Chapter 1. Installing on RHV

Procedure

1. Check the RHV version.

   1. In the RHV Administration Portal, click the ? help icon in the upper-right corner and select About.
   2. In the window that opens, make a note of the RHV Software Version.
   3. Confirm that version 4.6 of OpenShift Container Platform and the version of RHV you noted are one of the supported combinations in the Support Matrix for OpenShift Container Platform on RHV.

2. Inspect the data center, cluster, and storage.

   1. In the RHV Administration Portal, click Compute Data Centers.
   2. Confirm that the data center where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform is accessible.
   3. Click the name of that data center.
   4. In the data center details, on the Storage tab, confirm the storage domain where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform is Active.
   5. Record the Domain Name for use later on.
   6. Confirm Free Space has at least 230 GiB.
   7. Confirm that the storage domain meets these etcd backend performance requirements, which you can measure by using the fio performance benchmarking tool.
   8. In the data center details, click the Clusters tab.
   9. Find the RHV cluster where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform. Record the cluster name for use later on.

3. Inspect the RHV host resources.

   1. In the RHV Administration Portal, click Compute > Clusters.
   2. Click the cluster where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform.
   3. In the cluster details, click the Hosts tab.
   4. Inspect the hosts and confirm they have a combined total of at least 28 Logical CPU Cores available exclusively for the OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
   5. Record the number of available Logical CPU Cores for use later on.
   6. Confirm that these CPU cores are distributed so that each of the seven virtual machines created during installation can have four cores.

   7. Confirm that, all together, the hosts have 112 GiB of Max free Memory for scheduling new virtual machines distributed to meet the requirements for each of the following OpenShift Container Platform machines:

      • 16 GiB required for the bootstrap machine
      • 16 GiB required for each of the three control plane machines
      • 16 GiB for each of the three compute machines
   8. Record the amount of Max free Memory for scheduling new virtual machines for use later on.

4. Verify that the virtual network for installing OpenShift Container Platform has access to the RHV Manager’s REST API. From a virtual machine on this network, use curl to reach the RHV Manager’s REST API:

   $ curl -k -u <username>@<profile>:<password> \ 1
   https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/api 2

   1

   For <username>, specify the user name of an RHV account with privileges to create and manage an OpenShift Container Platform cluster on RHV. For <profile>, specify the login profile, which you can get by going to the RHV Administration Portal login page and reviewing the Profile dropdown list. For <password>, specify the password for that user name.

   2

   For <engine-fqdn>, specify the fully qualified domain name of the RHV environment.

   For example:

   $ curl -k -u ocpadmin@internal:pw123 \
   https://rhv-env.virtlab.example.com/ovirt-engine/api

Procedure

1. Reserve two static IP addresses

   1. On the network where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform, identify two static IP addresses that are outside the DHCP lease pool.

   2. Connect to a host on this network and verify that each of the IP addresses is not in use. For example, use Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) to check that none of the IP addresses have entries:

      $ arp 10.35.1.19

      Example output

      10.35.1.19 (10.35.1.19) -- no entry

   3. Reserve two static IP addresses following the standard practices for your network environment.
   4. Record these IP addresses for future reference.

2. Create DNS entries for the OpenShift Container Platform REST API and apps domain names using this format:

   api.<cluster-name>.<base-domain>   <ip-address> 1
   *.apps.<cluster-name>.<base-domain>   <ip-address> 2

   1

   For <cluster-name>, <base-domain>, and <ip-address>, specify the cluster name, base domain, and static IP address of your OpenShift Container Platform API.

   2

   Specify the cluster name, base domain, and static IP address of your OpenShift Container Platform apps for Ingress and the load balancer.

   For example:

   api.my-cluster.virtlab.example.com	10.35.1.19
   *.apps.my-cluster.virtlab.example.com	10.35.1.20

Procedure

1. Use either of these two methods to download the CA certificate:

   • Go to the Manager’s webpage, https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/. Then, under Downloads, click the CA Certificate link.

