected clusters" sections of this document.
NoteIf there are issues with images stored by the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift due to storage layer problems, you can remirror the OpenShift Container Platform images, or reinstall mirror registry on more stable storage.
3.2.4. Updating mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift from a local host
This procedure explains how to update the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift from a local host using the upgrade
command. Updating to the latest version ensures new features, bug fixes, and security vulnerability fixes.
When upgrading from version 1 to version 2, be aware of the following constraints:
-
The worker count is set to
1
because multiple writes are not allowed in SQLite. - You must not use the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift user interface (UP).
-
Do not access the
sqlite-storage
Podman volume during the upgrade. - There is intermittent downtime of your mirror registry because it is restarted during the upgrade process.
-
PostgreSQL data is backed up under the
/$HOME/quay-instal/quay-postgres-backup/
directory for recovery.
Prerequisites
- You have installed the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift on a local host.
Procedure
If you are upgrading the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift from 1.3 → 2.y, and your installation directory is the default at
/etc/quay-install
, you can enter the following command:$ sudo ./mirror-registry upgrade -v
Note-
mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift migrates Podman volumes for Quay storage, Postgres data, and
/etc/quay-install
data to the new$HOME/quay-install
location. This allows you to use mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift without the--quayRoot
flag during future upgrades. -
Users who upgrade mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift with the
./mirror-registry upgrade -v
flag must include the same credentials used when creating their mirror registry. For example, if you installed the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift with--quayHostname <host_example_com>
and--quayRoot <example_directory_name>
, you must include that string to properly upgrade the mirror registry.
-
mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift migrates Podman volumes for Quay storage, Postgres data, and
If you are upgrading the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift from 1.3 → 2.y and you used a custom quay configuration and storage directory in your 1.y deployment, you must pass in the
--quayRoot
and--quayStorage
flags. For example:$ sudo ./mirror-registry upgrade --quayHostname <host_example_com> --quayRoot <example_directory_name> --quayStorage <example_directory_name>/quay-storage -v
If you are upgrading the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift from 1.3 → 2.y and want to specify a custom SQLite storage path, you must pass in the
--sqliteStorage
flag, for example:$ sudo ./mirror-registry upgrade --sqliteStorage <example_directory_name>/sqlite-storage -v
3.2.5. Mirroring on a remote host with mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift
This procedure explains how to install the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift on a remote host using the mirror-registry
tool. By doing so, users can create a registry to hold a mirror of OpenShift Container Platform images.
Installing the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift using the mirror-registry
CLI tool makes several changes to your machine. After installation, a $HOME/quay-install
directory is created, which has installation files, local storage, and the configuration bundle. Trusted SSH keys are generated in case the deployment target is the local host, and systemd files on the host machine are set up to ensure that container runtimes are persistent. Additionally, an initial user named init
is created with an automatically generated password. All access credentials are printed at the end of the install routine.
Procedure
-
Download the
mirror-registry.tar.gz
package for the latest version of the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift found on the OpenShift console Downloads page. Install the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift on your local host with your current user account by using the
mirror-registry
tool. For a full list of available flags, see "mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift flags".$ ./mirror-registry install -v \ --targetHostname <host_example_com> \ --targetUsername <example_user> \ -k ~/.ssh/my_ssh_key \ --quayHostname <host_example_com> \ --quayRoot <example_directory_name>
Use the user name and password generated during installation to log into the mirror registry by running the following command:
$ podman login -u init \ -p <password> \ <host_example_com>:8443> \ --tls-verify=false 1
- 1
- You can avoid running
--tls-verify=false
by configuring your system to trust the generated rootCA certificates. See "Using SSL to protect connections to Red Hat Quay" and "Configuring the system to trust the certificate authority" for more information.
NoteYou can also log in by accessing the UI at
https://<host.example.com>:8443
after installation.You can mirror OpenShift Container Platform images after logging in. Depending on your needs, see either the "Mirroring the OpenShift Container Platform image repository" or the "Mirroring Operator catalogs for use with disconnected clusters" sections of this document.
NoteIf there are issues with images stored by the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift due to storage layer problems, you can remirror the OpenShift Container Platform images, or reinstall mirror registry on more stable storage.
3.2.6. Updating mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift from a remote host
This procedure explains how to update the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift from a remote host using the upgrade
command. Updating to the latest version ensures bug fixes and security vulnerability fixes.
When upgrading from version 1 to version 2, be aware of the following constraints:
-
The worker count is set to
1
because multiple writes are not allowed in SQLite. - You must not use the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift user interface (UP).
-
Do not access the
sqlite-storage
Podman volume during the upgrade. - There is intermittent downtime of your mirror registry because it is restarted during the upgrade process.
-
PostgreSQL data is backed up under the
/$HOME/quay-instal/quay-postgres-backup/
directory for recovery.
Prerequisites
- You have installed the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift on a remote host.
Procedure
To upgrade the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift from a remote host, enter the following command:
$ ./mirror-registry upgrade -v --targetHostname <remote_host_url> --targetUsername <user_name> -k ~/.ssh/my_ssh_key
NoteUsers who upgrade the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift with the
./mirror-registry upgrade -v
flag must include the same credentials used when creating their mirror registry. For example, if you installed the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift with--quayHostname <host_example_com>
and--quayRoot <example_directory_name>
, you must include that string to properly upgrade the mirror registry.If you are upgrading the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift from 1.3 → 2.y and want to specify a custom SQLite storage path, you must pass in the
--sqliteStorage
flag, for example:$ ./mirror-registry upgrade -v --targetHostname <remote_host_url> --targetUsername <user_name> -k ~/.ssh/my_ssh_key --sqliteStorage <example_directory_name>/quay-storage
3.2.7. Replacing mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift SSL/TLS certificates
In some cases, you might want to update your SSL/TLS certificates for the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift. This is useful in the following scenarios:
- If you are replacing the current mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift certificate.
- If you are using the same certificate as the previous mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift installation.
- If you are periodically updating the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift certificate.
Use the following procedure to replace mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift SSL/TLS certificates.
Prerequisites
-
You have downloaded the
./mirror-registry
binary from the OpenShift console Downloads page.
Procedure
Enter the following command to install the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift:
$ ./mirror-registry install \ --quayHostname <host_example_com> \ --quayRoot <example_directory_name>
This installs the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift to the
$HOME/quay-install
directory.-
Prepare a new certificate authority (CA) bundle and generate new
ssl.key
andssl.crt
key files. For more information, see Using SSL/TLS to protect connections to Red Hat Quay. Assign
/$HOME/quay-install
an environment variable, for example,QUAY
, by entering the following command:$ export QUAY=/$HOME/quay-install
Copy the new
ssl.crt
file to the/$HOME/quay-install
directory by entering the following command:$ cp ~/ssl.crt $QUAY/quay-config
Copy the new
ssl.key
file to the/$HOME/quay-install
directory by entering the following command:$ cp ~/ssl.key $QUAY/quay-config
Restart the
quay-app
application pod by entering the following command:$ systemctl restart quay-app
3.2.8. Uninstalling the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift
You can uninstall the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift from your local host by running the following command:
$ ./mirror-registry uninstall -v \ --quayRoot <example_directory_name>
Note-
Deleting the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift will prompt the user before deletion. You can use
--autoApprove
to skip this prompt. -
Users who install the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift with the
--quayRoot
flag must include the--quayRoot
flag when uninstalling. For example, if you installed the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift with--quayRoot example_directory_name
, you must include that string to properly uninstall the mirror registry.
-
Deleting the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift will prompt the user before deletion. You can use
3.2.9. Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift flags
The following flags are available for the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift:
Flags | Description |
---|---|
|
A boolean value that disables interactive prompts. If set to |
| The password of the init user created during Quay installation. Must be at least eight characters and contain no whitespace. |
|
Shows the username of the initial user. Defaults to |
| Allows users to disable color sequences and propagate that to Ansible when running install, uninstall, and upgrade commands. |
|
The fully-qualified domain name of the mirror registry that clients will use to contact the registry. Equivalent to |
|
The folder where Quay persistent storage data is saved. Defaults to the |
|
The directory where container image layer and configuration data is saved, including |
|
The folder where SQLite database data is saved. Defaults to |
|
The path of your SSH identity key. Defaults to |
|
The path to the SSL/TLS public key / certificate. Defaults to |
|
Skips the check for the certificate hostname against the |
|
The path to the SSL/TLS private key used for HTTPS communication. Defaults to |
|
The hostname of the target you want to install Quay to. Defaults to |
|
The user on the target host which will be used for SSH. Defaults to |
| Shows debug logs and Ansible playbook outputs. |
| Shows the version for the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift. |
-
--quayHostname
must be modified if the public DNS name of your system is different from the local hostname. Additionally, the--quayHostname
flag does not support installation with an IP address. Installation with a hostname is required. -
--sslCheckSkip
is used in cases when the mirror registry is set behind a proxy and the exposed hostname is different from the internal Quay hostname. It can also be used when users do not want the certificates to be validated against the provided Quay hostname during installation.
3.2.10. Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift release notes
The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is a small and streamlined container registry that you can use as a target for mirroring the required container images of OpenShift Container Platform for disconnected installations.
These release notes track the development of the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift in OpenShift Container Platform.
3.2.10.1. Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 2.0 release notes
The following sections provide details for each 2.0 release of the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift
3.2.10.1.1. Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 2.0.3
Issued: 25 November 2024
Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is now available with Red Hat Quay 3.12.3.
The following advisory is available for the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift:
3.2.10.1.2. Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 2.0.2
Issued: 31 October 2024
Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is now available with Red Hat Quay 3.12.2.
The following advisory is available for the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift:
3.2.10.1.3. Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 2.0.1
Issued: 26 September 2024
Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is now available with Red Hat Quay 3.12.1.
The following advisory is available for the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift:
3.2.10.1.4. Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 2.0.0
Issued: 03 September 2024
Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is now available with Red Hat Quay 3.12.0.
The following advisory is available for the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift:
3.2.10.1.4.1. New features
With the release of mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, the internal database has been upgraded from PostgreSQL to SQLite. As a result, data is now stored on the
sqlite-storage
Podman volume by default, and the overall tarball size is reduced by 300 MB.New installations use SQLite by default. Before upgrading to version 2.0, see "Updating mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift from a local host" or "Updating mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift from a remote host" depending on your environment.
-
A new feature flag,
--sqliteStorage
has been added. With this flag, you can manually set the location where SQLite database data is saved.
3.2.10.2. Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 1.3 release notes
To view the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 1.3 release notes, see Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 1.3 release notes.
3.2.10.3. Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 1.2 release notes
To view the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 1.2 release notes, see Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 1.2 release notes.
3.2.10.4. Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 1.1 release notes
To view the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 1.1 release notes, see Mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift 1.1 release notes.
3.2.11. Troubleshooting mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift
To assist in troubleshooting mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, you can gather logs of systemd services installed by the mirror registry. The following services are installed:
- quay-app.service
- quay-postgres.service
- quay-redis.service
- quay-pod.service
Prerequisites
- You have installed mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift.
Procedure
If you installed mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift with root privileges, you can get the status information of its systemd services by entering the following command:
$ sudo systemctl status <service>
If you installed mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift as a standard user, you can get the status information of its systemd services by entering the following command:
$ systemctl --user status <service>
3.2.12. Additional resources
3.3. Mirroring images for a disconnected installation by using the oc adm command
You can ensure your clusters only use container images that satisfy your organizational controls on external content. Before you install a cluster on infrastructure that you provision in a restricted network, you must mirror the required container images into that environment. By using the oc adm
command, you can mirror release and catalog images in OpenShift. To mirror container images, you must have a registry for mirroring.
You must have access to the internet to obtain the necessary container images. In this procedure, you place your mirror registry on a mirror host that has access to both your network and the internet. If you do not have access to a mirror host, use the Mirroring Operator catalogs for use with disconnected clusters procedure to copy images to a device you can move across network boundaries with.
3.3.1. Prerequisites
You must have a container image registry that supports Docker v2-2 in the location that will host the OpenShift Container Platform cluster, such as one of the following registries:
If you have an entitlement to Red Hat Quay, see the documentation on deploying Red Hat Quay for proof-of-concept purposes or by using the Red Hat Quay Operator. If you need additional assistance selecting and installing a registry, contact your sales representative or Red Hat Support.
- If you do not already have an existing solution for a container image registry, subscribers of OpenShift Container Platform are provided a mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift. The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is included with your subscription and is a small-scale container registry that can be used to mirror the required container images of OpenShift Container Platform in disconnected installations.
3.3.2. About the mirror registry
You can mirror the images that are required for OpenShift Container Platform installation and subsequent product updates to a container mirror registry such as Red Hat Quay, JFrog Artifactory, Sonatype Nexus Repository, or Harbor. If you do not have access to a large-scale container registry, you can use the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, a small-scale container registry included with OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions.
You can use any container registry that supports Docker v2-2, such as Red Hat Quay, the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, Artifactory, Sonatype Nexus Repository, or Harbor. Regardless of your chosen registry, the procedure to mirror content from Red Hat hosted sites on the internet to an isolated image registry is the same. After you mirror the content, you configure each cluster to retrieve this content from your mirror registry.
The OpenShift image registry cannot be used as the target registry because it does not support pushing without a tag, which is required during the mirroring process.
If choosing a container registry that is not the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, it must be reachable by every machine in the clusters that you provision. If the registry is unreachable, installation, updating, or normal operations such as workload relocation might fail. For that reason, you must run mirror registries in a highly available way, and the mirror registries must at least match the production availability of your OpenShift Container Platform clusters.
When you populate your mirror registry with OpenShift Container Platform images, you can follow two scenarios. If you have a host that can access both the internet and your mirror registry, but not your cluster nodes, you can directly mirror the content from that machine. This process is referred to as connected mirroring. If you have no such host, you must mirror the images to a file system and then bring that host or removable media into your restricted environment. This process is referred to as disconnected mirroring.
For mirrored registries, to view the source of pulled images, you must review the Trying to access
log entry in the CRI-O logs. Other methods to view the image pull source, such as using the crictl images
command on a node, show the non-mirrored image name, even though the image is pulled from the mirrored location.
Red Hat does not test third party registries with OpenShift Container Platform.
Additional information
For information about viewing the CRI-O logs to view the image source, see Viewing the image pull source.
3.3.3. Preparing your mirror host
Before you perform the mirror procedure, you must prepare the host to retrieve content and push it to the remote location.
3.3.3.1. Installing the OpenShift CLI
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) to interact with OpenShift Container Platform from a command-line interface. You can install oc
on Linux, Windows, or macOS.
If you installed an earlier version of oc
, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform 4.17. Download and install the new version of oc
.
Installing the OpenShift CLI on Linux
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.
Procedure
- Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
- Select the architecture from the Product Variant drop-down list.
- Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
- Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.17 Linux Clients entry and save the file.
Unpack the archive:
$ tar xvf <file>
Place the
oc
binary in a directory that is on yourPATH
.To check your
PATH
, execute the following command:$ echo $PATH
Verification
After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the
oc
command:$ oc <command>
Installing the OpenShift CLI on Windows
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.
Procedure
- Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
- Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
- Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.17 Windows Client entry and save the file.
- Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
Move the
oc
binary to a directory that is on yourPATH
.To check your
PATH
, open the command prompt and execute the following command:C:\> path
Verification
After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the
oc
command:C:\> oc <command>
Installing the OpenShift CLI on macOS
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.
Procedure
- Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
- Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.17 macOS Clients entry and save the file.
NoteFor macOS arm64, choose the OpenShift v4.17 macOS arm64 Client entry.
- Unpack and unzip the archive.
Move the
oc
binary to a directory on your PATH.To check your
PATH
, open a terminal and execute the following command:$ echo $PATH
Verification
Verify your installation by using an
oc
command:$ oc <command>
3.3.4. Configuring credentials that allow images to be mirrored
Create a container image registry credentials file that enables you to mirror images from Red Hat to your mirror.
Do not use this image registry credentials file as the pull secret when you install a cluster. If you provide this file when you install cluster, all of the machines in the cluster will have write access to your mirror registry.
This process requires that you have write access to a container image registry on the mirror registry and adds the credentials to a registry pull secret.
Prerequisites
- You configured a mirror registry to use in your disconnected environment.
- You identified an image repository location on your mirror registry to mirror images into.
- You provisioned a mirror registry account that allows images to be uploaded to that image repository.
Procedure
Complete the following steps on the installation host:
-
Download your
registry.redhat.io
pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. Make a copy of your pull secret in JSON format:
$ cat ./pull-secret | jq . > <path>/<pull_secret_file_in_json> 1
- 1
- Specify the path to the folder to store the pull secret in and a name for the JSON file that you create.
The contents of the file resemble the following example:
{ "auths": { "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } }
Generate the base64-encoded user name and password or token for your mirror registry:
$ echo -n '<user_name>:<password>' | base64 -w0 1 BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=
- 1
- For
<user_name>
and<password>
, specify the user name and password that you configured for your registry.
Edit the JSON file and add a section that describes your registry to it:
"auths": { "<mirror_registry>": { 1 "auth": "<credentials>", 2 "email": "you@example.com" } },
The file resembles the following example:
{ "auths": { "registry.example.com": { "auth": "BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=", "email": "you@example.com" }, "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } }
3.3.5. Mirroring the OpenShift Container Platform image repository
Mirror the OpenShift Container Platform image repository to your registry to use during cluster installation or upgrade.
