이 콘텐츠는 선택한 언어로 제공되지 않습니다.

Chapter 9. Live migration


9.1. Virtual machine live migration

9.1.1. Prerequisites

  • Before using LiveMigration, ensure that the storage class used by the virtual machine has a PersistentVolumeClaim (PVC) with a shared ReadWriteMany (RWX) access mode. See Storage defaults for DataVolumes to ensure your storage settings are correct.

9.1.2. Understanding live migration

Live migration is the process of moving a running virtual machine instance to another node in the cluster without interrupting the virtual workload or access. This can be a manual process, if you select virtual machine instance to migrate to another node, or an automatic process, if the virtual machine instance has a LiveMigrate eviction strategy and the node on which it is running is placed into maintenance.

Important

Virtual machines must have a PersistentVolumeClaim (PVC) with a shared ReadWriteMany (RWX) access mode to be live migrated.

9.1.3. Updating access mode for LiveMigration

For LiveMigration to function properly, you must use the ReadWriteMany (RWX) access mode. Use this procedure to update the access mode, if needed.

Procedure

  • To set the RWX access mode, run the following oc patch command:

    $ oc patch -n openshift-cnv \
        cm kubevirt-storage-class-defaults \
        -p '{"data":{"'$<STORAGE_CLASS>'.accessMode":"ReadWriteMany"}}'

9.2. Live migration limits and timeouts

Live migration limits and timeouts are applied so that migration processes do not overwhelm the cluster. Configure these settings by editing the kubevirt-config configuration file.

9.2.1. Configuring live migration limits and timeouts

Configure live migration limits and timeouts for the cluster by adding updated key:value fields to the kubevirt-config configuration file, which is located in the openshift-cnv namespace.

Procedure

  • Edit the kubevirt-config configuration file and add the necessary live migration parameters. The following example shows the default values:

    $ oc edit configmap kubevirt-config -n openshift-cnv
    apiVersion: v1
    kind: ConfigMap
    metadata:
      name: kubevirt-config
      namespace: kubevirt
      labels:
        kubevirt.io: ""
    data:
      feature-gates: "LiveMigration"
      migrations: |-
        parallelMigrationsPerCluster: 5
        parallelOutboundMigrationsPerNode: 2
        bandwidthPerMigration: 64Mi
        completionTimeoutPerGiB: 800
        progressTimeout: 150

9.2.2. Cluster-wide live migration limits and timeouts

Table 9.1. Migration parameters
ParameterDescriptionDefault

parallelMigrationsPerCluster

Number of migrations running in parallel in the cluster.

5

parallelOutboundMigrationsPerNode

Maximum number of outbound migrations per node.

2

bandwidthPerMigration

Bandwidth limit of each migration, in MiB/s.

64Mi

completionTimeoutPerGiB

The migration will be canceled if it has not completed in this time, in seconds per GiB of memory. For example, a virtual machine instance with 6GiB memory will timeout if it has not completed migration in 4800 seconds. If the Migration Method is BlockMigration, the size of the migrating disks is included in the calculation.

800

progressTimeout

The migration will be canceled if memory copy fails to make progress in this time, in seconds.

150

9.3. Migrating a virtual machine instance to another node

Manually initiate a live migration of a virtual machine instance to another node using either the web console or the CLI.

9.3.1. Initiating live migration of a virtual machine instance in the web console

Migrate a running virtual machine instance to a different node in the cluster.

Note

The Migrate Virtual Machine action is visible to all users but only admin users can initiate a virtual machine migration.

Procedure

  1. In the OpenShift Virtualization console, click Workloads Virtualization from the side menu.
  2. Click the Virtual Machines tab.
  3. You can initiate the migration from this screen, which makes it easier to perform actions on multiple virtual machines in the one screen, or from the Virtual Machine Overview screen where you can view comprehensive details of the selected virtual machine:

    • Click the Options menu kebab at the end of virtual machine and select Migrate Virtual Machine.
    • Click the virtual machine name to open the Virtual Machine Overview screen and click Actions Migrate Virtual Machine.
  4. Click Migrate to migrate the virtual machine to another node.

9.3.2. Initiating live migration of a virtual machine instance in the CLI

Initiate a live migration of a running virtual machine instance by creating a VirtualMachineInstanceMigration object in the cluster and referencing the name of the virtual machine instance.

Procedure

  1. Create a VirtualMachineInstanceMigration configuration file for the virtual machine instance to migrate. For example, vmi-migrate.yaml:

    apiVersion: kubevirt.io/v1alpha3
    kind: VirtualMachineInstanceMigration
    metadata:
      name: migration-job
    spec:
      vmiName: vmi-fedora
  2. Create the object in the cluster by running the following command:

    $ oc create -f vmi-migrate.yaml

The VirtualMachineInstanceMigration object triggers a live migration of the virtual machine instance. This object exists in the cluster for as long as the virtual machine instance is running, unless manually deleted.

