红帽全球峰会5.7. 使用证书转换
证书系统提供证书转换(CT) V1 支持的基本版本(rfc 6962)。它能够从任何可信日志发布带有嵌入式证书时间戳(SCT)的证书，每个部署站点选择包含其 root CA 证书。您还可以将系统配置为支持多个 CT 日志。这个功能至少需要一个可信的 CT 日志。
重要
部署站点负责建立与可信 CT 日志服务器的信任关系。
有关如何配置证书转换的更多信息，请参阅 Red Hat Certificate System Planning, Installation, and Deployment Guide 中的 Configuring Certificate Transparency 部分。
5.7.1. 测试证书转换
有关如何测试 CT 设置的示例，以下步骤描述了 Google CT 测试日志的实际测试。更为全面的测试过程涉及设置 TLS 服务器，并测试从指定的 CT 日志中包含其证书。但是，以下可作为在签发证书后检查包含 SCT 扩展的快速测试。
测试流程包括生成和提交证书签名请求(CSR)，以便使用 openssl 验证其 SCT 扩展。CS.cfg 文件中的测试配置如下：
ca.certTransparency.mode=enabled ca.certTransparency.log.1.enable=true ca.certTransparency.log.1.pubKey=MFkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDQgAEw8i8S7qiGEs9NXv0ZJFh6uuOm<snip> ca.certTransparency.log.1.url=http://ct.googleapis.com:80/testtube/ ca.certTransparency.log.1.version=1 ca.certTransparency.log.2.enable=true ca.certTransparency.log.2.pubKey=MFkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDQgAEKATl2B3SAbxyzGOfNRB+AytNTG<snip> ca.certTransparency.log.2.url=http://ct.googleapis.com:80/logs/crucible/ ca.certTransparency.log.2.version=1 ca.certTransparency.log.3.enable=false ca.certTransparency.log.3.pubKey=MFkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDQgAEiKfWtuoWCPMEzSKySjMjXpo38W<snip> ca.certTransparency.log.3.url=http://ct.googleapis.com:80/logs/solera2020/ ca.certTransparency.log.3.version=1 ca.certTransparency.log.num=3
ca.certTransparency.mode=enabled
ca.certTransparency.log.1.enable=true
ca.certTransparency.log.1.pubKey=MFkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDQgAEw8i8S7qiGEs9NXv0ZJFh6uuOm<snip>
ca.certTransparency.log.1.url=http://ct.googleapis.com:80/testtube/
ca.certTransparency.log.1.version=1
ca.certTransparency.log.2.enable=true
ca.certTransparency.log.2.pubKey=MFkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDQgAEKATl2B3SAbxyzGOfNRB+AytNTG<snip>
ca.certTransparency.log.2.url=http://ct.googleapis.com:80/logs/crucible/
ca.certTransparency.log.2.version=1
ca.certTransparency.log.3.enable=false
ca.certTransparency.log.3.pubKey=MFkwEwYHKoZIzj0CAQYIKoZIzj0DAQcDQgAEiKfWtuoWCPMEzSKySjMjXpo38W<snip>
ca.certTransparency.log.3.url=http://ct.googleapis.com:80/logs/solera2020/
ca.certTransparency.log.3.version=1
ca.certTransparency.log.num=3首先，生成一个 CSR，例如：
PKCS10Client -d . -p passwd -l 2048 -n "cn=user.test.domain.com,OU=user-TEST,O=TestDomain" -o pkcs10-TLS.req
# PKCS10Client -d . -p passwd -l 2048 -n "cn=user.test.domain.com,OU=user-TEST,O=TestDomain" -o pkcs10-TLS.reqCopy to Clipboard Copied! 接下来，根据
CS.cfg中的ca.certTransparency.mode参数定义的 CT 模式将 CSR 提交到注册配置文件：- 如果参数设为 enabled，则使用任何注册配置集
- 如果该参数设为 perProfile，请使用其中一个 CT 配置集：例如 caServerCertWithSCT
-
将发布的 b64 证书复制到文件，如
.ct1.pem。 将 pem 转换为二进制：
AtoB ct1.pem ct1.bin