Prerequisites
- Your mirror host has access to the internet.
- You configured a mirror registry to use in your restricted network and can access the certificate and credentials that you configured.
- You downloaded the pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager and modified it to include authentication to your mirror repository.
- If you use self-signed certificates, you have specified a Subject Alternative Name in the certificates.
Procedure
Complete the following steps on the mirror host:
- Review the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page to determine the version of OpenShift Container Platform that you want to install and determine the corresponding tag on the Repository Tags page.
Set the required environment variables:
Export the release version:
$ OCP_RELEASE=<release_version>
For
<release_version>
, specify the tag that corresponds to the version of OpenShift Container Platform to install, such as4.5.4
.Export the local registry name and host port:
$ LOCAL_REGISTRY='<local_registry_host_name>:<local_registry_host_port>'
For
<local_registry_host_name>
, specify the registry domain name for your mirror repository, and for<local_registry_host_port>
, specify the port that it serves content on.Export the local repository name:
$ LOCAL_REPOSITORY='<local_repository_name>'
For
<local_repository_name>
, specify the name of the repository to create in your registry, such asocp4/openshift4
.Export the name of the repository to mirror:
$ PRODUCT_REPO='openshift-release-dev'
For a production release, you must specify
openshift-release-dev
.Export the path to your registry pull secret:
$ LOCAL_SECRET_JSON='<path_to_pull_secret>'
For
<path_to_pull_secret>
, specify the absolute path to and file name of the pull secret for your mirror registry that you created.Export the release mirror:
$ RELEASE_NAME="ocp-release"
For a production release, you must specify
ocp-release
.Export the type of architecture for your cluster:
$ ARCHITECTURE=<cluster_architecture> 1
- 1
- Specify the architecture of the cluster, such as
x86_64
,aarch64
,s390x
, orppc64le
.
Export the path to the directory to host the mirrored images:
$ REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH=<path> 1
- 1
- Specify the full path, including the initial forward slash (/) character.
Mirror the version images to the mirror registry:
If your mirror host does not have internet access, take the following actions:
- Connect the removable media to a system that is connected to the internet.
Review the images and configuration manifests to mirror:
$ oc adm release mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} \ --from=quay.io/${PRODUCT_REPO}/${RELEASE_NAME}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE} \ --to=${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY} \ --to-release-image=${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE} --dry-run
-
Record the entire
imageContentSources
section from the output of the previous command. The information about your mirrors is unique to your mirrored repository, and you must add theimageContentSources
section to theinstall-config.yaml
file during installation. Mirror the images to a directory on the removable media:
$ oc adm release mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --to-dir=${REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror quay.io/${PRODUCT_REPO}/${RELEASE_NAME}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE}
Take the media to the restricted network environment and upload the images to the local container registry.
$ oc image mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --from-dir=${REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror "file://openshift/release:${OCP_RELEASE}*" ${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY} 1
- 1
- For
REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH
, you must use the same path that you specified when you mirrored the images.
ImportantRunning
oc image mirror
might result in the following error:error: unable to retrieve source image
. This error occurs when image indexes include references to images that no longer exist on the image registry. Image indexes might retain older references to allow users running those images an upgrade path to newer points on the upgrade graph. As a temporary workaround, you can use the--skip-missing
option to bypass the error and continue downloading the image index. For more information, see Service Mesh Operator mirroring failed.
If the local container registry is connected to the mirror host, take the following actions:
Directly push the release images to the local registry by using following command:
$ oc adm release mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} \ --from=quay.io/${PRODUCT_REPO}/${RELEASE_NAME}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE} \ --to=${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY} \ --to-release-image=${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE}
This command pulls the release information as a digest, and its output includes the
imageContentSources
data that you require when you install your cluster.Record the entire
imageContentSources
section from the output of the previous command. The information about your mirrors is unique to your mirrored repository, and you must add theimageContentSources
section to theinstall-config.yaml
file during installation.NoteThe image name gets patched to Quay.io during the mirroring process, and the podman images will show Quay.io in the registry on the bootstrap virtual machine.
To create the installation program that is based on the content that you mirrored, extract it and pin it to the release:
If your mirror host does not have internet access, run the following command:
$ oc adm release extract -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --icsp-file=<file> --command=openshift-install "${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE}" \ --insecure=true 1
- 1
- Optional: If you do not want to configure trust for the target registry, add the
--insecure=true
flag.
If the local container registry is connected to the mirror host, run the following command:
$ oc adm release extract -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --command=openshift-install "${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE}"
ImportantTo ensure that you use the correct images for the version of OpenShift Container Platform that you selected, you must extract the installation program from the mirrored content.
You must perform this step on a machine with an active internet connection.
For clusters using installer-provisioned infrastructure, run the following command:
$ openshift-install
3.3.6. The Cluster Samples Operator in a disconnected environment
In a disconnected environment, you must take additional steps after you install a cluster to configure the Cluster Samples Operator. Review the following information in preparation.
3.3.6.1. Cluster Samples Operator assistance for mirroring
During installation, OpenShift Container Platform creates a config map named imagestreamtag-to-image
in the openshift-cluster-samples-operator
namespace. The imagestreamtag-to-image
config map contains an entry, the populating image, for each image stream tag.
The format of the key for each entry in the data field in the config map is <image_stream_name>_<image_stream_tag_name>
.
During a disconnected installation of OpenShift Container Platform, the status of the Cluster Samples Operator is set to Removed
. If you choose to change it to Managed
, it installs samples.
The use of samples in a network-restricted or discontinued environment may require access to services external to your network. Some example services include: Github, Maven Central, npm, RubyGems, PyPi and others. There might be additional steps to take that allow the cluster samples operators’s objects to reach the services they require.
You can use this config map as a reference for which images need to be mirrored for your image streams to import.
-
While the Cluster Samples Operator is set to
Removed
, you can create your mirrored registry, or determine which existing mirrored registry you want to use. - Mirror the samples you want to the mirrored registry using the new config map as your guide.
-
Add any of the image streams you did not mirror to the
skippedImagestreams
list of the Cluster Samples Operator configuration object. -
Set
samplesRegistry
of the Cluster Samples Operator configuration object to the mirrored registry. -
Then set the Cluster Samples Operator to
Managed
to install the image streams you have mirrored.
3.3.7. Mirroring Operator catalogs for use with disconnected clusters
You can mirror the Operator contents of a Red Hat-provided catalog, or a custom catalog, into a container image registry using the oc adm catalog mirror
command. The target registry must support Docker v2-2. For a cluster on a restricted network, this registry can be one that the cluster has network access to, such as a mirror registry created during a restricted network cluster installation.
- The OpenShift image registry cannot be used as the target registry because it does not support pushing without a tag, which is required during the mirroring process.
-
Running
oc adm catalog mirror
might result in the following error:error: unable to retrieve source image
. This error occurs when image indexes include references to images that no longer exist on the image registry. Image indexes might retain older references to allow users running those images an upgrade path to newer points on the upgrade graph. As a temporary workaround, you can use the--skip-missing
option to bypass the error and continue downloading the image index. For more information, see Service Mesh Operator mirroring failed.
The oc adm catalog mirror
command also automatically mirrors the index image that is specified during the mirroring process, whether it be a Red Hat-provided index image or your own custom-built index image, to the target registry. You can then use the mirrored index image to create a catalog source that allows Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) to load the mirrored catalog onto your OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
Additional resources
3.3.7.1. Prerequisites
Mirroring Operator catalogs for use with disconnected clusters has the following prerequisites:
- Workstation with unrestricted network access.
-
podman
version 1.9.3 or later. If you want to filter, or prune, an existing catalog and selectively mirror only a subset of Operators, see the following sections:
If you want to mirror a Red Hat-provided catalog, run the following command on your workstation with unrestricted network access to authenticate with
registry.redhat.io
:$ podman login registry.redhat.io
- Access to a mirror registry that supports Docker v2-2.
-
On your mirror registry, decide which repository, or namespace, to use for storing mirrored Operator content. For example, you might create an
olm-mirror
repository. - If your mirror registry does not have internet access, connect removable media to your workstation with unrestricted network access.
If you are working with private registries, including
registry.redhat.io
, set theREG_CREDS
environment variable to the file path of your registry credentials for use in later steps. For example, for thepodman
CLI:$ REG_CREDS=${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/containers/auth.json
3.3.7.2. Extracting and mirroring catalog contents
The oc adm catalog mirror
command extracts the contents of an index image to generate the manifests required for mirroring. The default behavior of the command generates manifests, then automatically mirrors all of the image content from the index image, as well as the index image itself, to your mirror registry.
Alternatively, if your mirror registry is on a completely disconnected, or airgapped, host, you can first mirror the content to removable media, move the media to the disconnected environment, then mirror the content from the media to the registry.
3.3.7.2.1. Mirroring catalog contents to registries on the same network
If your mirror registry is co-located on the same network as your workstation with unrestricted network access, take the following actions on your workstation.
Procedure
If your mirror registry requires authentication, run the following command to log in to the registry:
$ podman login <mirror_registry>
Run the following command to extract and mirror the content to the mirror registry:
$ oc adm catalog mirror \ <index_image> \ 1 <mirror_registry>:<port>[/<repository>] \ 2 [-a ${REG_CREDS}] \ 3 [--insecure] \ 4 [--index-filter-by-os='<platform>/<arch>'] \ 5 [--manifests-only] 6
- 1
- Specify the index image for the catalog that you want to mirror.
- 2
- Specify the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) for the target registry to mirror the Operator contents to. The mirror registry
<repository>
can be any existing repository, or namespace, on the registry, for exampleolm-mirror
as outlined in the prerequisites. If there is an existing repository found during mirroring, the repository name is added to the resulting image name. If you do not want the image name to include the repository name, omit the<repository>
value from this line, for example<mirror_registry>:<port>
. - 3
- Optional: If required, specify the location of your registry credentials file.
{REG_CREDS}
is required forregistry.redhat.io
. - 4
- Optional: If you do not want to configure trust for the target registry, add the
--insecure
flag. - 5
- Optional: Specify which platform and architecture of the index image to select when multiple variants are available. Images are passed as
'<platform>/<arch>[/<variant>]'
. This does not apply to images referenced by the index. Valid values arelinux/amd64
,linux/ppc64le
,linux/s390x
,linux/arm64
. - 6
- Optional: Generate only the manifests required for mirroring without actually mirroring the image content to a registry. This option can be useful for reviewing what will be mirrored, and lets you make any changes to the mapping list, if you require only a subset of packages. You can then use the
mapping.txt
file with theoc image mirror
command to mirror the modified list of images in a later step. This flag is intended for only advanced selective mirroring of content from the catalog.
Example output
src image has index label for database path: /database/index.db using database path mapping: /database/index.db:/tmp/153048078 wrote database to /tmp/153048078 1 ... wrote mirroring manifests to manifests-redhat-operator-index-1614211642 2
- 1
- Directory for the temporary
index.db
database generated by the command. - 2
- Record the manifests directory name that is generated. This directory is referenced in subsequent procedures.Note
Red Hat Quay does not support nested repositories. As a result, running the
oc adm catalog mirror
command will fail with a401
unauthorized error. As a workaround, you can use the--max-components=2
option when running theoc adm catalog mirror
command to disable the creation of nested repositories. For more information on this workaround, see the Unauthorized error thrown while using catalog mirror command with Quay registry Knowledgebase Solution.
Additional resources
3.3.7.2.2. Mirroring catalog contents to airgapped registries
If your mirror registry is on a completely disconnected, or airgapped, host, take the following actions.
Procedure
Run the following command on your workstation with unrestricted network access to mirror the content to local files:
$ oc adm catalog mirror \ <index_image> \ 1 file:///local/index \ 2 -a ${REG_CREDS} \ 3 --insecure \ 4 --index-filter-by-os='<platform>/<arch>' 5
- 1
- Specify the index image for the catalog that you want to mirror.
- 2
- Specify the content to mirror to local files in your current directory.
- 3
- Optional: If required, specify the location of your registry credentials file.
- 4
- Optional: If you do not want to configure trust for the target registry, add the
--insecure
flag. - 5
- Optional: Specify which platform and architecture of the index image to select when multiple variants are available. Images are specified as
'<platform>/<arch>[/<variant>]'
. This does not apply to images referenced by the index. Valid values arelinux/amd64
,linux/ppc64le
,linux/s390x
,linux/arm64
, and.*
Example output
... info: Mirroring completed in 5.93s (5.915MB/s) wrote mirroring manifests to manifests-my-index-1614985528 1 To upload local images to a registry, run: oc adm catalog mirror file://local/index/myrepo/my-index:v1 REGISTRY/REPOSITORY 2
This command creates a
v2/
directory in your current directory.-
Copy the
v2/
directory to removable media. - Physically remove the media and attach it to a host in the disconnected environment that has access to the mirror registry.
If your mirror registry requires authentication, run the following command on your host in the disconnected environment to log in to the registry:
$ podman login <mirror_registry>
Run the following command from the parent directory containing the
v2/
directory to upload the images from local files to the mirror registry:$ oc adm catalog mirror \ file://local/index/<repository>/<index_image>:<tag> \ 1 <mirror_registry>:<port>[/<repository>] \ 2 -a ${REG_CREDS} \ 3 --insecure \ 4 --index-filter-by-os='<platform>/<arch>' 5
- 1
- Specify the
file://
path from the previous command output. - 2
- Specify the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) for the target registry to mirror the Operator contents to. The mirror registry
<repository>
can be any existing repository, or namespace, on the registry, for exampleolm-mirror
as outlined in the prerequisites. If there is an existing repository found during mirroring, the repository name is added to the resulting image name. If you do not want the image name to include the repository name, omit the<repository>
value from this line, for example<mirror_registry>:<port>
. - 3
- Optional: If required, specify the location of your registry credentials file.
- 4
- Optional: If you do not want to configure trust for the target registry, add the
--insecure
flag. - 5
- Optional: Specify which platform and architecture of the index image to select when multiple variants are available. Images are specified as
'<platform>/<arch>[/<variant>]'
. This does not apply to images referenced by the index. Valid values arelinux/amd64
,linux/ppc64le
,linux/s390x
,linux/arm64
, and.*
NoteRed Hat Quay does not support nested repositories. As a result, running the
oc adm catalog mirror
command will fail with a401
unauthorized error. As a workaround, you can use the--max-components=2
option when running theoc adm catalog mirror
command to disable the creation of nested repositories. For more information on this workaround, see the Unauthorized error thrown while using catalog mirror command with Quay registry Knowledgebase Solution.Run the
oc adm catalog mirror
command again. Use the newly mirrored index image as the source and the same mirror registry target used in the previous step:$ oc adm catalog mirror \ <mirror_registry>:<port>/<index_image> \ <mirror_registry>:<port>[/<repository>] \ --manifests-only \1 [-a ${REG_CREDS}] \ [--insecure]
- 1
- The
--manifests-only
flag is required for this step so that the command does not copy all of the mirrored content again.
ImportantThis step is required because the image mappings in the
imageContentSourcePolicy.yaml
file generated during the previous step must be updated from local paths to valid mirror locations. Failure to do so will cause errors when you create theImageContentSourcePolicy
object in a later step.
After you mirror the catalog, you can continue with the remainder of your cluster installation. After your cluster installation has finished successfully, you must specify the manifests directory from this procedure to create the ImageContentSourcePolicy
and CatalogSource
objects. These objects are required to enable installation of Operators from OperatorHub.
Additional resources
3.3.7.3. Generated manifests
After mirroring Operator catalog content to your mirror registry, a manifests directory is generated in your current directory.
If you mirrored content to a registry on the same network, the directory name takes the following pattern:
manifests-<index_image_name>-<random_number>
If you mirrored content to a registry on a disconnected host in the previous section, the directory name takes the following pattern:
manifests-index/<repository>/<index_image_name>-<random_number>
The manifests directory name is referenced in subsequent procedures.
The manifests directory contains the following files, some of which might require further modification:
The
catalogSource.yaml
file is a basic definition for aCatalogSource
object that is pre-populated with your index image tag and other relevant metadata. This file can be used as is or modified to add the catalog source to your cluster.ImportantIf you mirrored the content to local files, you must modify your
catalogSource.yaml
file to remove any backslash (/
) characters from themetadata.name
field. Otherwise, when you attempt to create the object, it fails with an "invalid resource name" error.The
imageContentSourcePolicy.yaml
file defines anImageContentSourcePolicy
object that can configure nodes to translate between the image references stored in Operator manifests and the mirrored registry.NoteIf your cluster uses an
ImageContentSourcePolicy
object to configure repository mirroring, you can use only global pull secrets for mirrored registries. You cannot add a pull secret to a project.The
mapping.txt
file contains all of the source images and where to map them in the target registry. This file is compatible with theoc image mirror
command and can be used to further customize the mirroring configuration.ImportantIf you used the
--manifests-only
flag during the mirroring process and want to further trim the subset of packages to mirror, see the steps in the Mirroring a package manifest format catalog image procedure of the OpenShift Container Platform 4.7 documentation about modifying yourmapping.txt
file and using the file with theoc image mirror
command.