9.4. Monitoring live migration of a virtual machine instance

You can monitor the progress of a live migration of a virtual machine instance from either the web console or the CLI.

9.4.1. Monitoring live migration of a virtual machine instance in the web console

For the duration of the migration, the virtual machine has a status of Migrating. This status is displayed in the Virtual Machines tab or in the Virtual Machine Overview screen for the migrating virtual machine.

Procedure

  1. In the OpenShift Virtualization console, click Workloads Virtualization from the side menu.
  2. Click the Virtual Machines tab.
  3. Select a virtual machine to open the Virtual Machine Overview screen.

9.4.2. Monitoring live migration of a virtual machine instance in the CLI

The status of the virtual machine migration is stored in the Status component of the VirtualMachineInstance configuration.

Procedure

  • Use the oc describe command on the migrating virtual machine instance:

    $ oc describe vmi vmi-fedora

    Example output

    ...
    Status:
      Conditions:
        Last Probe Time:       <nil>
        Last Transition Time:  <nil>
        Status:                True
        Type:                  LiveMigratable
      Migration Method:  LiveMigration
      Migration State:
        Completed:                    true
        End Timestamp:                2018-12-24T06:19:42Z
        Migration UID:                d78c8962-0743-11e9-a540-fa163e0c69f1
        Source Node:                  node2.example.com
        Start Timestamp:              2018-12-24T06:19:35Z
        Target Node:                  node1.example.com
        Target Node Address:          10.9.0.18:43891
        Target Node Domain Detected:  true

9.5. Cancelling the live migration of a virtual machine instance

Cancel the live migration so that the virtual machine instance remains on the original node.

You can cancel a live migration from either the web console or the CLI.

9.5.1. Cancelling live migration of a virtual machine instance in the web console

You can cancel a live migration of the virtual machine instance using the Options menu kebab found on each virtual machine in the Virtualization Virtual Machines tab, or from the Actions menu available on all tabs in the Virtual Machine Overview screen.

Procedure

  1. In the OpenShift Virtualization console, click Workloads Virtualization from the side menu.
  2. Click the Virtual Machines tab.
  3. You can cancel the migration from this screen, which makes it easier to perform actions on multiple virtual machines, or from the Virtual Machine Overview screen where you can view comprehensive details of the selected virtual machine:

    • Click the Options menu kebab at the end of virtual machine and select Cancel Virtual Machine Migration.
    • Select a virtual machine name to open the Virtual Machine Overview screen and click Actions Cancel Virtual Machine Migration.
  4. Click Cancel Migration to cancel the virtual machine live migration.

9.5.2. Cancelling live migration of a virtual machine instance in the CLI

Cancel the live migration of a virtual machine instance by deleting the VirtualMachineInstanceMigration object associated with the migration.

Procedure

  • Delete the VirtualMachineInstanceMigration object that triggered the live migration, migration-job in this example:

    $ oc delete vmim migration-job

9.6. Configuring virtual machine eviction strategy

The LiveMigrate eviction strategy ensures that a virtual machine instance is not interrupted if the node is placed into maintenance or drained. Virtual machines instances with this eviction strategy will be live migrated to another node.

9.6.1. Configuring custom virtual machines with the LiveMigration eviction strategy

You only need to configure the LiveMigration eviction strategy on custom virtual machines. Common templates have this eviction strategy configured by default.

Procedure

  1. Add the evictionStrategy: LiveMigrate option to the spec section in the virtual machine configuration file. This example uses oc edit to update the relevant snippet of the VirtualMachine configuration file:

    $ oc edit vm <custom-vm> -n <my-namespace>
    apiVersion: kubevirt.io/v1alpha3
    kind: VirtualMachine
    metadata:
      name: custom-vm
    spec:
      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 30
      evictionStrategy: LiveMigrate
      domain:
        resources:
          requests:
    ...
  2. Restart the virtual machine for the update to take effect:

    $ virtctl restart <custom-vm> -n <my-namespace>
Red Hat logoGithubRedditYoutubeTwitter

자세한 정보

평가판, 구매 및 판매

커뮤니티

Red Hat 문서 정보

Red Hat을 사용하는 고객은 신뢰할 수 있는 콘텐츠가 포함된 제품과 서비스를 통해 혁신하고 목표를 달성할 수 있습니다.

보다 포괄적 수용을 위한 오픈 소스 용어 교체

Red Hat은 코드, 문서, 웹 속성에서 문제가 있는 언어를 교체하기 위해 최선을 다하고 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 다음을 참조하세요.Red Hat 블로그.

Red Hat 소개

Red Hat은 기업이 핵심 데이터 센터에서 네트워크 에지에 이르기까지 플랫폼과 환경 전반에서 더 쉽게 작업할 수 있도록 강화된 솔루션을 제공합니다.

© 2024 Red Hat, Inc.