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16.4.5. Augeas and libguestfs Scripting

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Combining libguestfs with Augeas can help when writing scripts to manipulate Linux guest virtual machine configuration. For example, the following script uses Augeas to parse the keyboard configuration of a guest virtual machine, and to print out the layout. Note that this example only works with guest virtual machines running Red Hat Enterprise Linux:
#!/bin/bash -
 set -e
 guestname="$1"

 guestfish -d "$1" -i --ro <<'EOF'
   aug-init / 0
   aug-get /files/etc/sysconfig/keyboard/LAYOUT
 EOF
Augeas can also be used to modify configuration files. You can modify the above script to change the keyboard layout:
#!/bin/bash -
 set -e
 guestname="$1"

 guestfish -d "$1" -i <<'EOF'
   aug-init / 0
   aug-set /files/etc/sysconfig/keyboard/LAYOUT '"gb"'
   aug-save
 EOF
Note the three changes between the two scripts:
  1. The --ro option has been removed in the second example, giving the ability to write to the guest virtual machine.
  2. The aug-get command has been changed to aug-set to modify the value instead of fetching it. The new value will be "gb" (including the quotes).
  3. The aug-save command is used here so Augeas will write the changes out to disk.

Note

More information about Augeas can be found on the website http://augeas.net.
guestfish can do much more than we can cover in this introductory document. For example, creating disk images from scratch:
guestfish -N fs
Or copying out whole directories from a disk image:
><fs> copy-out /home /tmp/home
For more information see the man page guestfish(1).
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