3.3.7.4. Postinstallation requirements
After you mirror the catalog, you can continue with the remainder of your cluster installation. After your cluster installation has finished successfully, you must specify the manifests directory from this procedure to create the ImageContentSourcePolicy
and CatalogSource
objects. These objects are required to populate and enable installation of Operators from OperatorHub.
3.3.8. Next steps
- Install a cluster on infrastructure that you provision in your restricted network, such as on VMware vSphere, bare metal, or Amazon Web Services.
3.3.9. Additional resources
- See Gathering data about specific features for more information about using must-gather.
3.4. Mirroring images for a disconnected installation using the oc-mirror plugin
Running your cluster in a restricted network without direct internet connectivity is possible by installing the cluster from a mirrored set of OpenShift Container Platform container images in a private registry. This registry must be running at all times as long as the cluster is running. See the Prerequisites section for more information.
You can use the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI (oc
) plugin to mirror images to a mirror registry in your fully or partially disconnected environments. You must run oc-mirror from a system with internet connectivity in order to download the required images from the official Red Hat registries.
3.4.1. About the oc-mirror plugin
You can use the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI (oc
) plugin to mirror all required OpenShift Container Platform content and other images to your mirror registry by using a single tool. It provides the following features:
- Provides a centralized method to mirror OpenShift Container Platform releases, Operators, helm charts, and other images.
- Maintains update paths for OpenShift Container Platform and Operators.
- Uses a declarative image set configuration file to include only the OpenShift Container Platform releases, Operators, and images that your cluster needs.
- Performs incremental mirroring, which reduces the size of future image sets.
- Prunes images from the target mirror registry that were excluded from the image set configuration since the previous execution.
- Optionally generates supporting artifacts for OpenShift Update Service (OSUS) usage.
When using the oc-mirror plugin, you specify which content to mirror in an image set configuration file. In this YAML file, you can fine-tune the configuration to only include the OpenShift Container Platform releases and Operators that your cluster needs. This reduces the amount of data that you need to download and transfer. The oc-mirror plugin can also mirror arbitrary helm charts and additional container images to assist users in seamlessly synchronizing their workloads onto mirror registries.
The first time you run the oc-mirror plugin, it populates your mirror registry with the required content to perform your disconnected cluster installation or update. In order for your disconnected cluster to continue receiving updates, you must keep your mirror registry updated. To update your mirror registry, you run the oc-mirror plugin using the same configuration as the first time you ran it. The oc-mirror plugin references the metadata from the storage backend and only downloads what has been released since the last time you ran the tool. This provides update paths for OpenShift Container Platform and Operators and performs dependency resolution as required.
3.4.1.1. High level workflow
The following steps outline the high-level workflow on how to use the oc-mirror plugin to mirror images to a mirror registry:
- Create an image set configuration file.
Mirror the image set to the target mirror registry by using one of the following methods:
- Mirror an image set directly to the target mirror registry.
- Mirror an image set to disk, transfer the image set to the target environment, then upload the image set to the target mirror registry.
- Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by the oc-mirror plugin.
- Repeat these steps to update your target mirror registry as necessary.
When using the oc-mirror CLI plugin to populate a mirror registry, any further updates to the target mirror registry must be made by using the oc-mirror plugin.
3.4.2. oc-mirror plugin compatibility and support
The oc-mirror plugin supports mirroring OpenShift Container Platform payload images and Operator catalogs for OpenShift Container Platform versions 4.12 and later.
On aarch64
, ppc64le
, and s390x
architectures the oc-mirror plugin is only supported for OpenShift Container Platform versions 4.14 and later.
Use the latest available version of the oc-mirror plugin regardless of which versions of OpenShift Container Platform you need to mirror.
Additional resources
- For information on updating oc-mirror, see Viewing the image pull source.
3.4.3. About the mirror registry
You can mirror the images that are required for OpenShift Container Platform installation and subsequent product updates to a container mirror registry that supports Docker v2-2, such as Red Hat Quay. If you do not have access to a large-scale container registry, you can use the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, which is a small-scale container registry included with OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions.
Regardless of your chosen registry, the procedure to mirror content from Red Hat hosted sites on the internet to an isolated image registry is the same. After you mirror the content, you configure each cluster to retrieve this content from your mirror registry.
The OpenShift image registry cannot be used as the target registry because it does not support pushing without a tag, which is required during the mirroring process.
If choosing a container registry that is not the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift, it must be reachable by every machine in the clusters that you provision. If the registry is unreachable, installation, updating, or normal operations such as workload relocation might fail. For that reason, you must run mirror registries in a highly available way, and the mirror registries must at least match the production availability of your OpenShift Container Platform clusters.
When you populate your mirror registry with OpenShift Container Platform images, you can follow two scenarios. If you have a host that can access both the internet and your mirror registry, but not your cluster nodes, you can directly mirror the content from that machine. This process is referred to as connected mirroring. If you have no such host, you must mirror the images to a file system and then bring that host or removable media into your restricted environment. This process is referred to as disconnected mirroring.
For mirrored registries, to view the source of pulled images, you must review the Trying to access
log entry in the CRI-O logs. Other methods to view the image pull source, such as using the crictl images
command on a node, show the non-mirrored image name, even though the image is pulled from the mirrored location.
Red Hat does not test third party registries with OpenShift Container Platform.
Additional resources
- For information about viewing the CRI-O logs to view the image source, see Viewing the image pull source.
3.4.4. Prerequisites
You must have a container image registry that supports Docker v2-2 in the location that will host the OpenShift Container Platform cluster, such as Red Hat Quay.
NoteIf you use Red Hat Quay, you must use version 3.6 or later with the oc-mirror plugin. If you have an entitlement to Red Hat Quay, see the documentation on deploying Red Hat Quay for proof-of-concept purposes or by using the Red Hat Quay Operator. If you need additional assistance selecting and installing a registry, contact your sales representative or Red Hat Support.
If you do not already have an existing solution for a container image registry, subscribers of OpenShift Container Platform are provided a mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift. The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is included with your subscription and is a small-scale container registry that can be used to mirror the required container images of OpenShift Container Platform in disconnected installations.
3.4.5. Preparing your mirror hosts
Before you can use the oc-mirror plugin to mirror images, you must install the plugin and create a container image registry credentials file to allow the mirroring from Red Hat to your mirror.
3.4.5.1. Installing the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI plugin
Install the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI plugin to manage image sets in disconnected environments.
Prerequisites
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
). If you are mirroring image sets in a fully disconnected environment, ensure the following:- You have installed the oc-mirror plugin on the host that has internet access.
- The host in the disconnected environment has access to the target mirror registry.
-
You have set the
umask
parameter to0022
on the operating system that uses oc-mirror. - You have installed the correct binary for the RHEL version that you are using.
Procedure
Download the oc-mirror CLI plugin.
- Navigate to the Downloads page of the OpenShift Cluster Manager.
- Under the OpenShift disconnected installation tools section, click Download for OpenShift Client (oc) mirror plugin and save the file.
Extract the archive:
$ tar xvzf oc-mirror.tar.gz
If necessary, update the plugin file to be executable:
$ chmod +x oc-mirror
NoteDo not rename the
oc-mirror
file.Install the oc-mirror CLI plugin by placing the file in your
PATH
, for example,/usr/local/bin
:$ sudo mv oc-mirror /usr/local/bin/.
Verification
Verify that the plugin for oc-mirror v1 is successfully installed by running the following command:
$ oc mirror help
Additional resources
3.4.5.2. Configuring credentials that allow images to be mirrored
Create a container image registry credentials file that enables you to mirror images from Red Hat to your mirror.
Do not use this image registry credentials file as the pull secret when you install a cluster. If you provide this file when you install cluster, all of the machines in the cluster will have write access to your mirror registry.
This process requires that you have write access to a container image registry on the mirror registry and adds the credentials to a registry pull secret.
Prerequisites
- You configured a mirror registry to use in your disconnected environment.
- You identified an image repository location on your mirror registry to mirror images into.
- You provisioned a mirror registry account that allows images to be uploaded to that image repository.
Procedure
Complete the following steps on the installation host:
-
Download your
registry.redhat.io
pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. Make a copy of your pull secret in JSON format:
$ cat ./pull-secret | jq . > <path>/<pull_secret_file_in_json> 1
- 1
- Specify the path to the folder to store the pull secret in and a name for the JSON file that you create.
The contents of the file resemble the following example:
{ "auths": { "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } }
-
Save the file either as
~/.docker/config.json
or$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/containers/auth.json
.
Generate the base64-encoded user name and password or token for your mirror registry:
$ echo -n '<user_name>:<password>' | base64 -w0 1 BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=
- 1
- For
<user_name>
and<password>
, specify the user name and password that you configured for your registry.
Edit the JSON file and add a section that describes your registry to it:
"auths": { "<mirror_registry>": { 1 "auth": "<credentials>", 2 "email": "you@example.com" } },
The file resembles the following example:
{ "auths": { "registry.example.com": { "auth": "BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=", "email": "you@example.com" }, "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } }
3.4.6. Creating the image set configuration
Before you can use the oc-mirror plugin to mirror image sets, you must create an image set configuration file. This image set configuration file defines which OpenShift Container Platform releases, Operators, and other images to mirror, along with other configuration settings for the oc-mirror plugin.
You must specify a storage backend in the image set configuration file. This storage backend can be a local directory or a registry that supports Docker v2-2. The oc-mirror plugin stores metadata in this storage backend during image set creation.
Do not delete or modify the metadata that is generated by the oc-mirror plugin. You must use the same storage backend every time you run the oc-mirror plugin for the same mirror registry.
Prerequisites
- You have created a container image registry credentials file. For instructions, see "Configuring credentials that allow images to be mirrored".
Procedure
Use the
oc mirror init
command to create a template for the image set configuration and save it to a file calledimageset-config.yaml
:$ oc mirror init <--registry <storage_backend> > imageset-config.yaml 1
- 1
- Specifies the location of your storage backend, such as
example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata
.
Edit the file and adjust the settings as necessary:
kind: ImageSetConfiguration apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 archiveSize: 4 1 storageConfig: 2 registry: imageURL: example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata 3 skipTLS: false mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.17 4 type: ocp graph: true 5 operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.17 6 packages: - name: serverless-operator 7 channels: - name: stable 8 additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi9/ubi:latest 9 helm: {}
- 1
- Add
archiveSize
to set the maximum size, in GiB, of each file within the image set. - 2
- Set the back-end location to save the image set metadata to. This location can be a registry or local directory. It is required to specify
storageConfig
values. - 3
- Set the registry URL for the storage backend.
- 4
- Set the channel to retrieve the OpenShift Container Platform images from.
- 5
- Add
graph: true
to build and push the graph-data image to the mirror registry. The graph-data image is required to create OpenShift Update Service (OSUS). Thegraph: true
field also generates theUpdateService
custom resource manifest. Theoc
command-line interface (CLI) can use theUpdateService
custom resource manifest to create OSUS. For more information, see About the OpenShift Update Service. - 6
- Set the Operator catalog to retrieve the OpenShift Container Platform images from.
- 7
- Specify only certain Operator packages to include in the image set. Remove this field to retrieve all packages in the catalog.
- 8
- Specify only certain channels of the Operator packages to include in the image set. You must always include the default channel for the Operator package even if you do not use the bundles in that channel. You can find the default channel by running the following command:
oc mirror list operators --catalog=<catalog_name> --package=<package_name>
. - 9
- Specify any additional images to include in image set.
NoteThe
graph: true
field also mirrors theubi-micro
image along with other mirrored images.When upgrading OpenShift Container Platform Extended Update Support (EUS) versions, an intermediate version might be required between the current and target versions. For example, if the current version is
4.14
and target version is4.16
, you might need to include a version such as4.15.8
in theImageSetConfiguration
when using the oc-mirror plugin v1.The oc-mirror plugin v1 might not always detect this automatically, so check the Cincinnati graph web page to confirm any required intermediate versions and add them manually to your configuration.
See "Image set configuration parameters" for the full list of parameters and "Image set configuration examples" for various mirroring use cases.
Save the updated file.
This image set configuration file is required by the
oc mirror
command when mirroring content.
3.4.7. Mirroring an image set to a mirror registry
You can use the oc-mirror CLI plugin to mirror images to a mirror registry in a partially disconnected environment or in a fully disconnected environment.
These procedures assume that you already have your mirror registry set up.
3.4.7.1. Mirroring an image set in a partially disconnected environment
In a partially disconnected environment, you can mirror an image set directly to the target mirror registry.
3.4.7.1.1. Mirroring from mirror to mirror
You can use the oc-mirror plugin to mirror an image set directly to a target mirror registry that is accessible during image set creation.
You are required to specify a storage backend in the image set configuration file. This storage backend can be a local directory or a Docker v2 registry. The oc-mirror plugin stores metadata in this storage backend during image set creation.
Do not delete or modify the metadata that is generated by the oc-mirror plugin. You must use the same storage backend every time you run the oc-mirror plugin for the same mirror registry.
Prerequisites
- You have access to the internet to get the necessary container images.
-
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
). -
You have installed the
oc-mirror
CLI plugin. - You have created the image set configuration file.
Procedure
Run the
oc mirror
command to mirror the images from the specified image set configuration to a specified registry:$ oc mirror --config=./<imageset-config.yaml> \1 docker://registry.example:5000 2
- 1
- Specify the image set configuration file that you created. For example,
imageset-config.yaml
. - 2
- Specify the registry to mirror the image set file to. The registry must start with
docker://
. If you specify a top-level namespace for the mirror registry, you must also use this same namespace on subsequent executions.
Verification
-
Navigate into the
oc-mirror-workspace/
directory that was generated. -
Navigate into the results directory, for example,
results-1639608409/
. -
Verify that YAML files are present for the
ImageContentSourcePolicy
andCatalogSource
resources.
The repositoryDigestMirrors
section of the ImageContentSourcePolicy
YAML file is used for the install-config.yaml
file during installation.
Next steps
- Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror.
Troubleshooting
3.4.7.2. Mirroring an image set in a fully disconnected environment
To mirror an image set in a fully disconnected environment, you must first mirror the image set to disk, then mirror the image set file on disk to a mirror.
3.4.7.2.1. Mirroring from mirror to disk
You can use the oc-mirror plugin to generate an image set and save the contents to disk. The generated image set can then be transferred to the disconnected environment and mirrored to the target registry.
Depending on the configuration specified in the image set configuration file, using oc-mirror to mirror images might download several hundreds of gigabytes of data to disk.
The initial image set download when you populate the mirror registry is often the largest. Because you only download the images that changed since the last time you ran the command, when you run the oc-mirror plugin again, the generated image set is often smaller.
You are required to specify a storage backend in the image set configuration file. This storage backend can be a local directory or a docker v2 registry. The oc-mirror plugin stores metadata in this storage backend during image set creation.
Do not delete or modify the metadata that is generated by the oc-mirror plugin. You must use the same storage backend every time you run the oc-mirror plugin for the same mirror registry.
Prerequisites
- You have access to the internet to obtain the necessary container images.
-
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
). -
You have installed the
oc-mirror
CLI plugin. - You have created the image set configuration file.
Procedure
Run the
oc mirror
command to mirror the images from the specified image set configuration to disk:$ oc mirror --config=./imageset-config.yaml \1 file://<path_to_output_directory> 2
Verification
Navigate to your output directory:
$ cd <path_to_output_directory>
Verify that an image set
.tar
file was created:$ ls
Example output
mirror_seq1_000000.tar
Next steps
- Transfer the image set .tar file to the disconnected environment.
Troubleshooting
3.4.7.2.2. Mirroring from disk to mirror
You can use the oc-mirror plugin to mirror the contents of a generated image set to the target mirror registry.
Prerequisites
-
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
) in the disconnected environment. -
You have installed the
oc-mirror
CLI plugin in the disconnected environment. -
You have generated the image set file by using the
oc mirror
command. - You have transferred the image set file to the disconnected environment.
Procedure
Run the
oc mirror
command to process the image set file on disk and mirror the contents to a target mirror registry:$ oc mirror --from=./mirror_seq1_000000.tar \1 docker://registry.example:5000 2
- 1
- Pass in the image set .tar file to mirror, named
mirror_seq1_000000.tar
in this example. If anarchiveSize
value was specified in the image set configuration file, the image set might be broken up into multiple .tar files. In this situation, you can pass in a directory that contains the image set .tar files. - 2
- Specify the registry to mirror the image set file to. The registry must start with
docker://
. If you specify a top-level namespace for the mirror registry, you must also use this same namespace on subsequent executions.
This command updates the mirror registry with the image set and generates the
ImageContentSourcePolicy
andCatalogSource
resources.
Verification
-
Navigate into the
oc-mirror-workspace/
directory that was generated. -
Navigate into the results directory, for example,
results-1639608409/
. -
Verify that YAML files are present for the
ImageContentSourcePolicy
andCatalogSource
resources.
Next steps
- Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror.
Troubleshooting
3.4.8. Configuring your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror
After you have mirrored your image set to the mirror registry, you must apply the generated ImageContentSourcePolicy
, CatalogSource
, and release image signature resources into the cluster.
The ImageContentSourcePolicy
resource associates the mirror registry with the source registry and redirects image pull requests from the online registries to the mirror registry. The CatalogSource
resource is used by Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) to retrieve information about the available Operators in the mirror registry. The release image signatures are used to verify the mirrored release images.
Prerequisites
- You have mirrored the image set to the registry mirror in the disconnected environment.
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role.