# AtoB ct1.pem ct1.binCopy to Clipboard Copied! 显示 DER 证书内容：
openssl x509 -noout -text -inform der -in ct1.bin
# openssl x509 -noout -text -inform der -in ct1.binCopy to Clipboard Copied! 观察 SCT 扩展存在，例如：
CT Precertificate SCTs: Signed Certificate Timestamp: Version : v1 (0x0) Log ID : B0:CC:83:E5:A5:F9:7D:6B:AF:7C:09:CC:28:49:04:87: 2A:C7:E8:8B:13:2C:63:50:B7:C6:FD:26:E1:6C:6C:77 Timestamp : Jun 11 23:07:14.146 2020 GMT Extensions: none Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256 30:44:02:20:6E:E7:DC:D6:6B:A6:43:E3:BB:8E:1D:28: 63:C6:6B:03:43:4E:7A:90:0F:D6:2B:E8:ED:55:1D:5F: 86:0C:5A:CE:02:20:53:EB:75:FA:75:54:9C:9F:D3:7A: D4:E7:C6:6C:9B:33:2A:75:D8:AB:DE:7D:B9:FA:2B:19: 56:22:BB:EF:19:AD Signed Certificate Timestamp: Version : v1 (0x0) Log ID : C3:BF:03:A7:E1:CA:88:41:C6:07:BA:E3:FF:42:70:FC: A5:EC:45:B1:86:EB:BE:4E:2C:F3:FC:77:86:30:F5:F6 Timestamp : Jun 11 23:07:14.516 2020 GMT Extensions: none Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256 30:44:02:20:4A:C9:4D:EF:64:02:A7:69:FF:34:4E:41: F4:87:E1:6D:67:B9:07:14:E6:01:47:C2:0A:72:88:7A: A9:C3:9C:90:02:20:31:26:15:75:60:1E:E2:C0:A3:C2: ED:CF:22:A0:3B:A4:10:86:D1:C1:A3:7F:68:CC:1A:DD: 6A:5E:10:B2:F1:8F
CT Precertificate SCTs: Signed Certificate Timestamp: Version : v1 (0x0) Log ID : B0:CC:83:E5:A5:F9:7D:6B:AF:7C:09:CC:28:49:04:87: 2A:C7:E8:8B:13:2C:63:50:B7:C6:FD:26:E1:6C:6C:77 Timestamp : Jun 11 23:07:14.146 2020 GMT Extensions: none Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256 30:44:02:20:6E:E7:DC:D6:6B:A6:43:E3:BB:8E:1D:28: 63:C6:6B:03:43:4E:7A:90:0F:D6:2B:E8:ED:55:1D:5F: 86:0C:5A:CE:02:20:53:EB:75:FA:75:54:9C:9F:D3:7A: D4:E7:C6:6C:9B:33:2A:75:D8:AB:DE:7D:B9:FA:2B:19: 56:22:BB:EF:19:AD Signed Certificate Timestamp: Version : v1 (0x0) Log ID : C3:BF:03:A7:E1:CA:88:41:C6:07:BA:E3:FF:42:70:FC: A5:EC:45:B1:86:EB:BE:4E:2C:F3:FC:77:86:30:F5:F6 Timestamp : Jun 11 23:07:14.516 2020 GMT Extensions: none Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256 30:44:02:20:4A:C9:4D:EF:64:02:A7:69:FF:34:4E:41: F4:87:E1:6D:67:B9:07:14:E6:01:47:C2:0A:72:88:7A: A9:C3:9C:90:02:20:31:26:15:75:60:1E:E2:C0:A3:C2: ED:CF:22:A0:3B:A4:10:86:D1:C1:A3:7F:68:CC:1A:DD: 6A:5E:10:B2:F1:8FCopy to Clipboard Copied! 或者，通过运行 asn1 转储来验证 SCT：
openssl asn1parse -i -inform der -in ct1.bin
# openssl asn1parse -i -inform der -in ct1.binCopy to Clipboard Copied! 观察十六进制转储，例如：
740:d=4 hl=4 l= 258 cons: SEQUENCE 744:d=5 hl=2 l= 10 prim: OBJECT :CT Precertificate SCTs 756:d=5 hl=3 l= 243 prim: OCTET STRING [HEX DUMP]:0481F000EE007500B0CC83E5A5F97D6B<snip>
740:d=4 hl=4 l= 258 cons: SEQUENCE 744:d=5 hl=2 l= 10 prim: OBJECT :CT Precertificate SCTs 756:d=5 hl=3 l= 243 prim: OCTET STRING [HEX DUMP]:0481F000EE007500B0CC83E5A5F97D6B<snip>Copy to Clipboard Copied!
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