   • Run the following command:

     $ curl -k 'https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/services/pki-resource?resource=ca-certificate&format=X509-PEM-CA' -o /tmp/ca.pem  1

     1

     For <engine-fqdn>, specify the fully qualified domain name of the RHV Manager, such as rhv-env.virtlab.example.com.

2. Configure the CA file to grant rootless user access to the Manager. Set the CA file permissions to have an octal value of 0644 (symbolic value: -rw-r—​r--):

   $ sudo chmod 0644 /tmp/ca.pem

3. For Linux, copy the CA certificate to the directory for server certificates. Use -p to preserve the permissions:

   $ sudo cp -p /tmp/ca.pem /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ca.pem

4. Add the certificate to the certificate manager for your operating system:

   • For macOS, double-click the certificate file and use the Keychain Access utility to add the file to the System keychain.

   • For Linux, update the CA trust:

     $ sudo update-ca-trust

     Note

     If you use your own certificate authority, make sure the system trusts it.

Procedure

1. If you do not have an SSH key that is configured for password-less authentication on your computer, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

   $ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' \
       -f <path>/<file_name> 1

   1

   Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa, of the new SSH key. If you have an existing key pair, ensure your public key is in the your ~/.ssh directory.

   Running this command generates an SSH key that does not require a password in the location that you specified.

   Note

   If you plan to install an OpenShift Container Platform cluster that uses FIPS Validated / Modules in Process cryptographic libraries on the x86_64 architecture, do not create a key that uses the ed25519 algorithm. Instead, create a key that uses the rsa or ecdsa algorithm.

2. Start the ssh-agent process as a background task:

   $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"

   Example output

   Agent pid 31874

   Note

   If your cluster is in FIPS mode, only use FIPS-compliant algorithms to generate the SSH key. The key must be either RSA or ECDSA.

3. Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:

   $ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> 1

   Example output

   Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)

   1

   Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Procedure

1. Access the Infrastructure Provider page on the OpenShift Cluster Manager site. If you have a Red Hat account, log in with your credentials. If you do not, create an account.
2. Select your infrastructure provider.

3. Navigate to the page for your installation type, download the installation program for your operating system, and place the file in the directory where you will store the installation configuration files.

   Important

   The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster. Both files are required to delete the cluster.

   Important

   Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. To remove your cluster, complete the OpenShift Container Platform uninstallation procedures for your specific cloud provider.

4. Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

   $ tar xvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz

5. Download your installation pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

Procedure

1. Change to the directory that contains the installation program and initialize the cluster deployment:

   $ ./openshift-install create cluster --dir <installation_directory> \ 1
       --log-level=info 2

   1

   For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.

   2

   To view different installation details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.

   Important

   Specify an empty directory. Some installation assets, like bootstrap X.509 certificates have short expiration intervals, so you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.

   Respond to the installation program prompts.

   1. Optional: For SSH Public Key, select a password-less public key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. This key authenticates connections with the new OpenShift Container Platform cluster.

      Note

      For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, select an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

   2. For Platform, select ovirt.

   3. For Engine FQDN[:PORT], enter the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the RHV environment.

      For example:

      rhv-env.virtlab.example.com:443

   4. The installer automatically generates a CA certificate. For Would you like to use the above certificate to connect to the Manager?, answer y or N. If you answer N, you must install OpenShift Container Platform in insecure mode.

   5. For Engine username, enter the user name and profile of the RHV administrator using this format:

      <username>@<profile> 1

      1

      For <username>, specify the user name of an RHV administrator. For <profile>, specify the login profile, which you can get by going to the RHV Administration Portal login page and reviewing the Profile dropdown list. For example: admin@internal.