Procedure
-
Log in to the OpenShift CLI as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. Apply the YAML files from the results directory to the cluster by running the following command:
$ oc apply -f ./oc-mirror-workspace/results-1639608409/
If you mirrored release images, apply the release image signatures to the cluster by running the following command:
$ oc apply -f ./oc-mirror-workspace/results-1639608409/release-signatures/
NoteIf you are mirroring Operators instead of clusters, you do not need to run
$ oc apply -f ./oc-mirror-workspace/results-1639608409/release-signatures/
. Running that command will return an error, as there are no release image signatures to apply.
Verification
Verify that the
ImageContentSourcePolicy
resources were successfully installed by running the following command:$ oc get imagecontentsourcepolicy
Verify that the
CatalogSource
resources were successfully installed by running the following command:$ oc get catalogsource -n openshift-marketplace
3.4.9. Updating your mirror registry content
You can update your mirror registry content by updating the image set configuration file and mirroring the image set to the mirror registry. The next time that you run the oc-mirror plugin, an image set is generated that only contains new and updated images since the previous execution.
While updating the mirror registry, you must take into account the following considerations:
Images are pruned from the target mirror registry if they are no longer included in the latest image set that was generated and mirrored. Therefore, ensure that you are updating images for the same combination of the following key components so that only a differential image set is created and mirrored:
- Image set configuration
- Destination registry
- Storage configuration
- The images can be pruned in case of disk to mirror or mirror to mirror workflow.
- The generated image sets must be pushed to the target mirror registry in sequence. You can derive the sequence number from the file name of the generated image set archive file.
- Do not delete or modify the metadata image that is generated by the oc-mirror plugin.
- If you specified a top-level namespace for the mirror registry during the initial image set creation, then you must use this same namespace every time you run the oc-mirror plugin for the same mirror registry.
For more information about the workflow to update the mirror registry content, see the "High level workflow" section.
3.4.9.1. Mirror registry update examples
This section covers the use cases for updating the mirror registry from disk to mirror.
Example ImageSetConfiguration
file that was previously used for mirroring
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: local: path: /home/user/metadata mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.12 minVersion: 4.12.1 maxVersion: 4.12.1 operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.14 packages: - name: rhacs-operator channels: - name: stable
Mirroring a specific OpenShift Container Platform version by pruning the existing images
Updated ImageSetConfiguration
file
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2
kind: ImageSetConfiguration
storageConfig:
local:
path: /home/user/metadata
mirror:
platform:
channels:
- name: stable-4.13 1
operators:
- catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.14
packages:
- name: rhacs-operator
channels:
- name: stable
- 1
- Replacing by
stable-4.13
prunes all the images ofstable-4.12
.
Updating to the latest version of an Operator by pruning the existing images
Updated ImageSetConfiguration
file
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2
kind: ImageSetConfiguration
storageConfig:
local:
path: /home/user/metadata
mirror:
platform:
channels:
- name: stable-4.12
minVersion: 4.12.1
maxVersion: 4.12.1
operators:
- catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.14
packages:
- name: rhacs-operator
channels:
- name: stable 1
- 1
- Using the same channel without specifying a version prunes the existing images and updates with the latest version of images.
Mirroring a new Operator by pruning the existing Operator
Updated ImageSetConfiguration
file
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2
kind: ImageSetConfiguration
storageConfig:
local:
path: /home/user/metadata
mirror:
platform:
channels:
- name: stable-4.12
minVersion: 4.12.1
maxVersion: 4.12.1
operators:
- catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.14
packages:
- name: <new_operator_name> 1
channels:
- name: stable
- 1
- Replacing
rhacs-operator
withnew_operator_name
prunes the Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security for Kubernetes Operator.
Pruning all the OpenShift Container Platform images
Updated ImageSetConfiguration
file
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: local: path: /home/user/metadata mirror: platform: channels: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.14 packages:
3.4.10. Performing a dry run
You can use oc-mirror to perform a dry run, without actually mirroring any images. This allows you to review the list of images that would be mirrored, as well as any images that would be pruned from the mirror registry. A dry run also allows you to catch any errors with your image set configuration early or use the generated list of images with other tools to carry out the mirroring operation.
Prerequisites
- You have access to the internet to obtain the necessary container images.
-
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
). -
You have installed the
oc-mirror
CLI plugin. - You have created the image set configuration file.
Procedure
Run the
oc mirror
command with the--dry-run
flag to perform a dry run:$ oc mirror --config=./imageset-config.yaml \1 docker://registry.example:5000 \2 --dry-run 3
- 1
- Pass in the image set configuration file that was created. This procedure assumes that it is named
imageset-config.yaml
. - 2
- Specify the mirror registry. Nothing is mirrored to this registry as long as you use the
--dry-run
flag. - 3
- Use the
--dry-run
flag to generate the dry run artifacts and not an actual image set file.
Example output
Checking push permissions for registry.example:5000 Creating directory: oc-mirror-workspace/src/publish Creating directory: oc-mirror-workspace/src/v2 Creating directory: oc-mirror-workspace/src/charts Creating directory: oc-mirror-workspace/src/release-signatures No metadata detected, creating new workspace wrote mirroring manifests to oc-mirror-workspace/operators.1658342351/manifests-redhat-operator-index ... info: Planning completed in 31.48s info: Dry run complete Writing image mapping to oc-mirror-workspace/mapping.txt
Navigate into the workspace directory that was generated:
$ cd oc-mirror-workspace/
Review the
mapping.txt
file that was generated.This file contains a list of all images that would be mirrored.
Review the
pruning-plan.json
file that was generated.This file contains a list of all images that would be pruned from the mirror registry when the image set is published.
NoteThe
pruning-plan.json
file is only generated if your oc-mirror command points to your mirror registry and there are images to be pruned.
3.4.11. Including local OCI Operator catalogs
While mirroring OpenShift Container Platform releases, Operator catalogs, and additional images from a registry to a partially disconnected cluster, you can include Operator catalog images from a local file-based catalog on disk. The local catalog must be in the Open Container Initiative (OCI) format.
The local catalog and its contents are mirrored to your target mirror registry based on the filtering information in the image set configuration file.
When mirroring local OCI catalogs, any OpenShift Container Platform releases or additional images that you want to mirror along with the local OCI-formatted catalog must be pulled from a registry.
You cannot mirror OCI catalogs along with an oc-mirror image set file on disk.
One example use case for using the OCI feature is if you have a CI/CD system building an OCI catalog to a location on disk, and you want to mirror that OCI catalog along with an OpenShift Container Platform release to your mirror registry.
If you used the Technology Preview OCI local catalogs feature for the oc-mirror plugin for OpenShift Container Platform 4.12, you can no longer use the OCI local catalogs feature of the oc-mirror plugin to copy a catalog locally and convert it to OCI format as a first step to mirroring to a fully disconnected cluster.
Prerequisites
- You have access to the internet to obtain the necessary container images.
-
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
). -
You have installed the
oc-mirror
CLI plugin.
Procedure
Create the image set configuration file and adjust the settings as necessary.
The following example image set configuration mirrors an OCI catalog on disk along with an OpenShift Container Platform release and a UBI image from
registry.redhat.io
.kind: ImageSetConfiguration apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 storageConfig: local: path: /home/user/metadata 1 mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.17 2 type: ocp graph: false operators: - catalog: oci:///home/user/oc-mirror/my-oci-catalog 3 targetCatalog: my-namespace/redhat-operator-index 4 packages: - name: aws-load-balancer-operator - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.17 5 packages: - name: rhacs-operator additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi9/ubi:latest 6
- 1
- Set the back-end location to save the image set metadata to. This location can be a registry or local directory. It is required to specify
storageConfig
values. - 2
- Optionally, include an OpenShift Container Platform release to mirror from
registry.redhat.io
. - 3
- Specify the absolute path to the location of the OCI catalog on disk. The path must start with
oci://
when using the OCI feature. - 4
- Optionally, specify an alternative namespace and name to mirror the catalog as.
- 5
- Optionally, specify additional Operator catalogs to pull from a registry.
- 6
- Optionally, specify additional images to pull from a registry.
Run the
oc mirror
command to mirror the OCI catalog to a target mirror registry:$ oc mirror --config=./imageset-config.yaml \ 1 docker://registry.example:5000 2
- 1
- Pass in the image set configuration file. This procedure assumes that it is named
imageset-config.yaml
. - 2
- Specify the registry to mirror the content to. The registry must start with
docker://
. If you specify a top-level namespace for the mirror registry, you must also use this same namespace on subsequent executions.
Optionally, you can specify other flags to adjust the behavior of the OCI feature:
--oci-insecure-signature-policy
- Do not push signatures to the target mirror registry.
--oci-registries-config
Specify the path to a TOML-formatted
registries.conf
file. You can use this to mirror from a different registry, such as a pre-production location for testing, without having to change the image set configuration file. This flag only affects local OCI catalogs, not any other mirrored content.Example registries.conf file
[[registry]] location = "registry.redhat.io:5000" insecure = false blocked = false mirror-by-digest-only = true prefix = "" [[registry.mirror]] location = "preprod-registry.example.com" insecure = false
Next steps
- Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror.
Additional resources
3.4.12. Image set configuration parameters
The oc-mirror plugin requires an image set configuration file that defines what images to mirror. The following table lists the available parameters for the ImageSetConfiguration
resource.
Parameter | Description | Values |
---|---|---|
|
The API version for the |
String. For example: |
| The maximum size, in GiB, of each archive file within the image set. |
Integer. For example: |
| The configuration of the image set. | Object |
| The additional images configuration of the image set. | Array of objects. For example: additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi:latest |
| The tag or digest of the image to mirror. |
String. For example: |
| The full tag, digest, or pattern of images to block from mirroring. |
Array of strings. For example: |
| The helm configuration of the image set. Note that the oc-mirror plugin supports only helm charts that do not require user input when rendered. | Object |
| The local helm charts to mirror. | Array of objects. For example: local: - name: podinfo path: /test/podinfo-5.0.0.tar.gz |
| The name of the local helm chart to mirror. |
String. For example: |
| The path of the local helm chart to mirror. |
String. For example: |
| The remote helm repositories to mirror from. | Array of objects. For example: repositories: - name: podinfo url: https://example.github.io/podinfo charts: - name: podinfo version: 5.0.0 |
| The name of the helm repository to mirror from. |
String. For example: |
| The URL of the helm repository to mirror from. |
String. For example: |
| The remote helm charts to mirror. | Array of objects. |
| The name of the helm chart to mirror. |
String. For example: |
| The version of the named helm chart to mirror. |
String. For example: |
| The Operators configuration of the image set. | Array of objects. For example: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.17 packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator minVersion: '2.4.0' |
| The Operator catalog to include in the image set. |
String. For example: |
|
When |
Boolean. The default value is |
| The Operator packages configuration. | Array of objects. For example: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.17 packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator minVersion: '5.2.3-31' |
| The Operator package name to include in the image set |
String. For example: |
| The Operator package channel configuration. | Object |
| The Operator channel name, unique within a package, to include in the image set. |
String. For example: |
| The highest version of the Operator mirror across all channels in which it exists. See the following note for further information. |
String. For example: |
| The name of the minimum bundle to include, plus all bundles in the update graph to the channel head. Set this field only if the named bundle has no semantic version metadata. |
String. For example: |
| The lowest version of the Operator to mirror across all channels in which it exists. See the following note for further information. |
String. For example: |
| The highest version of the Operator to mirror across all channels in which it exists. See the following note for further information. |
String. For example: |
| The lowest version of the Operator to mirror across all channels in which it exists. See the following note for further information. |
String. For example: |
|
If |
Boolean. The default value is |
| An alternative name and optional namespace hierarchy to mirror the referenced catalog as. |
String. For example: |
| An alternative name to mirror the referenced catalog as.
The |
String. For example: |
|
An alternative tag to append to the |
String. For example: |
| The platform configuration of the image set. | Object |
| The architecture of the platform release payload to mirror. | Array of strings. For example: architectures: - amd64 - arm64 - multi - ppc64le - s390x
The default value is |
| The platform channel configuration of the image set. | Array of objects. For example: channels: - name: stable-4.10 - name: stable-4.17 |
|
When |
Boolean. The default value is |
| The name of the release channel. |
String. For example: |
| The minimum version of the referenced platform to be mirrored. |
String. For example: |
| The highest version of the referenced platform to be mirrored. |
String. For example: |
| Toggles shortest path mirroring or full range mirroring. |
Boolean. The default value is |
| The type of the platform to be mirrored. |
String. For example: |
| Indicates whether the OSUS graph is added to the image set and subsequently published to the mirror. |
Boolean. The default value is |
| The back-end configuration of the image set. | Object |
| The local back-end configuration of the image set. | Object |
| The path of the directory to contain the image set metadata. |
String. For example: |
| The registry back-end configuration of the image set. | Object |
| The back-end registry URI. Can optionally include a namespace reference in the URI. |
String. For example: |
| Optionally skip TLS verification of the referenced back-end registry. |
Boolean. The default value is |
Using the minVersion
and maxVersion
properties to filter for a specific Operator version range can result in a multiple channel heads error. The error message states that there are multiple channel heads
. This is because when the filter is applied, the update graph of the Operator is truncated.
Operator Lifecycle Manager requires that every Operator channel contains versions that form an update graph with exactly one end point, that is, the latest version of the Operator. When the filter range is applied, that graph can turn into two or more separate graphs or a graph that has more than one end point.
To avoid this error, do not filter out the latest version of an Operator. If you still run into the error, depending on the Operator, either the maxVersion
property must be increased or the minVersion
property must be decreased. Because every Operator graph can be different, you might need to adjust these values until the error resolves.
3.4.13. Image set configuration examples
The following ImageSetConfiguration
file examples show the configuration for various mirroring use cases.
Use case: Including the shortest OpenShift Container Platform update path
The following ImageSetConfiguration
file uses a local storage backend and includes all OpenShift Container Platform versions along the shortest update path from the minimum version of 4.11.37
to the maximum version of 4.12.15
.
Example ImageSetConfiguration
file
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: local: path: /home/user/metadata mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.12 minVersion: 4.11.37 maxVersion: 4.12.15 shortestPath: true
Use case: Including all versions of OpenShift Container Platform from a minimum to the latest version for multi-architecture releases
The following ImageSetConfiguration
file uses a registry storage backend and includes all OpenShift Container Platform versions starting at a minimum version of 4.13.4
to the latest version in the channel. On every invocation of oc-mirror with this image set configuration, the latest release of the stable-4.13
channel is evaluated, so running oc-mirror at regular intervals ensures that you automatically receive the latest releases of OpenShift Container Platform images.
By setting the value of platform.architectures
to multi
, you can ensure that the mirroring is supported for multi-architecture releases.
Example ImageSetConfiguration
file
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: registry: imageURL: example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata skipTLS: false mirror: platform: architectures: - "multi" channels: - name: stable-4.13 minVersion: 4.13.4 maxVersion: 4.13.6
Use case: Including Operator versions from a minimum to the latest
The following ImageSetConfiguration
file uses a local storage backend and includes only the Red Hat Advanced Cluster Security for Kubernetes Operator, versions starting at 4.0.1 and later in the stable
channel.
When you specify a minimum or maximum version range, you might not receive all Operator versions in that range.
By default, oc-mirror excludes any versions that are skipped or replaced by a newer version in the Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) specification. Operator versions that are skipped might be affected by a CVE or contain bugs. Use a newer version instead. For more information on skipped and replaced versions, see Creating an update graph with OLM.
To receive all Operator versions in a specified range, you can set the mirror.operators.full
field to true
.
Example ImageSetConfiguration
file
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: local: path: /home/user/metadata mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.17 packages: - name: rhacs-operator channels: - name: stable minVersion: 4.0.1
To specify a maximum version instead of the latest, set the mirror.operators.packages.channels.maxVersion
field.
Use case: Including the Nutanix CSI Operator
The following ImageSetConfiguration
file uses a local storage backend and includes the Nutanix CSI Operator, the OpenShift Update Service (OSUS) graph image, and an additional Red Hat Universal Base Image (UBI).
Example ImageSetConfiguration
file
kind: ImageSetConfiguration apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 storageConfig: registry: imageURL: mylocalregistry/ocp-mirror/openshift4 skipTLS: false mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.11 type: ocp graph: true operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/certified-operator-index:v4.17 packages: - name: nutanixcsioperator channels: - name: stable additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi9/ubi:latest
Use case: Including the default Operator channel
The following ImageSetConfiguration
file includes the stable-5.7
and stable
channels for the OpenShift Elasticsearch Operator. Even if only the packages from the stable-5.7
channel are needed, the stable
channel must also be included in the ImageSetConfiguration
file, because it is the default channel for the Operator. You must always include the default channel for the Operator package even if you do not use the bundles in that channel.
You can find the default channel by running the following command: oc mirror list operators --catalog=<catalog_name> --package=<package_name>
.
Example ImageSetConfiguration
file
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: registry: imageURL: example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata skipTLS: false mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.17 packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator channels: - name: stable-5.7 - name: stable
Use case: Including an entire catalog (all versions)
The following ImageSetConfiguration
file sets the mirror.operators.full
field to true
to include all versions for an entire Operator catalog.
Example ImageSetConfiguration
file
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: registry: imageURL: example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata skipTLS: false mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.17 full: true
Use case: Including an entire catalog (channel heads only)
The following ImageSetConfiguration
file includes the channel heads for an entire Operator catalog.
