Chapter 1. Installing on RHV

Procedure

1. Open a terminal session with the RHV Manager machine. For example, if you run the Manager as a self-hosted engine:

   1. Go to the RHV Administration Portal and go to the Compute Virtual Machines page.
   2. Select the HostedEngine virtual machine and click Console.

2. On the Manager’s command line, create a working directory and change to it.

   $ mkdir rhcos
   $ cd rhcos

3. In a browser, go to https://github.com/openshift/installer/blob/release-4.4/data/data/rhcos.json.
4. In rhcos.json, find baseURI and copy its value.

5. On the Manager, start a wget command and paste the value of baseURI but do not press Enter. For example:

   $ wget https://releases-art-rhcos.svc.ci.openshift.org/art/storage/releases/rhcos-4.4/44.81.202003062006-0/x86_64/

6. In rhcos.json document, find openstack and copy the value of path.

7. On the Manager, paste the value of path. For example:

   $ wget https://releases-art-rhcos.svc.ci.openshift.org/art/storage/releases/rhcos-4.4/44.81.202003062006-0/x86_64/rhcos-44.81.202003062006-0-openstack.x86_64.qcow2.gz

8. Press Enter and wait for wget to finish downloading the RHCOS image.

9. Unzip the RHCOS image. For example:

   $ gunzip rhcos*

Procedure

1. Create an Ansible playbook file upload_rhcos_disk.yaml on the Red Hat Virtualization (RHV) Manager. For example:

   $ vi upload_rhcos_disk.yaml

2. Go to this file on the Red Hat Customer Portal.
3. Paste its contents into your playbook.

4. In your playbook, update the parameter values that have callouts.

   - hosts: localhost
     gather_facts: no
     tasks:
       - name: Authenticate with engine
         ovirt_auth:
           url: https://<virtlab.example.com>/ovirt-engine/api 1
           username: <username@profile> 2
           password: <password> 3
           insecure: yes
   
       - name: Upload RHCOS image
         ovirt_disk:
           auth: "{{ ovirt_auth }}"
           name: <rhcos_44-81_img-diskname> 4
           size: 120GiB 5
           interface: virtio_scsi
           storage_domain: <SSD_RAID_10> 6
           bootable: yes
           timeout: 3600 7
           upload_image_path: </custom/rhcos-44.81.202003110027-0-openstack.x86_64.qcow2> 8
           wait: yes

   1

   For <virtlab.example.com>, specify the fully-qualified domain name (FQDN) of your RHV Manager.

   2

   For <username@profile>, specify the admin user name and profile.

   3

   For <password>, specify the admin password.

   4

   For <rhcos_44-81_img-diskname>, specify a disk name.

   5

   Specify 120GiB or more for production environments. For resource-constrained or non-production environments, specify 32GiB or more.

   6

   For <SSD_RAID_10>, specify a data storage domain name.

   7

   Specify a timeout period, in seconds, that gives your RHV environment enough time to upload a 2.4 GB image to storage. The default value, 3600 seconds, gives one hour.

   8

   For </custom/rhcos-44.81.202003110027-0-openstack.x86_64.qcow2>, specify the image path and file name.

5. On the Manager, run the Ansible playbook. For example:

   $ ansible-playbook rhcos_image.yaml -vvv

6. In the Administration Portal, go to the Storage Disks page and find the disk name you specified in the playbook. For example, rhcos_44-81_img-diskname.
7. When the status of the disk is OK, the playbook has finished uploading the RHCOS image to the storage domain.

Procedure

1. Inspect the available resources in your RHV cluster.

   1. Go to Verifying the requirements for the RHV environment
   2. Record the values of the storage Free Space, Logical CPU Cores, and Max free Memory for scheduling new VMs.

2. Record the number of virtual machines in your OpenShift Container Platform cluster.

   • By default, your cluster contains seven machines.
   • You can also customize the number of machines, as described in Installation configuration parameters for RHV. To account for the bootstrap machine, add one machine to the number in the configuration file.
3. Divide each resource by the number of virtual machines.
4. Record these values for use later on.

