12.8. Sharing virtual machine disk images with other hosts


To perform a live migration of a virtual machine (VM) between supported KVM hosts, you must also migrate the storage of the running VM in a way that makes it possible for the VM to read from and write to the storage during the migration process.

One of the methods to do this is using shared VM storage. The following procedure provides instructions for sharing a locally stored VM image with the source host and the destination host by using the NFS protocol.

Prerequisites

  • The VM intended for migration is shut down.
  • Optional: A host system is available for hosting the storage that is not the source or destination host, but both the source and the destination host can reach it through the network. This is the optimal solution for shared storage.
  • Make sure that NFS file locking is not used as it is not supported in KVM.
  • The NFS protocol is installed and enabled on the source and destination hosts. See Deploying an NFS server.
  • The virt_use_nfs SELinux boolean is set to on.

    # setsebool virt_use_nfs 1

Procedure

  1. Connect to the host that will provide shared storage. In this example, it is the example-shared-storage host:

    # ssh root@example-shared-storage
    root@example-shared-storage's password:
    Last login: Mon Sep 24 12:05:36 2019
    root~#
  2. Create a directory on the example-shared-storage host that will hold the disk image and that will be shared with the migration hosts:

    # mkdir /var/lib/libvirt/shared-images
  3. Copy the disk image of the VM from the source host to the newly created directory. The following example copies the disk image example-disk-1 of the VM to the /var/lib/libvirt/shared-images/ directory of the example-shared-storage host:

    # scp /var/lib/libvirt/images/example-disk-1.qcow2 root@example-shared-storage:/var/lib/libvirt/shared-images/example-disk-1.qcow2
  4. On the host that you want to use for sharing the storage, add the sharing directory to the /etc/exports file. The following example shares the /var/lib/libvirt/shared-images directory with the example-source-machine and example-destination-machine hosts:

    # /var/lib/libvirt/shared-images example-source-machine(rw,no_root_squash) example-destination-machine(rw,no\_root_squash)
  5. Run the exportfs -a command for the changes in the /etc/exports file to take effect.

    # exportfs -a
  6. On both the source and destination host, mount the shared directory in the /var/lib/libvirt/images directory:

    # mount example-shared-storage:/var/lib/libvirt/shared-images /var/lib/libvirt/images

Verification

  • Start the VM on the source host and observe if it boots successfully.
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