By default, for each Operator in the catalog, oc-mirror includes the latest Operator version (channel head) from the default channel. If you want to mirror all Operator versions, and not just the channel heads, you must set the mirror.operators.full
field to true
.
This example also uses the targetCatalog
field to specify an alternative namespace and name to mirror the catalog as.
Example ImageSetConfiguration
file
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: registry: imageURL: example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata skipTLS: false mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.17 targetCatalog: my-namespace/my-operator-catalog
Use case: Including arbitrary images and helm charts
The following ImageSetConfiguration
file uses a registry storage backend and includes helm charts and an additional Red Hat Universal Base Image (UBI).
Example ImageSetConfiguration
file
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration archiveSize: 4 storageConfig: registry: imageURL: example.com/mirror/oc-mirror-metadata skipTLS: false mirror: platform: architectures: - "s390x" channels: - name: stable-4.17 operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.17 helm: repositories: - name: redhat-helm-charts url: https://raw.githubusercontent.com/redhat-developer/redhat-helm-charts/master charts: - name: ibm-mongodb-enterprise-helm version: 0.2.0 additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi9/ubi:latest
Use case: Including the upgrade path for EUS releases
The following ImageSetConfiguration
file includes the eus-<version>
channel, where the maxVersion
value is at least two minor versions higher than the minVersion
value.
For example, in this ImageSetConfiguration
file, the minVersion
is set to 4.12.28
, while the maxVersion
for the eus-4.14
channel is 4.14.16
.
Example ImageSetConfiguration
file
kind: ImageSetConfiguration apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v2alpha1 mirror: platform: graph: true # Required for the OSUS Operator architectures: - amd64 channels: - name: stable-4.12 minVersion: '4.12.28' maxVersion: '4.12.28' shortestPath: true type: ocp - name: eus-4.14 minVersion: '4.12.28' maxVersion: '4.14.16' shortestPath: true type: ocp
Use case: Including the multi-arch OpenShift Container Platform images and catalog for multicluster engine Operator
The following ImageSetConfiguration
file includes multicluster engine for Kubernetes Operator and all OpenShift Container Platform versions starting at a minimum version of 4.17.0
in the channel.
Example ImageSetConfiguration
file
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v1alpha2 kind: ImageSetConfiguration storageConfig: registry: imageURL: agent.agent.example.com:5000/openshift/release/metadata:latest/openshift/release/metadata:latest mirror: platform: architectures: - "multi" channels: - name: stable-4.17 minVersion: 4.17.0 maxVersion: 4.17.1 type: ocp operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.17 packages: - name: multicluster-engine
3.4.14. Command reference for oc-mirror
The following tables describe the oc mirror
subcommands and flags:
Subcommand | Description |
---|---|
| Generate the autocompletion script for the specified shell. |
| Output the contents of an image set. |
| Show help about any subcommand. |
| Output an initial image set configuration template. |
| List available platform and Operator content and their version. |
| Output the oc-mirror version. |
Flag | Description |
---|---|
| Specify the path to an image set configuration file. |
| If any non image-pull related error occurs, continue and attempt to mirror as much as possible. |
| Disable TLS validation for the target registry. |
| Use plain HTTP for the target registry. |
|
Print actions without mirroring images. Generates |
| Specify the path to an image set archive that was generated by an execution of oc-mirror to load into a target registry. |
| Show the help. |
| Ignore past mirrors when downloading images and packing layers. Disables incremental mirroring and might download more data. |
|
Generate manifests for |
|
Specify the maximum number of nested paths for destination registries that limit nested paths. The default is |
|
Specify the number of concurrent requests allowed per registry. The default is |
|
Do not push signatures when mirroring local OCI catalogs (with |
|
Provide a registries configuration file to specify an alternative registry location to copy from when mirroring local OCI catalogs (with |
| Skip removal of artifact directories. |
| Do not replace image tags with digest pins in Operator catalogs. |
|
Skip metadata when publishing an image set. This is only recommended when the image set was created with |
| If an image is not found, skip it instead of reporting an error and aborting execution. Does not apply to custom images explicitly specified in the image set configuration. |
| Disable automatic pruning of images from the target mirror registry. |
| Skip digest verification. |
| Disable TLS validation for the source registry. |
| Use plain HTTP for the source registry. |
|
Specify the number for the log level verbosity. Valid values are |
3.4.15. Additional resources
3.5. Mirroring images for a disconnected installation by using the oc-mirror plugin v2
You can run your cluster in a restricted network without direct internet connectivity if you install the cluster from a mirrored set of OpenShift Container Platform container images in a private registry. This registry must be running whenever your cluster is running.
Just as you can use the oc-mirror
OpenShift CLI (oc
) plugin, you can also use oc-mirror plugin v2 to mirror images to a mirror registry in your fully or partially disconnected environments. To download the required images from the official Red Hat registries, you must run oc-mirror plugin v2 from a system with internet connectivity.
oc-mirror plugin v2 is a Technology Preview feature only. Technology Preview features are not supported with Red Hat production service level agreements (SLAs) and might not be functionally complete. Red Hat does not recommend using them in production. These features provide early access to upcoming product features, enabling customers to test functionality and provide feedback during the development process.
For more information about the support scope of Red Hat Technology Preview features, see Technology Preview Features Support Scope.
3.5.1. Prerequisites
You must have a container image registry that supports Docker V2-2 in the location that hosts the OpenShift Container Platform cluster, such as Red Hat Quay.
NoteIf you use Red Hat Quay, use version 3.6 or later with the oc-mirror plugin. See the documentation on Deploying the Red Hat Quay Operator on OpenShift Container Platform (Red Hat Quay documentation). If you need additional assistance selecting and installing a registry, contact your sales representative or Red Hat Support.
- If you do not have an existing solution for a container image registry, OpenShift Container Platform subscribers receive a mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift. This mirror registry is included with your subscription and serves as a small-scale container registry. You can use this registry to mirror the necessary container images of OpenShift Container Platform for disconnected installations.
- Every machine in the provisioned clusters must have access to the mirror registry. If the registry is unreachable, tasks like installation, updating, or routine operations such as workload relocation, might fail. Mirror registries must be operated in a highly available manner, ensuring their availability aligns with the production availability of your OpenShift Container Platform clusters.
High level workflow
The following steps outline the high-level workflow on how to mirror images to a mirror registry by using the oc-mirror plugin v2:
- Create an image set configuration file.
Mirror the image set to the target mirror registry by using one of the following workflows:
Mirror an image set directly to the target mirror registry (mirror to mirror).
-
Mirror an image set to disk (Mirror-to-Disk), transfer the
tar
file to the target environment, then mirror the image set to the target mirror registry (Disk-to-Mirror).
-
Mirror an image set to disk (Mirror-to-Disk), transfer the
- Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by the oc-mirror plugin v2.
- Repeat these steps to update your target mirror registry as necessary.
3.5.2. About oc-mirror plugin v2
The oc-mirror OpenShift CLI (oc
) plugin is a single tool that mirrors all required OpenShift Container Platform content and other images to your mirror registry.
To use the new Technology Preview version of oc-mirror, add the --v2
flag to the oc-mirror plugin v2 command line.
oc-mirror plugin v2 has the following features:
- Verifies that the complete image set specified in the image set config is mirrored to the mirrored registry, regardless of whether the images were previously mirrored or not.
- Uses a cache system instead of metadata.
- Maintains minimal archive sizes by incorporating only new images into the archive.
- Generates mirroring archives with content selected by mirroring date.
-
Can generate
ImageDigestMirrorSet
(IDMS),ImageTagMirrorSet
(ITMS), instead ofImageContentSourcePolicy
(ICSP) for the full image set, rather than just for the incremental changes. - Saves filter Operator versions by bundle name.
-
Does not perform automatic pruning. V2 now has a
Delete
feature, which grants users more control over deleting images. -
Introduces support for
registries.conf
. This change facilitates mirroring to multiple enclaves while using the same cache.
3.5.2.1. oc-mirror plugin v2 compatibility and support
The oc-mirror plugin v2 is supported for OpenShift Container Platform.
On aarch64
, ppc64le
, and s390x
architectures the oc-mirror plugin v2 is supported only for OpenShift Container Platform versions 4.14 and later.
Use the latest available version of the oc-mirror plugin v2 regardless of which versions of OpenShift Container Platform you need to mirror.
3.5.3. Preparing your mirror hosts
To use the oc-mirror plugin v2 for image mirroring, you need to install the plugin and create a file with credentials for container images, enabling you to mirror from Red Hat to your mirror.
3.5.3.1. Installing the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI plugin
Install the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI plugin to manage image sets in disconnected environments.
Prerequisites
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
). If you are mirroring image sets in a fully disconnected environment, ensure the following:- You have installed the oc-mirror plugin on the host that has internet access.
- The host in the disconnected environment has access to the target mirror registry.
-
You have set the
umask
parameter to0022
on the operating system that uses oc-mirror. - You have installed the correct binary for the RHEL version that you are using.
Procedure
Download the oc-mirror CLI plugin.
- Navigate to the Downloads page of the OpenShift Cluster Manager.
- Under the OpenShift disconnected installation tools section, click Download for OpenShift Client (oc) mirror plugin and save the file.
Extract the archive:
$ tar xvzf oc-mirror.tar.gz
If necessary, update the plugin file to be executable:
$ chmod +x oc-mirror
NoteDo not rename the
oc-mirror
file.Install the oc-mirror CLI plugin by placing the file in your
PATH
, for example,/usr/local/bin
:$ sudo mv oc-mirror /usr/local/bin/.
Verification
Verify that the plugin for oc-mirror v2 is successfully installed by running the following command:
$ oc mirror --v2 --help
3.5.3.2. Configuring credentials that allow images to be mirrored
Create a container image registry credentials file that enables you to mirror images from Red Hat to your mirror.
Do not use this image registry credentials file as the pull secret when you install a cluster. If you provide this file when you install cluster, all of the machines in the cluster will have write access to your mirror registry.
This process requires that you have write access to a container image registry on the mirror registry and adds the credentials to a registry pull secret.
Prerequisites
- You configured a mirror registry to use in your disconnected environment.
- You identified an image repository location on your mirror registry to mirror images into.
- You provisioned a mirror registry account that allows images to be uploaded to that image repository.
Procedure
Complete the following steps on the installation host:
-
Download your
registry.redhat.io
pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. Make a copy of your pull secret in JSON format:
$ cat ./pull-secret | jq . > <path>/<pull_secret_file_in_json> 1
- 1
- Specify the path to the folder to store the pull secret in and a name for the JSON file that you create.
The contents of the file resemble the following example:
{ "auths": { "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } }
-
Save the file as
$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/containers/auth.json
. Generate the base64-encoded user name and password or token for your mirror registry:
$ echo -n '<user_name>:<password>' | base64 -w0 1 BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=
- 1
- For
<user_name>
and<password>
, specify the user name and password that you configured for your registry.
Edit the JSON file and add a section that describes your registry to it:
"auths": { "<mirror_registry>": { 1 "auth": "<credentials>", 2 "email": "you@example.com" } },
The file resembles the following example:
{ "auths": { "registry.example.com": { "auth": "BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=", "email": "you@example.com" }, "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } }
3.5.4. Mirroring an image set to a mirror registry
Mirroring an image set to a mirror registry ensures that the required images are available in a secure and controlled environment, facilitating smoother deployments, updates, and maintenance tasks.
3.5.4.1. Building the image set configuration
The oc-mirror plugin v2 uses the image set configuration as the input file to determine the required images for mirroring.
Example for the ImageSetConfiguration
input file
kind: ImageSetConfiguration apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v2alpha1 mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.13 minVersion: 4.13.10 maxVersion: 4.13.10 graph: true operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.15 packages: - name: aws-load-balancer-operator - name: 3scale-operator - name: node-observability-operator additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi:latest - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi9/ubi@sha256:20f695d2a91352d4eaa25107535126727b5945bff38ed36a3e59590f495046f0
3.5.4.2. Mirroring an image set in a partially disconnected environment
You can mirror image sets to a registry using the oc-mirror plugin v2 in environments with restricted internet access.
Prerequisites
- You have access to the internet and the mirror registry in the environment where you are running the oc-mirror plugin v2.
Procedure
Mirror the images from the specified image set configuration to a specified registry by running the following command:
$ oc mirror -c isc.yaml --workspace file://<file_path> docker://<mirror_registry_url> --v2 1
- 1
- Specify the URL or address of the mirror registry where the images are stored and from which they need to be deleted.
Verification
-
Navigate to the
cluster-resources
directory within theworking-dir
directory that was generated in the<file_path>
directory. -
Verify that the YAML files are present for the
ImageDigestMirrorSet
,ImageTagMirrorSet
andCatalogSource
resources.
Next steps
- Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror plugin v2.
3.5.4.3. Mirroring an image set in a fully disconnected environment
You can mirror image sets in a fully disconnected environment where the OpenShift Container Platform cluster cannot access the public internet.
- Mirror to disk: Prepare an archive containing the image set for mirroring. Internet access is required.
- Manual step: Transfer the archive to the network of the disconnected mirror registry.
- Disk to mirror: To mirror the image set from the archive to the target disconnected registry, run oc-mirror plugin v2 from the environment that has access to the mirror registry.
3.5.4.3.1. Mirroring from mirror to disk
You can use the oc-mirror plugin v2 to generate an image set and save the content to disk. You can then transfer the generated image set can to the disconnected environment and mirrored to the target registry.
oc-mirror plugin v2 retrieves the container images from the source specified in the image set configuration and packs them into a tar archive in a local directory.
Procedure
Mirror the images from the specified image set configuration to the disk by running the following command:
$ oc mirror -c isc.yaml file://<file_path> --v2 1
- 1
- Add the required file path.
Verification
-
Navigate to the
<file_path>
directory that was generated. - Verify that the archive files have been generated.
Next steps
- Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror plugin v2.
3.5.4.3.2. Mirroring from disk to mirror
You can use the oc-mirror
plugin v2 to mirror image sets from a disk to a target mirror registry.
The oc-mirror
plugin v2 retrieves container images from a local disk and transfers them to the specified mirror registry.
Procedure
Process the image set file on the disk and mirror the contents to a target mirror registry by running the following command:
$ oc mirror -c isc.yaml --from file://<file_path> docker://<mirror_registry_url> --v2 1
- 1
- Specify the URL or address of the mirror registry where the images are stored and from which they need to be deleted.
Verification
-
Navigate to the
cluster-resources
directory within theworking-dir
directory that was generated in the<file_path>
directory. -
Verify that the YAML files are present for the
ImageDigestMirrorSet
,ImageTagMirrorSet
andCatalogSource
resources.
Next steps
- Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror plugin v2.
3.5.5. Additional resources
3.5.6. About custom resources generated by v2
With oc-mirror plugin v2, ImageDigestMirrorSet
(IDMS) and ImageTagMirrorSet
(ITMS) are generated by default if at least one image is found to which a tag refers. These sets contain mirrors for images referenced by digest or tag in releases, Operator catalogs and additional images.
The ImageDigestMirrorSet
(IDMS) links the mirror registry to the source registry and forwards image pull requests using digest specifications. The ImagetagMirrorSet
(ITMS) resource, however, redirects image pull requests by using image tags.
Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) uses the CatalogSource
resource to retrieve information about the available Operators in the mirror registry.
The OSUS service uses the UpdateService
resource to provide Cincinnati graph to the disconnected environment.
3.5.6.1. Configuring your cluster to use the resources generated by oc-mirror plugin v2
After you have mirrored your image set to the mirror registry, you must apply the generated ImageDigestMirrorSet
(IDMS), ImageTagMirrorSet
(ITMS), CatalogSource
, and UpdateService
to the cluster.
In oc-mirror plugin v2, the IDMS and ITMS files cover the entire image set, unlike the ICSP files in oc-mirror plugin v1. Therefore, the IDMS and ITMS files contain all images of the set even if you only add new images during incremental mirroring.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role.
Procedure
Apply the YAML files from the results directory to the cluster by running the following command:
$ oc apply -f <path_to_oc-mirror_workspace>/working-dir/cluster-resources
Verification
Verify that the
ImageDigestMirrorSet
resources are successfully installed by running the following command:$ oc get imagedigestmirrorset
Verify that the
ImageTagMirrorSet
resources are successfully installed by running the following command:$ oc get imagetagmirrorset
Verify that the
CatalogSource
resources are successfully installed by running the following command:$ oc get catalogsource -n openshift-marketplace
3.5.7. Deletion of images from your disconnected environment
Before you can use oc-mirror plugin v2, you must delete previously deployed images. oc-mirror plugin v2 no longer performs automatic pruning.
You must create the DeleteImageSetConfiguration
file to delete image configuration when using oc-mirror plugin v2. This prevents accidentally deleting necessary or deployed images when making changes with ImageSetConfig.yaml
.
In the following example, DeleteImageSetConfiguration
removes the following:
- All images of OpenShift Container Platform release 4.13.3.
-
The catalog image
redhat-operator-index
v4.12
. -
The
aws-load-balancer-operator
v0.0.1 bundle and all its related images. -
The additional images
ubi
andubi-minimal
referenced by their corresponding digests.
