Networking Operators


OpenShift Dedicated 4

Managing networking-specific Operators in OpenShift Dedicated

Red Hat OpenShift Documentation Team

Abstract

This document covers the installation, configuration, and management of various networking-related Operators in OpenShift Dedicated.

Chapter 1. DNS Operator in OpenShift Dedicated

In OpenShift Dedicated, the DNS Operator deploys and manages a CoreDNS instance to provide a name resolution service to pods inside the cluster, enables DNS-based Kubernetes Service discovery, and resolves internal cluster.local names.

This Operator is installed on OpenShift Dedicated clusters by default.

1.1. Using DNS forwarding

Configure DNS forwarding servers and upstream resolvers for the cluster.

You can use DNS forwarding to override the default forwarding configuration in the /etc/resolv.conf file in the following ways:

  • Specify name servers (spec.servers) for every zone. If the forwarded zone is the ingress domain managed by OpenShift Dedicated, then the upstream name server must be authorized for the domain.

    Important

    You must specify at least one zone. Otherwise, your cluster can lose functionality.

  • Provide a list of upstream DNS servers (spec.upstreamResolvers).
  • Change the default forwarding policy.

A DNS forwarding configuration for the default domain can have both the default servers specified in the /etc/resolv.conf file and the upstream DNS servers.

Important

During pod creation, Kubernetes uses the /etc/resolv.conf file that exists on a node. If you modify the /etc/resolv.conf file on a host node, the changes do not propagate to the /etc/resolv.conf file that exists in a container. You must re-create the container for changes to take effect.

Procedure

  • Modify the DNS Operator object named default:

    $ oc edit dns.operator/default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    After you issue the previous command, the Operator creates and updates the config map named dns-default with additional server configuration blocks based on spec.servers.

    Important

    When specifying values for the zones parameter, ensure that you only forward to specific zones, such as your intranet. You must specify at least one zone. Otherwise, your cluster can lose functionality.

    If none of the servers have a zone that matches the query, then name resolution falls back to the upstream DNS servers.

    Configuring DNS forwarding

    apiVersion: operator.openshift.io/v1
    kind: DNS
    metadata:
      name: default
    spec:
      cache:
        negativeTTL: 0s
        positiveTTL: 0s
      logLevel: Normal
      nodePlacement: {}
      operatorLogLevel: Normal
      servers:
      - name: example-server
        zones:
        - example.com
        forwardPlugin:
          policy: Random
          upstreams:
          - 1.1.1.1
          - 2.2.2.2:5353
      upstreamResolvers:
        policy: Random
        protocolStrategy: ""
        transportConfig: {}
        upstreams:
        - type: SystemResolvConf
        - type: Network
          address: 1.2.3.4
          port: 53
        status:
          clusterDomain: cluster.local
          clusterIP: x.y.z.10
          conditions:
    ...
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

    where:

    spec.servers.name
    Must comply with the rfc6335 service name syntax.
    spec.servers.zones
    Must conform to the rfc1123 subdomain syntax. The cluster domain cluster.local is invalid for zones.
    spec.servers.forwardPlugin.policy
    Specifies the upstream selection policy. Defaults to Random; allowed values are RoundRobin and Sequential.
    spec.servers.forwardPlugin.upstreams
    Must provide no more than 15 upstreams entries per forwardPlugin.
    spec.upstreamResolvers.upstreams
    Specifies an upstreamResolvers to override the default forwarding policy and forward DNS resolution to the specified DNS resolvers (upstream resolvers) for the default domain. You can use this field when you need custom upstream resolvers; otherwise queries use the servers declared in /etc/resolv.conf.
    spec.upstreamResolvers.policy
    Specifies the upstream selection order. Defaults to Sequential; allowed values are Random, RoundRobin, and Sequential.
    spec.upstreamResolvers.protocolStrategy
    Specify TCP to force the protocol to use for upstream DNS requests, even if the request uses UDP. Valid values are TCP and omitted. When omitted, the platform chooses a default, normally the protocol of the original client request.
    spec.upstreamResolvers.transportConfig
    Specifies the transport type, server name, and optional custom CA or CA bundle to use when forwarding DNS requests to an upstream resolver.
    spec.upstreamResolvers.upstreams.type
    Specifies two types of upstreams: SystemResolvConf or Network. SystemResolvConf configures the upstream to use /etc/resolv.conf and Network defines a Networkresolver. You can specify one or both.
    spec.upstreamResolvers.upstreams.address
    Specifies a valid IPv4 or IPv6 address when type is Network.
    spec.upstreamResolvers.upstreams.port
    Specifies an optional field to provide a port number. Valid values are between 1 and 65535; defaults to 853 when omitted.

The Ingress Operator implements the IngressController API and is the component responsible for enabling external access to OpenShift Dedicated cluster services.

This Operator is installed on OpenShift Dedicated clusters by default.

2.1. OpenShift Dedicated Ingress Operator

When you create your OpenShift Dedicated cluster, pods and services running on the cluster are each allocated their own IP addresses. The IP addresses are accessible to other pods and services running nearby but are not accessible to outside clients.

The Ingress Operator makes it possible for external clients to access your service by deploying and managing one or more HAProxy-based Ingress Controllers to handle routing.

Red Hat Site Reliability Engineers (SRE) manage the Ingress Operator for OpenShift Dedicated clusters. While you cannot alter the settings for the Ingress Operator, you may view the default Ingress Controller configurations, status, and logs as well as the Ingress Operator status.

2.2. View the default Ingress Controller

The Ingress Operator is a core feature of OpenShift Dedicated and is enabled out of the box.

Every new OpenShift Dedicated installation has an ingresscontroller named default. It can be supplemented with additional Ingress Controllers. If the default ingresscontroller is deleted, the Ingress Operator will automatically recreate it within a minute.

Procedure

  • View the default Ingress Controller:

    $ oc describe --namespace=openshift-ingress-operator ingresscontroller/default
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

2.3. View Ingress Operator status

You can view and inspect the status of your Ingress Operator.

Procedure

  • View your Ingress Operator status:

    $ oc describe clusteroperators/ingress
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

2.4. View Ingress Controller logs

You can view your Ingress Controller logs.

Procedure

  • View your Ingress Controller logs:

    $ oc logs --namespace=openshift-ingress-operator deployments/ingress-operator -c <container_name>
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

2.5. View Ingress Controller status

Your can view the status of a particular Ingress Controller.

Procedure

  • View the status of an Ingress Controller:

    $ oc describe --namespace=openshift-ingress-operator ingresscontroller/<name>
    Copy to Clipboard Toggle word wrap

The following table details the components of the default Ingress Controller managed by the Ingress Operator and whether Red Hat Site Reliability Engineering (SRE) maintains this component on OpenShift Dedicated clusters.

Expand
Table 2.1. Ingress Operator Responsibility Chart
Ingress componentManaged byDefault configuration?

Scaling Ingress Controller

SRE

Yes

Ingress Operator thread count

SRE

Yes

Ingress Controller access logging

SRE

Yes

Ingress Controller sharding

SRE

Yes

Ingress Controller route admission policy

SRE

Yes

Ingress Controller wildcard routes

SRE

Yes

Ingress Controller X-Forwarded headers

SRE

Yes

Ingress Controller route compression

SRE

Yes

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Modified versions must remove all Red Hat trademarks.

Portions adapted from https://github.com/kubernetes-incubator/service-catalog/ with modifications by Red Hat.

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