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9.17.11. Configuring virtual GPUs

If you have graphics processing unit (GPU) cards, OpenShift Virtualization can automatically create virtual GPUs (vGPUs) that you can assign to virtual machines (VMs).

9.17.11.1. About using virtual GPUs with OpenShift Virtualization
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Some graphics processing unit (GPU) cards support the creation of virtual GPUs (vGPUs). OpenShift Virtualization can automatically create vGPUs and other mediated devices if an administrator provides configuration details in the HyperConverged custom resource (CR).

This automation is especially useful for large clusters.

참고

Refer to your hardware vendor’s documentation for functionality and support details.

Mediated device
A physical device that is divided into one or more virtual devices. A vGPU is a type of mediated device (mdev); the performance of the physical GPU is divided among the virtual devices. You can assign mediated devices to one or more virtual machines (VMs), but the number of guests must be compatible with your GPU. Some GPUs do not support multiple guests.
9.17.11.1.1. Adding kernel arguments to enable the IOMMU driver
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You must enable the Input-Output Memory Management Unit (IOMMU) driver before you can configure mediated devices. To enable the IOMMU driver in the kernel, create the MachineConfig object and add the kernel arguments.

Prerequisites

  • You have cluster administrator permissions.
  • Your CPU hardware is Intel or AMD.
  • You enabled Intel Virtualization Technology for Directed I/O extensions or AMD IOMMU in the BIOS.
  • You have installed the OpenShift CLI (oc).

Procedure

  1. Create a MachineConfig object that identifies the kernel argument. The following example shows a kernel argument for an Intel CPU. 

    apiVersion: machineconfiguration.openshift.io/v1
kind: MachineConfig
metadata:
  labels:
    machineconfiguration.openshift.io/role: worker
  name: 100-worker-iommu
spec:
  config:
    ignition:
      version: 3.2.0
  kernelArguments:
      - intel_iommu=on
# ...
    • metadata.labels.machineconfiguration.openshift.io/role specifies that the new kernel argument is applied only to worker nodes.
    • metadata.name specifies the ranking of this kernel argument (100) among the machine configs and its purpose. If you have an AMD CPU, specify the kernel argument as amd_iommu=on.
    • spec.kernelArguments specifies the kernel argument as intel_iommu for an Intel CPU.

  2. Create the new MachineConfig object: 

    $ oc create -f 100-worker-kernel-arg-iommu.yaml

Verification

  1. Verify that the new MachineConfig object was added by entering the following command and observing the output: 

    $ oc get MachineConfig

    Example output: 

    NAME                                       IGNITIONVERSION                    AGE
00-master                                   3.5.0                             164m
00-worker                                   3.5.0                             164m
01-master-container-runtime                 3.5.0                             164m
01-master-kubelet                           3.5.0                             164m
01-worker-container-runtime                 3.5.0                             164m
01-worker-kubelet                           3.5.0                             164m
100-master-chrony-configuration             3.5.0                             169m
100-master-set-core-user-password           3.5.0                             169m
100-worker-chrony-configuration             3.5.0                             169m
100-worker-iommu                            3.5.0                             14s

  2. Verify that IOMMU is enabled at the operating system (OS) level by entering the following command: 

    $ dmesg | grep -i iommu

    • If IOMMU is enabled, output is displayed as shown in the following example:

      Example output: 

      Intel: [ 0.000000] DMAR: Intel(R) IOMMU Driver
AMD: [ 0.000000] AMD-Vi: IOMMU Initialized
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