Example: DeleteImageSetConfig
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v2alpha1 kind: DeleteImageSetConfiguration delete: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.13 minVersion: 4.13.3 maxVersion: 4.13.3 operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.12 packages: - name: aws-load-balancer-operator minVersion: 0.0.1 maxVersion: 0.0.1 additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi@sha256:bce7e9f69fb7d4533447232478fd825811c760288f87a35699f9c8f030f2c1a6 - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi-minimal@sha256:8bedbe742f140108897fb3532068e8316900d9814f399d676ac78b46e740e34e
Consider using the mirror-to-disk and disk-to-mirror workflows to reduce mirroring issues.
In the image delete workflow, oc-mirror plugin v2 deletes only the manifests of the images, which does not reduce the storage occupied in the registry.
To free up storage space from unnecessary images, such as those with deleted manifests, you must enable the garbage collector on your container registry. With the garbage collector enabled, the registry will delete the image blobs that no longer have references to any manifests, thereby reducing the storage previously occupied by the deleted blobs. Enabling the garbage collector differs depending on your container registry.
To skip deleting the Operator catalog image when deleting images, you must list the specific Operators under the Operator catalog image in the DeleteImageSetConfiguration
file. This ensures that only the specified Operators are deleted, not the catalog image.
If only the Operator catalog image is specified, all Operators within that catalog, as well as the catalog image itself, will be deleted.
3.5.7.1. Deleting the images from disconnected environment
To delete images from a disconnected environment using the oc-mirror plugin v2, follow the procedure.
Procedure
Create a YAML file that deletes previous images:
$ oc mirror delete --config delete-image-set-config.yaml --workspace file://<previously_mirrored_work_folder> --v2 --generate docker://<remote_registry>
Where:
-
<previously_mirrored_work_folder>
: Use the directory where images were previously mirrored or stored during the mirroring process. -
<remote_registry>
: Insert the URL or address of the remote container registry from which images will be deleted.
-
-
Go to the
<previously_mirrored_work_folder>/delete directory
that was created. -
Verify that the
delete-images.yaml
file has been generated. - Manually ensure that each image listed in the file is no longer needed by the cluster and can be safely removed from the registry.
After you generate the
delete
YAML file, delete the images from the remote registry:$ oc mirror delete --v2 --delete-yaml-file <previously_mirrored_work_folder>/working-dir/delete/delete-images.yaml docker://<remote_registry>
Where:
<previously_mirrored_work_folder>
: Specify your previously mirrored work folder.ImportantWhen using the mirror-to-mirror procedure, images are not cached locally, so you cannot delete images from a local cache.
3.5.8. Verifying your selected images for mirroring
You can use oc-mirror plugin v2 to perform a test run (dry run) that does not actually mirror any images. This enables you to review the list of images that would be mirrored. You can also use a dry run to catch any errors with your image set configuration early. When running a dry run on a mirror-to-disk workflow, the oc-mirror plugin v2 checks if all the images within the image set are available in its cache. Any missing images are listed in the missing.txt
file. When a dry run is performed before mirroring, both missing.txt
and mapping.txt
files contain the same list of images.
3.5.8.1. Performing dry run for oc-mirror plugin v2
Verify your image set configuration by performing a dry run without mirroring any images. This ensures your setup is correct and prevents unintended changes.
Procedure
To perform a test run, run the
oc mirror
command and append the--dry-run
argument to the command:$ oc mirror -c <image_set_config_yaml> --from file://<oc_mirror_workspace_path> docker://<mirror_registry_url> --dry-run --v2
Where:
-
<image_set_config_yaml>
: Use the image set configuration file that you just created. -
<oc_mirror_workspace_path>
: Insert the address of the workspace path. <mirror_registry_url>
: Insert the URL or address of the remote container registry from which images will be deleted.Example output
$ oc mirror --config /tmp/isc_dryrun.yaml file://<oc_mirror_workspace_path> --dry-run --v2 [INFO] : :warning: --v2 flag identified, flow redirected to the oc-mirror v2 version. This is Tech Preview, it is still under development and it is not production ready. [INFO] : :wave: Hello, welcome to oc-mirror [INFO] : :gear: setting up the environment for you... [INFO] : :twisted_rightwards_arrows: workflow mode: mirrorToDisk [INFO] : :sleuth_or_spy: going to discover the necessary images... [INFO] : :mag: collecting release images... [INFO] : :mag: collecting operator images... [INFO] : :mag: collecting additional images... [WARN] : :warning: 54/54 images necessary for mirroring are not available in the cache. [WARN] : List of missing images in : CLID-19/working-dir/dry-run/missing.txt. please re-run the mirror to disk process [INFO] : :page_facing_up: list of all images for mirroring in : CLID-19/working-dir/dry-run/mapping.txt [INFO] : mirror time : 9.641091076s [INFO] : :wave: Goodbye, thank you for using oc-mirror
-
Verification
Navigate to the workspace directory that was generated:
$ cd <oc_mirror_workspace_path>
-
Review the
mapping.txt
andmissing.txt
files that were generated. These files contain a list of all images that would be mirrored.
3.5.8.2. Troubleshooting oc-mirror plugin v2 errors
oc-mirror plugin v2 now logs all image mirroring errors in a separate file, making it easier to track and diagnose failures.
When errors occur while mirroring release or release component images, they are critical. This stops the mirroring process immediately.
Errors with mirroring Operators, Operator-related images, or additional images do not stop the mirroring process. Mirroring continues, and oc-mirror plugin v2 logs updates every 8 images.
When an image fails to mirror, and that image is mirrored as part of one or more Operator bundles, oc-mirror plugin v2 notifies the user which Operators are incomplete, providing clarity on the Operator bundles affected by the error.
Procedure
Check for server-related issues:
Example error
[ERROR] : [Worker] error mirroring image localhost:55000/openshift/graph-image:latest error: copying image 1/4 from manifest list: trying to reuse blob sha256:edab65b863aead24e3ed77cea194b6562143049a9307cd48f86b542db9eecb6e at destination: pinging container registry localhost:5000: Get "https://localhost:5000/v2/": http: server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client
-
Open the
mirroring_error_date_time.log
file in theworking-dir/logs
folder located in the oc-mirror plugin v2 output directory. -
Look for error messages that typically indicate server-side issues, such as
HTTP 500
errors, expired tokens, or timeouts. - Retry the mirroring process or contact support if the issue persists.
-
Open the
Check for incomplete mirroring of Operators:
Example error
error mirroring image docker://registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/zync-rhel9@sha256:8bb6b31e108d67476cc62622f20ff8db34efae5d58014de9502336fcc479d86d (Operator bundles: [3scale-operator.v0.11.12] - Operators: [3scale-operator]) error: initializing source docker://localhost:55000/3scale-amp2/zync-rhel9:8bb6b31e108d67476cc62622f20ff8db34efae5d58014de9502336fcc479d86d: reading manifest 8bb6b31e108d67476cc62622f20ff8db34efae5d58014de9502336fcc479d86d in localhost:55000/3scale-amp2/zync-rhel9: manifest unknown error mirroring image docker://registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/3scale-rhel7-operator-metadata@sha256:de0a70d1263a6a596d28bf376158056631afd0b6159865008a7263a8e9bf0c7d error: skipping operator bundle docker://registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/3scale-rhel7-operator-metadata@sha256:de0a70d1263a6a596d28bf376158056631afd0b6159865008a7263a8e9bf0c7d because one of its related images failed to mirror error mirroring image docker://registry.redhat.io/3scale-amp2/system-rhel7@sha256:fe77272021867cc6b6d5d0c9bd06c99d4024ad53f1ab94ec0ab69d0fda74588e (Operator bundles: [3scale-operator.v0.11.12] - Operators: [3scale-operator]) error: initializing source docker://localhost:55000/3scale-amp2/system-rhel7:fe77272021867cc6b6d5d0c9bd06c99d4024ad53f1ab94ec0ab69d0fda74588e: reading manifest fe77272021867cc6b6d5d0c9bd06c99d4024ad53f1ab94ec0ab69d0fda74588e in localhost:55000/3scale-amp2/system-rhel7: manifest unknown
Check for warnings in the console or log file indicating which Operators are incomplete.
If an Operator is flagged as incomplete, the image related to that Operator likely failed to mirror.
- Manually mirror the missing image or retry the mirroring process.
Check for errors related to generated cluster resources. Even if some images fail to mirror, oc-mirror v2 will still generate cluster resources such as
IDMS.yaml
andITMS.yaml
files for the successfully mirrored images.- Check the output directory for the generated files.
- If these files are missing for specific images, ensure that no critical errors occurred for those images during the mirroring process.
By following these steps, you can better diagnose issues and ensure smoother mirroring.
3.5.9. Benefits of enclave support
Enclave support restricts internal access to a specific part of a network. Unlike a demilitarized zone (DMZ) network, which allows inbound and outbound traffic access through firewall boundaries, enclaves do not cross firewall boundaries.
Enclave Support is a Technology Preview feature only. Technology Preview features are not supported with Red Hat production service level agreements (SLAs) and might not be functionally complete. Red Hat does not recommend using them in production. These features provide early access to upcoming product features, enabling customers to test functionality and provide feedback during the development process.
For more information about the support scope of Red Hat Technology Preview features, see Technology Preview Features Support Scope.
The new enclave support functionality is for scenarios where mirroring is needed for multiple enclaves that are secured behind at least one intermediate disconnected network.
Enclave support has the following benefits:
- You can mirror content for multiple enclaves and centralize it in a single internal registry. Because some customers want to run security checks on the mirrored content, with this setup they can run these checks all at once. The content is then vetted before being mirrored to downstream enclaves.
- You can mirror content directly from the centralized internal registry to enclaves without restarting the mirroring process from the internet for each enclave.
- You can minimize data transfer between network stages, so to ensure that a blob or image is transferred only once from one stage to another.
3.5.9.1. Enclave mirroring workflow
The previous image outlines the flow for using the oc-mirror plugin in different environments, including environments with and without an internet connection.
Environment with Internet Connection:
- The user executes oc-mirror plugin v2 to mirror content from an online registry to a local disk directory.
- The mirrored content is saved to the disk for transfer to offline environments.
Disconnected Enterprise Environment (No Internet):
Flow 1:
-
The user runs oc-mirror plugin v2 to load the mirrored content from the disk directory, which was transferred from the online environment, into the
enterprise-registry.in
registry.
-
The user runs oc-mirror plugin v2 to load the mirrored content from the disk directory, which was transferred from the online environment, into the
Flow 2:
-
After updating the
registries.conf
file, the user executes the oc-mirror plugin v2 to mirror content from theenterprise-registry.in
registry to an enclave environment. - The content is saved to a disk directory for transfer to the enclave.
-
After updating the
Enclave Environment (No Internet):
-
The user runs oc-mirror plugin v2 to load content from the disk directory into the
enclave-registry.in
registry.
The image visually represents the data flow across these environments and emphasizes the use of oc-mirror to handle disconnected and enclave environments without an internet connection.
3.5.9.2. Mirroring to an enclave
When you mirror to an enclave, you must first transfer the necessary images from one or more enclaves into the enterprise central registry.
The central registry is situated within a secure network, specifically a disconnected environment, and is not directly linked to the public internet. But the user must execute oc mirror
in an environment with access to the public internet.
Procedure
Before running oc-mirror plugin v2 in the disconnected environment, create a
registries.conf
file. The TOML format of the file is described in this specification:NoteIt is recommended to store the file under
$HOME/.config/containers/registries.conf
or/etc/containers/registries.conf
.Example
registries.conf
[[registry]] location="registry.redhat.io" [[registry.mirror]] location="<enterprise-registry.in>" [[registry]] location="quay.io" [[registry.mirror]] location="<enterprise-registry.in>"
Generate a mirror archive.
To collect all the OpenShift Container Platform content into an archive on the disk under
<file_path>/enterprise-content
, run the following command:$ oc mirror --v2 -c isc.yaml file://<file_path>/enterprise-content
Example of isc.yaml
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v2alpha1 kind: ImageSetConfiguration mirror: platform: architectures: - "amd64" channels: - name: stable-4.15 minVersion: 4.15.0 maxVersion: 4.15.3
After the archive is generated, it is transferred to the disconnected environment. The transport mechanism is not part of oc-mirror plugin v2. The enterprise network administrators determine the transfer strategy.
In some cases, the transfer is done manually, in that the disk is physically unplugged from one location, and plugged to another computer in the disconnected environment. In other cases, the Secure File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) or other protocols are used.
After the transfer of the archive is done, you can execute oc-mirror plugin v2 again in order to mirror the relevant archive contents to the registry (
entrerpise_registry.in
in the example) as demonstrated in the following example:$ oc mirror --v2 -c isc.yaml --from file://<disconnected_environment_file_path>/enterprise-content docker://<enterprise_registry.in>/
Where:
-
--from
points to the folder containing the archive. It starts with thefile://
. -
docker://
is the destination of the mirroring is the final argument. Because it is a docker registry. -
-c
(--config
) is a mandatory argument. It enables oc-mirror plugin v2 to eventually mirror only sub-parts of the archive to the registry. One archive might contain several OpenShift Container Platform releases, but the disconnected environment or an enclave might mirror only a few.
-
Prepare the
imageSetConfig
YAML file, which describes the content to mirror to the enclave:Example isc-enclave.yaml
apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v2alpha1 kind: ImageSetConfiguration mirror: platform: architectures: - "amd64" channels: - name: stable-4.15 minVersion: 4.15.2 maxVersion: 4.15.2
You must run oc-mirror plugin v2 on a machine with access to the disconnected registry. In the previous example, the disconnected environment,
enterprise-registry.in
, is accessible.Update the graph URL
If you are using
graph:true
, oc-mirror plugin v2 attempts to reach thecincinnati
API endpoint. Because this environment is disconnected, be sure to export the environment variableUPDATE_URL_OVERRIDE
to refer to the URL for the OpenShift Update Service (OSUS):$ export UPDATE_URL_OVERRIDE=https://<osus.enterprise.in>/graph
For more information on setting up OSUS on an OpenShift cluster, see "Updating a cluster in a disconnected environment using the OpenShift Update Service".
When upgrading OpenShift Container Platform Extended Update Support (EUS) versions, an intermediate version might be required between the current and target versions. For example, if the current version is 4.14
and target version is 4.16
, you might need to include a version such as 4.15.8
in the ImageSetConfiguration
when using the oc-mirror plugin v2.
The oc-mirror plugin v2 might not always detect this automatically, so check the Cincinnati graph web page to confirm any required intermediate versions and add them manually to your configuration.
Generate a mirror archive from the enterprise registry for the enclave.
To prepare an archive for the
enclave1
, the user executes oc-mirror plugin v2 in the enterprise disconnected environment by using theimageSetConfiguration
specific for that enclave. This ensures that only images needed by that enclave are mirrored:$ oc mirror --v2 -c isc-enclave.yaml file:///disk-enc1/
This action collects all the OpenShift Container Platform content into an archive and generates an archive on disk.
-
After the archive is generated, it will be transferred to the
enclave1
network. The transport mechanism is not the responsibility of oc-mirror plugin v2. Mirror contents to the enclave registry
After the transfer of the archive is done, the user can execute oc-mirror plugin v2 again in order to mirror the relevant archive contents to the registry.
$ oc mirror --v2 -c isc-enclave.yaml --from file://local-disk docker://registry.enc1.in
The administrators of the OpenShift Container Platform cluster in
enclave1
are now ready to install or upgrade that cluster.
3.5.10. How filtering works in the operator catalog
oc-mirror plugin v2 selects the list of bundles for mirroring by processing the information in imageSetConfig
.
When oc-mirror plugin v2 selects bundles for mirroring, it does not infer Group Version Kind (GVK) or bundle dependencies, omitting them from the mirroring set. Instead, it strictly adheres to the user instructions. You must explicitly specify any required dependent packages and their versions.
Bundle versions typically use semantic versioning standards (SemVer), and you can sort bundles within a channel by version. You can select buncles that fall within a specific range in the ImageSetConfig
.
This selection algorithm ensures consistent outcomes compared to oc-mirror plugin v1. However, it does not include upgrade graph details, such as replaces
, skip
, and skipRange
. This approach differs from the OLM algorithm. It might mirror more bundles than necessary for upgrading a cluster because of potentially shorter upgrade paths between the minVersion
and maxVersion
.