Procedure

1. Go to the Compute Virtual Machines page and click New.
2. In the New Virtual Machine General window that opens, use Cluster to select the RHV cluster where you plan to create the OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
3. Leave Template unchanged, with Blank selected.
4. Set Operating System to Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS.
5. Leave Optimized for unchanged, with Desktop selected.
6. For Name, specify the name of the virtual machine. For example, vmname.
7. For Instance Images, click Attach.
8. In the Attach Virtual Disks window that opens, find the disk you specified in the playbook. For example, rhcos_44-81_img-diskname.
9. Click the radio button for this disk.
10. Select the OS checkbox for this disk. This makes the disk bootable.
11. Click OK to save and close the Attach Virtual Disks window.

Procedure

1. In the New Virtual Machine General window, for each NIC under Instantiate VM network interfaces by picking a vNIC profile, select a vNIC profile.
2. Go to the New Virtual Machine System window.
3. Set Memory Size to 16384 MB or more. This default value is equivalent to 16 GiB. You can adjust this value according to the workload you expect on the compute machines and the amount of memory resources that are available.
4. Due to a known issue (bz#1821215), set Physical Memory Guaranteed to 8192 MB. This value is equivalent to 8 GiB.
5. Set Total Virtual CPUs to 4 or more. You can adjust this value according to the workload you expect on the compute machines and the resources that are available.
6. Expand Advanced Parameters.
7. Adjust Cores per Virtual Socket to 4 or more so it matches the Total Virtual CPUs setting.

8. Press OK to save and close the New Virtual Machine.

   The new virtual machine appears in the Compute Virtual Machines window. Because the virtual machine is not starting, it appears quickly.

Procedure

1. Select the new virtual machine.
2. In the upper-right corner of the Administration Portal window, click the More actions menu, and select Make Template.
3. In the New Template window, specify a value for the Name. For example, vm-tmpltname.
4. Verify that Target and the other parameter values are correct and reflect your previous choices.
5. Verify that Seal Template (Linux only) is not selected.
6. Click OK.
7. Go to the Compute Templates page and wait for the template to be created.

1. Determine the values you specified for Memory and Total Virtual CPUs in the virtual machine settings.
2. Run the following environment variables on the command line of your installation machine.

Procedure

1. Check the RHV version.

   1. In the RHV Administration Portal, click the ? help icon in the upper-right corner and select About.
   2. In the window that opens, confirm that the RHV Software Version is 4.3.9 or higher.

2. Inspect the data center, cluster, and storage.

   1. In the RHV Administration Portal, click Compute Data Centers.
   2. Confirm the data center where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform displays a green up arrow, meaning it is "Up".
   3. Click the name of that data center.
   4. In the data center details, on the Storage tab, confirm the storage domain where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform is Active.
   5. Record the Domain Name for use later on.
   6. Confirm Free Space has at least 230 GiB.
   7. Confirm that the storage domain meets these etcd backend performance requirements, which can be measured using the fio performance benchmarking tool.
   8. In the data center details, click the Clusters tab.
   9. Find the RHV cluster where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform. Record the cluster name for use later on.

3. Inspect the RHV host resources.

   1. In the RHV Administration Portal, click Compute > Clusters.
   2. Click the cluster where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform.
   3. In the cluster details, click the Hosts tab.
   4. Inspect the hosts and confirm they have a combined total of at least 28 Logical CPU Cores available exclusively for the OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
   5. Record the number of available Logical CPU Cores for use later on.
   6. Confirm that these CPU cores are distributed so each of the seven virtual machines created during installation can have four cores.

   7. Confirm that, all together, the hosts have 112 GiB of Max free Memory for scheduling new VMs distributed to meet the requirements for each of the following OpenShift Container Platform machines:

      • 16 GiB required for the bootstrap machine
      • 16 GiB required for each of the three control plane machines
      • 16 GiB for each of the three compute machines
   8. Record the amount of Max free Memory for scheduling new VMs for use later on.