ImageSetConfig operator filtering | Expected bundle versions |
---|---|
Scenario 1 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.10 | For each package in the catalog, 1 bundle, corresponding to the head version of the default channel for that package. |
Scenario 2 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.10 full: true | All bundles of all channels of the specified catalog |
Scenario 3 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.10 packages: - name: compliance-operator | One bundle, corresponding to the head version of the default channel for that package |
Scenario 4 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.10 full: true - packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator | All bundles of all channels for the packages specified |
Scenario 5 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.15 packages: - name: compliance-operator minVersion: 5.6.0 |
All bundles in the default channel, from the |
Scenario 6 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.15 packages: - name: compliance-operator maxVersion: 6.0.0 |
All bundles in the default channel that are lower than the |
Scenario 7 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.15 packages: - name: compliance-operator minVersion: 5.6.0 maxVersion: 6.0.0 |
All bundles in the default channel, between the |
Scenario 8 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.15 packages: - name: compliance-operator channels - name: stable | The head bundle for the selected channel of that package. |
Scenario 9 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.10 full: true - packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator channels: - name: 'stable-v0' | All bundles for the specified packages and channels. |
Scenario 10 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.15 packages: - name: compliance-operator channels - name: stable - name: stable-5.5 | The head bundle for each selected channel of that package. |
Scenario 11 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.15 packages: - name: compliance-operator channels - name: stable minVersion: 5.6.0 |
Within the selected channel of that package, all versions starting with the |
Scenario 12 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.15 packages: - name: compliance-operator channels - name: stable maxVersion: 6.0.0 |
Within the selected channel of that package, all versions up to the |
Scenario 13 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.15 packages: - name: compliance-operator channels - name: stable minVersion: 5.6.0 maxVersion: 6.0.0 |
Within the selected channel of that package, all versions between the |
Scenario 14 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.14 packages: - name: aws-load-balancer-operator bundles: - name: aws-load-balancer-operator.v1.1.0 - name: 3scale-operator bundles: - name: 3scale-operator.v0.10.0-mas | Only the bundles specified for each package are included in the filtering. |
Scenario 15 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.15 packages: - name: compliance-operator channels - name: stable minVersion: 5.6.0 maxVersion: 6.0.0 |
Do not use this scenario. filtering by channel and by package with a |
Scenario 16 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.15 packages: - name: compliance-operator channels - name: stable minVersion: 5.6.0 maxVersion: 6.0.0 |
Do not use this scenario. You cannot filter using |
Scenario 17 mirror: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.15 full: true packages: - name: compliance-operator channels - name: stable minVersion: 5.6.0 maxVersion: 6.0.0 |
Do not use this scenario. You cannot filter using |
3.5.11. ImageSet
configuration parameters for oc-mirror plugin v2
The oc-mirror plugin v2 requires an image set configuration file that defines what images to mirror. The following table lists the available parameters for the ImageSetConfiguration
resource.
Using the minVersion
and maxVersion
properties to filter for a specific Operator version range can result in a multiple channel heads error. The error message states that there are multiple channel heads
. This is because when the filter is applied, the update graph of the Operator is truncated.
OLM requires that every Operator channel contains versions that form an update graph with exactly one end point, that is, the latest version of the Operator. When the filter range is applied, that graph can turn into two or more separate graphs or a graph that has more than one end point.
To avoid this error, do not filter out the latest version of an Operator. If you still run into the error, depending on the Operator, either the maxVersion
property must be increased or the minVersion
property must be decreased. Because every Operator graph can be different, you might need to adjust these values until the error resolves.
Parameter | Description | Values |
---|---|---|
|
The API version of the |
String Example: |
| The maximum size, in GiB, of each archive file within the image set. |
Integer Example: |
|
When set to |
Boolean Example apiVersion: mirror.openshift.io/v2alpha1 kind: ImageSetConfiguration mirror: platform: channels: - name: stable-4.16 minVersion: 4.16.0 maxVersion: 4.16.0 kubeVirtContainer: true |
| The configuration of the image set. | Object |
| The additional images configuration of the image set. | Array of objects Example: additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi:latest |
| The tag or digest of the image to mirror. |
String Example: |
| The full tag, digest, or pattern of images to block from mirroring. |
Array of strings Example: |
| The Operators configuration of the image set. | Array of objects Example: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:4.17 packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator minVersion: '2.4.0' |
| The Operator catalog to include in the image set. |
String Example: |
|
When |
Boolean The default value is |
| The Operator packages configuration. | Array of objects Example: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:4.17 packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator minVersion: '5.2.3-31' |
| The Operator package name to include in the image set. |
String Example: |
| Operator package channel configuration | Object |
| The Operator channel name, unique within a package, to include in the image set. |
String Eample: |
| The highest version of the Operator mirror across all channels in which it exists. |
String Example: |
| The lowest version of the Operator to mirror across all channels in which it exists |
String Example: |
| The highest version of the Operator to mirror across all channels in which it exists. |
String Example: |
| The lowest version of the Operator to mirror across all channels in which it exists. |
String Example: |
| Selected bundles configuration | Array of objects Example: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:4.17 packages: - name: 3scale-operator bundles: - name: 3scale-operator.v0.10.0-mas |
| Name of the bundle selected for mirror (as it appears in the catalog). |
String Example : |
| An alternative name and optional namespace hierarchy to mirror the referenced catalog as |
String Example: |
| Path on disk for a template to use to complete catalogSource custom resource generated by oc-mirror plugin v2. |
String Example: apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: CatalogSource metadata: name: discarded namespace: openshift-marketplace spec: image: discarded sourceType: grpc updateStrategy: registryPoll: interval: 30m0s |
|
An alternative tag to append to the |
String Example: |
| The platform configuration of the image set. | Object |
| The architecture of the platform release payload to mirror. | Array of strings Example: architectures: - amd64 - arm64 - multi - ppc64le - s390x
The default value is |
| The platform channel configuration of the image set. | Array of objects Example: channels: - name: stable-4.12 - name: stable-4.17 |
|
When |
Boolean The default value is |
| Name of the release channel |
String Example: |
| The minimum version of the referenced platform to be mirrored. |
String Example: |
| The highest version of the referenced platform to be mirrored. |
String Example: |
| Toggles shortest path mirroring or full range mirroring. |
Boolean The default value is |
| Type of the platform to be mirrored |
String Example: |
| Indicates whether the OSUS graph is added to the image set and subsequently published to the mirror. |
Boolean The default value is |
3.5.11.1. Delete ImageSet
Configuration parameters
To use the oc-mirror plugin v2, you must have delete image set configuration file that defines which images to delete from the mirror registry. The following table lists the available parameters for the DeleteImageSetConfiguration
resource.
Parameter | Description | Values |
---|---|---|
|
The API version for the |
String Example: |
| The configuration of the image set to delete. | Object |
| The additional images configuration of the delete image set. | Array of objects Example: additionalImages: - name: registry.redhat.io/ubi8/ubi:latest |
| The tag or digest of the image to delete. |
String Example: |
| The Operators configuration of the delete image set. | Array of objects Example: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:{product-version} packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator minVersion: '2.4.0' |
| The Operator catalog to include in the delete image set. |
String Example: |
| When true, deletes the full catalog, Operator package, or Operator channel. |
Boolean The default value is |
| Operator packages configuration | Array of objects Example: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:{product-version} packages: - name: elasticsearch-operator minVersion: '5.2.3-31' |
| The Operator package name to include in the delete image set. |
String Example: |
| Operator package channel configuration | Object |
| The Operator channel name, unique within a package, to include in the delete image set. |
String Example: |
| The highest version of the Operator to delete within the selected channel. |
String Example: |
| The lowest version of the Operator to delete within the selection in which it exists. |
String Example: |
| The highest version of the Operator to delete across all channels in which it exists. |
String Example: |
| The lowest version of the Operator to delete across all channels in which it exists. |
String Example: |
| The selected bundles configuration | Array of objects You cannot choose both channels and bundles for the same operator. Example: operators: - catalog: registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:{product-version} packages: - name: 3scale-operator bundles: - name: 3scale-operator.v0.10.0-mas |
| Name of the bundle selected to delete (as it is displayed in the catalog) |
String Example : |
| The platform configuration of the image set | Object |
| The architecture of the platform release payload to delete. | Array of strings Example: architectures: - amd64 - arm64 - multi - ppc64le - s390x
The default value is |
| The platform channel configuration of the image set. | Array of objects Example: channels: - name: stable-4.12 - name: stable-4.17 |
|
When |
Boolean The default value is |
| Name of the release channel |
String Example: |
| The minimum version of the referenced platform to be deleted. |
String Example: |
| The highest version of the referenced platform to be deleted. |
String Example: |
| Toggles between deleting the shortest path and deleting the full range. |
Boolean The default value is |
| Type of the platform to be deleted |
String Example: |
| Determines whether the OSUS graph is deleted as well on the mirror registry as well. |
Boolean The default value is |
3.5.12. Command reference for oc-mirror plugin v2
The following tables describe the oc mirror
subcommands and flags for oc-mirror plugin v2:
Subcommand | Description |
---|---|
| Show help about any subcommand |
| Output the oc-mirror version |
| Deletes images in remote registry and local cache. |
Flag | Description |
---|---|
|
Displays the string path of the authentication file. Default is |
| Specifies the path to an image set configuration file. |
| Requires HTTPS and verifies certificates when accessing the container registry or daemon. |
| Prints actions without mirroring images |
| Specifies the path to an image set archive that was generated by executing oc-mirror plugin v2 to load a target registry. |
| Displays help |
|
Displays string log levels. Supported values include info, debug, trace, error. The default is |
|
Determines the HTTP port used by oc-mirror plugin v2 local storage instance. The default is |
|
Specifies the maximum number of nested paths for destination registries that limit nested paths. The default is |
|
Default value is |
|
Includes all new content since a specified date (format: |
| Requires HTTPS and verifies certificates when accessing the container registry or daemon. |
|
Default value is |
| Displays the version for oc-mirror plugin v2. |
| Determines string oc-mirror plugin v2 workspace where resources and internal artifacts are generated. |
Chapter 4. Installing a cluster in a disconnected environment
You can install an OpenShift Container Platform cluster in a disconnected environment, choosing the installation method and infrastructure that best suits your requirements. This includes installing OpenShift Container Platform on either on-premise hardware or on a cloud hosting service such as Amazon Web Services (AWS).
The following sections outline all of the supported methods for installing a cluster in a disconnected environment.
In order to learn about other requirements for installing a cluster using a particular method, be sure to review other content in the procedure’s respective section of the documentation.
For example, if you plan to install a cluster on AWS with installer-provisioned infrastructure, see Configuring an AWS account and Preparing to install a cluster on AWS
4.1. Installing a cluster with the Agent-based Installer
To learn more about installing a cluster in a disconnected environment with the Agent-based installer, see the following pages:
4.2. Installing a cluster on Amazon Web Services
To learn more about installing a cluster on Amazon Web Services (AWS) in a disconnected environment, see the following procedures:
- Installer-provisioned infrastructure: Installing a cluster on AWS in a restricted network
- User-provisioned infrastructure: Installing a cluster on AWS in a restricted network with user-provisioned infrastructure
4.3. Installing a cluster on Microsoft Azure
To learn more about installing a cluster on Microsoft Azure in a disconnected environment, see the following procedures:
- Installer-provisioned infrastructure: Installing a cluster on Azure in a restricted network
- User-provisioned infrastructure: Installing a cluster on Azure in a restricted network with user-provisioned infrastructure
4.4. Installing a cluster on Google Cloud Platform
To learn more about installing a cluster on Google Cloud Platform (GCP) in a disconnected environment, see the following procedures:
- Installer-provisioned infrastructure: Installing a cluster on GCP in a restricted network
- User-provisioned infrastructure: Installing a cluster on GCP in a restricted network with user-provisioned infrastructure
4.5. Installing a cluster on IBM Cloud
To learn more about installing a cluster on IBM Cloud® in a disconnected environment, see the following procedure:
4.6. Installing a cluster on Nutanix
To learn more about installing a cluster on Nutanix in a disconnected environment, see the following procedure:
4.7. Installing a bare-metal cluster
To learn more about installing a bare-metal cluster in a disconnected environment, see the following procedure:
4.8. Installing a cluster on IBM Z(R) or IBM(R) LinuxONE
To learn more about installing a cluster on IBM Z® or IBM® LinuxONE in a disconnected environment, see the following procedures:
4.9. Installing a cluster on IBM Power
To learn more about installing a cluster on IBM Power in a disconnected environment, see the following procedure:
4.10. Installing a cluster on OpenStack
To learn more about installing a cluster on Red Hat OpenStack Platform (RHOSP) in a disconnected environment, see the following procedure:
4.11. Installing a cluster on vSphere
To learn more about installing a cluster on VMware vSphere in a disconnected environment, see the following procedures:
- Installer-provisioned infrastructure: Installing a cluster on vSphere in a restricted network
- User-provisioned infrastructure: Installing a cluster on vSphere in a restricted network with user-provisioned infrastructure
Chapter 5. Using Operator Lifecycle Manager in disconnected environments
For OpenShift Container Platform clusters in disconnected environments, Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) by default cannot access the Red Hat-provided OperatorHub sources hosted on remote registries because those remote sources require full internet connectivity.
However, as a cluster administrator you can still enable your cluster to use OLM in a disconnected environment if you have a workstation that has full internet access. The workstation, which requires full internet access to pull the remote OperatorHub content, is used to prepare local mirrors of the remote sources, and push the content to a mirror registry.
The mirror registry can be located on a bastion host, which requires connectivity to both your workstation and the disconnected cluster, or a completely disconnected, or airgapped, host, which requires removable media to physically move the mirrored content to the disconnected environment.
This guide describes the following process that is required to enable OLM in disconnected environments:
- Disable the default remote OperatorHub sources for OLM.
- Use a workstation with full internet access to create and push local mirrors of the OperatorHub content to a mirror registry.
- Configure OLM to install and manage Operators from local sources on the mirror registry instead of the default remote sources.
After enabling OLM in a disconnected environment, you can continue to use your unrestricted workstation to keep your local OperatorHub sources updated as newer versions of Operators are released.
While OLM can manage Operators from local sources, the ability for a given Operator to run successfully in a disconnected environment still depends on the Operator itself meeting the following criteria:
-
List any related images, or other container images that the Operator might require to perform their functions, in the
relatedImages
parameter of itsClusterServiceVersion
(CSV) object. - Reference all specified images by a digest (SHA) and not by a tag.
You can search software on the Red Hat Ecosystem Catalog for a list of Red Hat Operators that support running in disconnected mode by filtering with the following selections:
Type | Containerized application |
Deployment method | Operator |
Infrastructure features | Disconnected |
Additional resources
5.1. Prerequisites
-
You are logged in to your OpenShift Container Platform cluster as a user with
cluster-admin
privileges. - If you are using OLM in a disconnected environment on IBM Z®, you must have at least 12 GB allocated to the directory where you place your registry.
5.2. Disabling the default OperatorHub catalog sources
Operator catalogs that source content provided by Red Hat and community projects are configured for OperatorHub by default during an OpenShift Container Platform installation. In a restricted network environment, you must disable the default catalogs as a cluster administrator. You can then configure OperatorHub to use local catalog sources.
Procedure
Disable the sources for the default catalogs by adding
disableAllDefaultSources: true
to theOperatorHub
object:$ oc patch OperatorHub cluster --type json \ -p '[{"op": "add", "path": "/spec/disableAllDefaultSources", "value": true}]'
Alternatively, you can use the web console to manage catalog sources. From the Administration → Cluster Settings → Configuration → OperatorHub page, click the Sources tab, where you can create, update, delete, disable, and enable individual sources.
5.3. Mirroring an Operator catalog
For instructions about mirroring Operator catalogs for use with disconnected clusters, see Mirroring Operator catalogs for use with disconnected clusters.
As of OpenShift Container Platform 4.11, the default Red Hat-provided Operator catalog releases in the file-based catalog format. The default Red Hat-provided Operator catalogs for OpenShift Container Platform 4.6 through 4.10 released in the deprecated SQLite database format.
The opm
subcommands, flags, and functionality related to the SQLite database format are also deprecated and will be removed in a future release. The features are still supported and must be used for catalogs that use the deprecated SQLite database format.
Many of the opm
subcommands and flags for working with the SQLite database format, such as opm index prune
, do not work with the file-based catalog format. For more information about working with file-based catalogs, see Operator Framework packaging format, Managing custom catalogs, and Mirroring images for a disconnected installation using the oc-mirror plugin.
5.4. Adding a catalog source to a cluster
Adding a catalog source to an OpenShift Container Platform cluster enables the discovery and installation of Operators for users. Cluster administrators can create a CatalogSource
object that references an index image. OperatorHub uses catalog sources to populate the user interface.
Alternatively, you can use the web console to manage catalog sources. From the Administration → Cluster Settings → Configuration → OperatorHub page, click the Sources tab, where you can create, update, delete, disable, and enable individual sources.
Prerequisites
- You built and pushed an index image to a registry.
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role.
Procedure
Create a
CatalogSource
object that references your index image. If you used theoc adm catalog mirror
command to mirror your catalog to a target registry, you can use the generatedcatalogSource.yaml
file in your manifests directory as a starting point.Modify the following to your specifications and save it as a
catalogSource.yaml
file:apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: CatalogSource metadata: name: my-operator-catalog 1 namespace: openshift-marketplace 2 spec: sourceType: grpc grpcPodConfig: securityContextConfig: <security_mode> 3 image: <registry>/<namespace>/redhat-operator-index:v4.17 4 displayName: My Operator Catalog publisher: <publisher_name> 5 updateStrategy: registryPoll: 6 interval: 30m
- 1
- If you mirrored content to local files before uploading to a registry, remove any backslash (
/
) characters from themetadata.name
field to avoid an "invalid resource name" error when you create the object. - 2
- If you want the catalog source to be available globally to users in all namespaces, specify the
openshift-marketplace
namespace. Otherwise, you can specify a different namespace for the catalog to be scoped and available only for that namespace. - 3
- Specify the value of
legacy
orrestricted
. If the field is not set, the default value islegacy
. In a future OpenShift Container Platform release, it is planned that the default value will berestricted
. If your catalog cannot run withrestricted
permissions, it is recommended that you manually set this field tolegacy
. - 4
- Specify your index image. If you specify a tag after the image name, for example
:v4.17
, the catalog source pod uses an image pull policy ofAlways
, meaning the pod always pulls the image prior to starting the container. If you specify a digest, for example@sha256:<id>
, the image pull policy isIfNotPresent
, meaning the pod pulls the image only if it does not already exist on the node. - 5
- Specify your name or an organization name publishing the catalog.