4. Verify that the virtual network for installing OpenShift Container Platform has access to the RHV Manager’s REST API. From a virtual machine on this network, use a curl command with the RHV Manager’s REST API. Use the following format:

   curl -k -u <username>@<profile>:<password> \ 1
   https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/api 2

   1

   For <username>, specify the user name of an RHV administrator. For <profile>, specify the login profile, which you can get by going to the RHV Administration Portal login page and reviewing the Profile dropdown list. For <password>, specify the admin password.

   2

   For <engine-fqdn>, specify the fully qualified domain name of the RHV environment.

   For example:

   $ curl -k -u rhvadmin@internal:pw123 \
   https://rhv-env.virtlab.example.com/ovirt-engine/api

Procedure

1. Reserve three static IP addresses

   1. On the network where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform, identify three static IP addresses that are outside the DHCP lease pool.

   2. Connect to a host on this network and verify that each of the IP addresses is not in use. For example, use Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) to check that none of the IP addresses have entries:

      $ arp 10.35.1.19
      10.35.1.19 (10.35.1.19) -- no entry

   3. Reserve three static IP addresses following the standard practices for your network environment.
   4. Record these IP addresses for future reference.

2. Create DNS entries for the OpenShift Container Platform REST API and apps domain names using this format:

   api.<cluster-name>.<base-domain>   <ip-address> 1
   *.apps.<cluster-name>.<base-domain>   <ip-address> 2

   1

   For <cluster-name>, <base-domain>, and <ip-address>, specify the cluster name, base domain, and static IP address of your OpenShift Container Platform API.

   2

   Specify the cluster name, base domain, and static IP address of your OpenShift Container Platform apps for Ingress and the load balancer.

   For example:

   api.my-cluster.virtlab.example.com	10.35.1.19
   *.apps.my-cluster.virtlab.example.com	10.35.1.20

   Note

   The third static IP address does not require a DNS entry. The OpenShift Container Platform cluster uses that address for its internal DNS service.

Procedure

1. Use either of these two methods to download the CA certificate:

   • Go to the Manager’s webpage, https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/. Then, under Downloads, click the CA Certificate link.

   • Run the following command:

     $ curl -k 'https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/services/pki-resource?resource=ca-certificate&format=X509-PEM-CA' -o /tmp/ca.pem  1

     1

     For <engine-fqdn>, specify the fully qualified domain name of the RHV Manager, such as rhv-env.virtlab.example.com.

2. Configure the CA file to grant rootless user access to the Manager. Set the CA file permissions to have an octal value of 0644 (symbolic value: -rw-r—​r--):

   $ sudo chmod 0644 /tmp/ca.pem

3. For Linux, copy the CA certificate to the directory for server certificates. Use -p to preserve the permissions:

   $ sudo cp -p /tmp/ca.pem /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ca.pem

4. Add the certificate to the certificate manager for your operating system:

   • For macOS, double-click the certificate file and use the Keychain Access utility to add the file to the System keychain.

   • For Linux, update the CA trust:

     $ sudo update-ca-trust

     Note

     If you use your own certificate authority, make sure the system trusts it.

Procedure

1. If you do not have an SSH key that is configured for password-less authentication on your computer, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

   $ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' \
       -f <path>/<file_name> 1

   1

   Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa, of the SSH key. Do not specify an existing SSH key, as it will be overwritten.

   Running this command generates an SSH key that does not require a password in the location that you specified.

2. Start the ssh-agent process as a background task:

   $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"
   
   Agent pid 31874

3. Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:

   $ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> 1
   
   Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)

   1

   Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Procedure

1. Access the Infrastructure Provider page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site. If you have a Red Hat account, log in with your credentials. If you do not, create an account.

2. Navigate to the page for your installation type, download the installation program for your operating system, and place the file in the directory where you will store the installation configuration files.

   Important

   The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep both the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster.

   Important

   Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. You must complete the OpenShift Container Platform uninstallation procedures outlined for your specific cloud provider to remove your cluster entirely.

3. Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

   $ tar xvf <installation_program>.tar.gz

4. From the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site, download your installation pull secret as a .txt file. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

Procedure

1. Run the installation program:

   $ sudo ./openshift-install create cluster --dir=<installation_directory> \ 1
       --log-level=info 2

   1

   For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.

   2

   To view different installation details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.

   Important

   Specify an empty directory. Some installation assets, like bootstrap X.509 certificates have short expiration intervals, so you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.

   Respond to the installation program prompts.

   1. Optional: For SSH Public Key, select a password-less public key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. This key authenticates connections with the new OpenShift Container Platform cluster.

      Note

      For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, select an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

   2. For Platform, select ovirt.

   3. For Enter oVirt’s API endpoint URL, enter the URL of the RHV API using this format:

      https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/api 1

      1

      For <engine-fqdn>, specify the fully qualified domain name of the RHV environment.

      For example:

      https://rhv-env.virtlab.example.com/ovirt-engine/api

   4. For Is the installed oVirt certificate trusted?, enter Yes since you have already set up a CA certificate. Otherwise, enter No.
   5. For oVirt’s CA bundle, if you entered Yes for the preceding question, copy the certificate content from /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ca.pem and paste it here. Then, press Enter twice. Otherwise, if you entered No for the preceding question, this question does not appear.

   6. For Enter the oVirt engine username, enter the username and profile of the RHV administrator using this format:

      <username>@<profile> 1

      1

      For <username>, specify the username of an RHV administrator. For <profile>, specify the login profile, which you can get by going to the RHV Administration Portal login page and reviewing the Profile dropdown list. Together, the user name and profile should look similar to this example:

      admin@internal

   7. For Enter password, enter the RHV admin password.
   8. For Select the oVirt cluster, select the cluster for installing OpenShift Container Platform.
   9. For Select the oVirt storage domain, select the storage domain for installing OpenShift Container Platform.
   10. For Select the oVirt network, select a virtual network that has access to the RHV Manager REST API.
   11. For Enter the internal API Virtual IP, enter the static IP address you set aside for the cluster’s REST API.
   12. For Enter the internal DNS Virtual IP, enter the static IP address you set aside for the cluster’s internal DNS service.
   13. For Enter the ingress IP, enter the static IP address you reserved for the wildcard apps domain.
   14. For Base domain, enter the base domain of the OpenShift Container Platform cluster. If this cluster is exposed to the outside world, this must be a valid domain recognized by DNS infrastructure. For example, enter: virtlab.example.com
   15. For Cluster name, enter the name of the cluster. For example, my-cluster. Use cluster name from the externally registered/resolvable DNS entries you created for the OpenShift Container Platform REST API and apps domain names. The installation program also gives this name to the cluster in the RHV environment.
   16. For Pull secret, copy the pull secret from the pull-secret.txt file you downloaded earlier and paste it here. You can also get a copy of the same pull secret from the Pull Secret page on the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager site.
   Note

   If the cloud provider account that you configured on your host does not have sufficient permissions to deploy the cluster, the installation process stops, and the missing permissions are displayed.

   When the cluster deployment completes, directions for accessing your cluster, including a link to its web console and credentials for the kubeadmin user, display in your terminal.

   Important

   The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours, which are then renewed at that time. If the cluster is shut down before renewing the certificates and the cluster is later restarted after the 24 hours have elapsed, the cluster automatically recovers the expired certificates. The exception is that you must manually approve the pending node-bootstrapper certificate signing requests (CSRs) to recover kubelet certificates. See the documentation for Recovering from expired control plane certificates for more information.

   Important

   You must not delete the installation program or the files that the installation program creates. Both are required to delete the cluster.