- 6
- Catalog sources can automatically check for new versions to keep up to date.
Use the file to create the
CatalogSource
object:$ oc apply -f catalogSource.yaml
Verify the following resources are created successfully.
Check the pods:
$ oc get pods -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE my-operator-catalog-6njx6 1/1 Running 0 28s marketplace-operator-d9f549946-96sgr 1/1 Running 0 26h
Check the catalog source:
$ oc get catalogsource -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME DISPLAY TYPE PUBLISHER AGE my-operator-catalog My Operator Catalog grpc 5s
Check the package manifest:
$ oc get packagemanifest -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME CATALOG AGE jaeger-product My Operator Catalog 93s
You can now install the Operators from the OperatorHub page on your OpenShift Container Platform web console.
5.5. Next steps
Chapter 6. Updating a cluster in a disconnected environment
6.1. About cluster updates in a disconnected environment
A disconnected environment is one in which your cluster nodes cannot access the internet or where you want to manage update recommendations and release images locally for policy or performance purposes. This section covers mirroring OpenShift Container Platform images, managing an OpenShift Update Service, and performing cluster updates in a disconnected environment.
6.1.1. Mirroring OpenShift Container Platform images
To update your cluster in a disconnected environment, your cluster environment must have access to a mirror registry that has the necessary images and resources for your targeted update. A single container image registry is sufficient to host mirrored images for several clusters in the disconnected network. The following page has instructions for mirroring images onto a repository in your disconnected cluster:
6.1.2. Performing a cluster update in a disconnected environment
You can use one of the following procedures to update a disconnected OpenShift Container Platform cluster:
6.1.3. Uninstalling the OpenShift Update Service from a cluster
You can use the following procedure to uninstall a local copy of the OpenShift Update Service (OSUS) from your cluster:
6.2. Mirroring OpenShift Container Platform images
You must mirror container images onto a mirror registry before you can update a cluster in a disconnected environment. You can also use this procedure in connected environments to ensure your clusters run only approved container images that have satisfied your organizational controls for external content.
Your mirror registry must be running at all times while the cluster is running.
The following steps outline the high-level workflow on how to mirror images to a mirror registry:
-
Install the OpenShift CLI (
oc
) on all devices being used to retrieve and push release images. - Download the registry pull secret and add it to your cluster.
If you use the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI (
oc
) plugin:- Install the oc-mirror plugin on all devices being used to retrieve and push release images.
- Create an image set configuration file for the plugin to use when determining which release images to mirror. You can edit this configuration file later to change which release images that the plugin mirrors.
- Mirror your targeted release images directly to a mirror registry, or to removable media and then to a mirror registry.
- Configure your cluster to use the resources generated by the oc-mirror plugin.
- Repeat these steps as needed to update your mirror registry.
If you use the
oc adm release mirror
command:- Set environment variables that correspond to your environment and the release images you want to mirror.
- Mirror your targeted release images directly to a mirror registry, or to removable media and then to a mirror registry.
- Repeat these steps as needed to update your mirror registry.
Compared to using the oc adm release mirror
command, the oc-mirror plugin has the following advantages:
- It can mirror content other than container images.
- After mirroring images for the first time, it is easier to update images in the registry.
- The oc-mirror plugin provides an automated way to mirror the release payload from Quay, and also builds the latest graph data image for the OpenShift Update Service running in the disconnected environment.
6.2.1. Mirroring resources using the oc-mirror plugin
You can use the oc-mirror OpenShift CLI (oc
) plugin to mirror images to a mirror registry in your fully or partially disconnected environments. You must run oc-mirror from a system with internet connectivity to download the required images from the official Red Hat registries.
See Mirroring images for a disconnected installation using the oc-mirror plugin for additional details.
6.2.2. Mirroring images using the oc adm release mirror command
You can use the oc adm release mirror
command to mirror images to your mirror registry.
6.2.2.1. Prerequisites
You must have a container image registry that supports Docker v2-2 in the location that will host the OpenShift Container Platform cluster, such as Red Hat Quay.
NoteIf you use Red Hat Quay, you must use version 3.6 or later with the oc-mirror plugin. If you have an entitlement to Red Hat Quay, see the documentation on deploying Red Hat Quay for proof-of-concept purposes or by using the Quay Operator. If you need additional assistance selecting and installing a registry, contact your sales representative or Red Hat Support.
If you do not have an existing solution for a container image registry, the mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is included in OpenShift Container Platform subscriptions. The mirror registry for Red Hat OpenShift is a small-scale container registry that you can use to mirror OpenShift Container Platform container images in disconnected installations and updates.
6.2.2.2. Preparing your mirror host
Before you perform the mirror procedure, you must prepare the host to retrieve content and push it to the remote location.
6.2.2.2.1. Installing the OpenShift CLI
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) to interact with OpenShift Container Platform from a command-line interface. You can install oc
on Linux, Windows, or macOS.
If you installed an earlier version of oc
, you cannot use it to complete all of the commands in OpenShift Container Platform 4.17. Download and install the new version of oc
. If you are updating a cluster in a disconnected environment, install the oc
version that you plan to update to.
Installing the OpenShift CLI on Linux
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on Linux by using the following procedure.
Procedure
- Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
- Select the architecture from the Product Variant drop-down list.
- Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
- Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.17 Linux Clients entry and save the file.
Unpack the archive:
$ tar xvf <file>
Place the
oc
binary in a directory that is on yourPATH
.To check your
PATH
, execute the following command:$ echo $PATH
Verification
After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the
oc
command:$ oc <command>
Installing the OpenShift CLI on Windows
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on Windows by using the following procedure.
Procedure
- Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
- Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
- Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.17 Windows Client entry and save the file.
- Unzip the archive with a ZIP program.
Move the
oc
binary to a directory that is on yourPATH
.To check your
PATH
, open the command prompt and execute the following command:C:\> path
Verification
After you install the OpenShift CLI, it is available using the
oc
command:C:\> oc <command>
Installing the OpenShift CLI on macOS
You can install the OpenShift CLI (oc
) binary on macOS by using the following procedure.
Procedure
- Navigate to the OpenShift Container Platform downloads page on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
- Select the appropriate version from the Version drop-down list.
Click Download Now next to the OpenShift v4.17 macOS Clients entry and save the file.
NoteFor macOS arm64, choose the OpenShift v4.17 macOS arm64 Client entry.
- Unpack and unzip the archive.
Move the
oc
binary to a directory on your PATH.To check your
PATH
, open a terminal and execute the following command:$ echo $PATH
Verification
Verify your installation by using an
oc
command:$ oc <command>
Additional resources
6.2.2.2.2. Configuring credentials that allow images to be mirrored
Create a container image registry credentials file that enables you to mirror images from Red Hat to your mirror.
Do not use this image registry credentials file as the pull secret when you install a cluster. If you provide this file when you install cluster, all of the machines in the cluster will have write access to your mirror registry.
This process requires that you have write access to a container image registry on the mirror registry and adds the credentials to a registry pull secret.
Prerequisites
- You configured a mirror registry to use in your disconnected environment.
- You identified an image repository location on your mirror registry to mirror images into.
- You provisioned a mirror registry account that allows images to be uploaded to that image repository.
Procedure
Complete the following steps on the installation host:
-
Download your
registry.redhat.io
pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. Make a copy of your pull secret in JSON format:
$ cat ./pull-secret | jq . > <path>/<pull_secret_file_in_json> 1
- 1
- Specify the path to the folder to store the pull secret in and a name for the JSON file that you create.
The contents of the file resemble the following example:
{ "auths": { "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } }
-
Optional: If using the oc-mirror plugin, save the file either as
~/.docker/config.json
or$XDG_RUNTIME_DIR/containers/auth.json
. Generate the base64-encoded user name and password or token for your mirror registry:
$ echo -n '<user_name>:<password>' | base64 -w0 1 BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=
- 1
- For
<user_name>
and<password>
, specify the user name and password that you configured for your registry.
Edit the JSON file and add a section that describes your registry to it:
"auths": { "<mirror_registry>": { 1 "auth": "<credentials>", 2 "email": "you@example.com" } },
The file resembles the following example:
{ "auths": { "registry.example.com": { "auth": "BGVtbYk3ZHAtqXs=", "email": "you@example.com" }, "cloud.openshift.com": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "b3BlbnNo...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.connect.redhat.com": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" }, "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "NTE3Njg5Nj...", "email": "you@example.com" } } }
6.2.2.3. Mirroring images to a mirror registry
To avoid excessive memory usage by the OpenShift Update Service application, you must mirror release images to a separate repository as described in the following procedure.
Prerequisites
- You configured a mirror registry to use in your disconnected environment and can access the certificate and credentials that you configured.
- You downloaded the pull secret from Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager and modified it to include authentication to your mirror repository.
- If you use self-signed certificates, you have specified a Subject Alternative Name in the certificates.
Procedure
- Use the Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform Update Graph visualizer and update planner to plan an update from one version to another. The OpenShift Update Graph provides channel graphs and a way to confirm that there is an update path between your current and intended cluster versions.
Set the required environment variables:
Export the release version:
$ export OCP_RELEASE=<release_version>
For
<release_version>
, specify the tag that corresponds to the version of OpenShift Container Platform to which you want to update, such as4.5.4
.Export the local registry name and host port:
$ LOCAL_REGISTRY='<local_registry_host_name>:<local_registry_host_port>'
For
<local_registry_host_name>
, specify the registry domain name for your mirror repository, and for<local_registry_host_port>
, specify the port that it serves content on.Export the local repository name:
$ LOCAL_REPOSITORY='<local_repository_name>'
For
<local_repository_name>
, specify the name of the repository to create in your registry, such asocp4/openshift4
.If you are using the OpenShift Update Service, export an additional local repository name to contain the release images:
$ LOCAL_RELEASE_IMAGES_REPOSITORY='<local_release_images_repository_name>'
For
<local_release_images_repository_name>
, specify the name of the repository to create in your registry, such asocp4/openshift4-release-images
.Export the name of the repository to mirror:
$ PRODUCT_REPO='openshift-release-dev'
For a production release, you must specify
openshift-release-dev
.Export the path to your registry pull secret:
$ LOCAL_SECRET_JSON='<path_to_pull_secret>'
For
<path_to_pull_secret>
, specify the absolute path to and file name of the pull secret for your mirror registry that you created.NoteIf your cluster uses an
ImageContentSourcePolicy
object to configure repository mirroring, you can use only global pull secrets for mirrored registries. You cannot add a pull secret to a project.Export the release mirror:
$ RELEASE_NAME="ocp-release"
For a production release, you must specify
ocp-release
.Export the type of architecture for your cluster:
$ ARCHITECTURE=<cluster_architecture> 1
- 1
- Specify the architecture of the cluster, such as
x86_64
,aarch64
,s390x
, orppc64le
.
Export the path to the directory to host the mirrored images:
$ REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH=<path> 1
- 1
- Specify the full path, including the initial forward slash (/) character.
Review the images and configuration manifests to mirror:
$ oc adm release mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --to-dir=${REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror quay.io/${PRODUCT_REPO}/${RELEASE_NAME}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE} --dry-run
Mirror the version images to the mirror registry.
If your mirror host does not have internet access, take the following actions:
- Connect the removable media to a system that is connected to the internet.
Mirror the images and configuration manifests to a directory on the removable media:
$ oc adm release mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --to-dir=${REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror quay.io/${PRODUCT_REPO}/${RELEASE_NAME}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE}
NoteThis command also generates and saves the mirrored release image signature config map onto the removable media.
Take the media to the disconnected environment and upload the images to the local container registry.
$ oc image mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --from-dir=${REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror "file://openshift/release:${OCP_RELEASE}*" ${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY} 1
- 1
- For
REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH
, you must use the same path that you specified when you mirrored the images.
-
Use
oc
command-line interface (CLI) to log in to the cluster that you are updating. Apply the mirrored release image signature config map to the connected cluster:
$ oc apply -f ${REMOVABLE_MEDIA_PATH}/mirror/config/<image_signature_file> 1
- 1
- For
<image_signature_file>
, specify the path and name of the file, for example,signature-sha256-81154f5c03294534.yaml
.
If you are using the OpenShift Update Service, mirror the release image to a separate repository:
$ oc image mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} ${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE} ${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_RELEASE_IMAGES_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE}
If the local container registry and the cluster are connected to the mirror host, take the following actions:
Directly push the release images to the local registry and apply the config map to the cluster by using following command:
$ oc adm release mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} --from=quay.io/${PRODUCT_REPO}/${RELEASE_NAME}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE} \ --to=${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY} --apply-release-image-signature
NoteIf you include the
--apply-release-image-signature
option, do not create the config map for image signature verification.If you are using the OpenShift Update Service, mirror the release image to a separate repository:
$ oc image mirror -a ${LOCAL_SECRET_JSON} ${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE} ${LOCAL_REGISTRY}/${LOCAL_RELEASE_IMAGES_REPOSITORY}:${OCP_RELEASE}-${ARCHITECTURE}
6.3. Updating a cluster in a disconnected environment using the OpenShift Update Service
To get an update experience similar to connected clusters, you can use the following procedures to install and configure the OpenShift Update Service (OSUS) in a disconnected environment.
The following steps outline the high-level workflow on how to update a cluster in a disconnected environment using OSUS:
- Configure access to a secured registry.
- Update the global cluster pull secret to access your mirror registry.
- Install the OSUS Operator.
- Create a graph data container image for the OpenShift Update Service.
- Install the OSUS application and configure your clusters to use the OpenShift Update Service in your environment.
- Perform a supported update procedure from the documentation as you would with a connected cluster.
6.3.1. Using the OpenShift Update Service in a disconnected environment
The OpenShift Update Service (OSUS) provides update recommendations to OpenShift Container Platform clusters. Red Hat publicly hosts the OpenShift Update Service, and clusters in a connected environment can connect to the service through public APIs to retrieve update recommendations.
However, clusters in a disconnected environment cannot access these public APIs to retrieve update information. To have a similar update experience in a disconnected environment, you can install and configure the OpenShift Update Service so that it is available within the disconnected environment.
A single OSUS instance is capable of serving recommendations to thousands of clusters. OSUS can be scaled horizontally to cater to more clusters by changing the replica value. So for most disconnected use cases, one OSUS instance is enough. For example, Red Hat hosts just one OSUS instance for the entire fleet of connected clusters.
If you want to keep update recommendations separate in different environments, you can run one OSUS instance for each environment. For example, in a case where you have separate test and stage environments, you might not want a cluster in a stage environment to receive update recommendations to version A if that version has not been tested in the test environment yet.
The following sections describe how to install an OSUS instance and configure it to provide update recommendations to a cluster.
Additional resources
6.3.2. Prerequisites
-
You must have the
oc
command-line interface (CLI) tool installed. - You must provision a container image registry in your environment with the container images for your update, as described in Mirroring OpenShift Container Platform images.
6.3.3. Configuring access to a secured registry for the OpenShift Update Service
If the release images are contained in a registry whose HTTPS X.509 certificate is signed by a custom certificate authority, complete the steps in Configuring additional trust stores for image registry access along with following changes for the update service.
The OpenShift Update Service Operator needs the config map key name updateservice-registry
in the registry CA cert.
Image registry CA config map example for the update service
apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: my-registry-ca data: updateservice-registry: | 1 -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- ... -----END CERTIFICATE----- registry-with-port.example.com..5000: | 2 -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE----- ... -----END CERTIFICATE-----
6.3.4. Updating the global cluster pull secret
You can update the global pull secret for your cluster by either replacing the current pull secret or appending a new pull secret.
The procedure is required when users use a separate registry to store images than the registry used during installation.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role.
Procedure
Optional: To append a new pull secret to the existing pull secret, complete the following steps:
Enter the following command to download the pull secret:
$ oc get secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --template='{{index .data ".dockerconfigjson" | base64decode}}' ><pull_secret_location> 1
- 1
- Provide the path to the pull secret file.
Enter the following command to add the new pull secret:
$ oc registry login --registry="<registry>" \ 1 --auth-basic="<username>:<password>" \ 2 --to=<pull_secret_location> 3
Alternatively, you can perform a manual update to the pull secret file.
Enter the following command to update the global pull secret for your cluster:
$ oc set data secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --from-file=.dockerconfigjson=<pull_secret_location> 1
- 1
- Provide the path to the new pull secret file.
This update is rolled out to all nodes, which can take some time depending on the size of your cluster.
NoteAs of OpenShift Container Platform 4.7.4, changes to the global pull secret no longer trigger a node drain or reboot.
6.3.5. Installing the OpenShift Update Service Operator
To install the OpenShift Update Service, you must first install the OpenShift Update Service Operator by using the OpenShift Container Platform web console or CLI.
For clusters that are installed in disconnected environments, also known as disconnected clusters, Operator Lifecycle Manager by default cannot access the Red Hat-provided OperatorHub sources hosted on remote registries because those remote sources require full internet connectivity. For more information, see Using Operator Lifecycle Manager in disconnected environments.
6.3.5.1. Installing the OpenShift Update Service Operator by using the web console
You can use the web console to install the OpenShift Update Service Operator.
Procedure
In the web console, click Operators → OperatorHub.
NoteEnter
Update Ser