   6. For Engine password, enter the RHV admin password.
   7. For Cluster, select the RHV cluster for installing OpenShift Container Platform.
   8. For Storage domain, select the storage domain for installing OpenShift Container Platform.
   9. For Network, select a virtual network that has access to the RHV Manager REST API.
   10. For Internal API Virtual IP, enter the static IP address you set aside for the cluster’s REST API.
   11. For Ingress virtual IP, enter the static IP address you reserved for the wildcard apps domain.
   12. For Base Domain, enter the base domain of the OpenShift Container Platform cluster. If this cluster is exposed to the outside world, this must be a valid domain recognized by DNS infrastructure. For example, enter: virtlab.example.com
   13. For Cluster Name, enter the name of the cluster. For example, my-cluster. Use cluster name from the externally registered/resolvable DNS entries you created for the OpenShift Container Platform REST API and apps domain names. The installation program also gives this name to the cluster in the RHV environment.
   14. For Pull Secret, copy the pull secret from the pull-secret.txt file you downloaded earlier and paste it here. You can also get a copy of the same pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager.
   Note

   If the cloud provider account that you configured on your host does not have sufficient permissions to deploy the cluster, the installation process stops, and the missing permissions are displayed.

   When the cluster deployment completes, directions for accessing your cluster, including a link to its web console and credentials for the kubeadmin user, display in your terminal.

   Example output

   ...
   INFO Install complete!
   INFO To access the cluster as the system:admin user when using 'oc', run 'export KUBECONFIG=/home/myuser/install_dir/auth/kubeconfig'
   INFO Access the OpenShift web-console here: https://console-openshift-console.apps.mycluster.example.com
   INFO Login to the console with user: "kubeadmin", and password: "4vYBz-Ee6gm-ymBZj-Wt5AL"
   INFO Time elapsed: 36m22s

   Note

   The cluster access and credential information also outputs to <installation_directory>/.openshift_install.log when an installation succeeds.

   Important
   • The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours, which are then renewed at that time. If the cluster is shut down before renewing the certificates and the cluster is later restarted after the 24 hours have elapsed, the cluster automatically recovers the expired certificates. The exception is that you must manually approve the pending node-bootstrapper certificate signing requests (CSRs) to recover kubelet certificates. See the documentation for Recovering from expired control plane certificates for more information.
   • It is recommended that you use Ignition config files within 12 hours after they are generated because the 24-hour certificate rotates from 16 to 22 hours after the cluster is installed. By using the Ignition config files within 12 hours, you can avoid installation failure if the certificate update runs during installation.
   Important

   You must not delete the installation program or the files that the installation program creates. Both are required to delete the cluster.

Procedure

1. Export the kubeadmin credentials:

   $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1

   1

   For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.

2. Verify you can run oc commands successfully using the exported configuration:

   $ oc whoami

   Example output

   system:admin

Procedure

1. In the cluster environment, export the administrator’s kubeconfig file:

   $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1

   1

   For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.

   The kubeconfig file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server.

2. View the control plane and compute machines created after a deployment:

   $ oc get nodes

3. View your cluster’s version:

   $ oc get clusterversion

4. View your Operators' status:

   $ oc get clusteroperator

5. View all running pods in the cluster:

   $ oc get pods -A

Procedure

1. Optional: In the Red Hat Virtualization (RHV) Administration Portal, open Compute Cluster.
2. Verify that the installation program creates the virtual machines.
3. Return to the command line where the installation program is running. When the installation program finishes, it displays the user name and temporary password for logging into the OpenShift Container Platform web console.

4. In a browser, open the URL of the OpenShift Container Platform web console. The URL uses this format:

   console-openshift-console.apps.<clustername>.<basedomain> 1

   1

   For <clustername>.<basedomain>, specify the cluster name and base domain.

   For example:

   console-openshift-console.apps.my-cluster.virtlab.example.com

Procedure

1. Check the RHV version.

   1. In the RHV Administration Portal, click the ? help icon in the upper-right corner and select About.
   2. In the window that opens, make a note of the RHV Software Version.
   3. Confirm that version 4.6 of OpenShift Container Platform and the version of RHV you noted are one of the supported combinations in the Support Matrix for OpenShift Container Platform on RHV.

2. Inspect the data center, cluster, and storage.

   1. In the RHV Administration Portal, click Compute Data Centers.
   2. Confirm that the data center where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform is accessible.
   3. Click the name of that data center.
   4. In the data center details, on the Storage tab, confirm the storage domain where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform is Active.
   5. Record the Domain Name for use later on.
   6. Confirm Free Space has at least 230 GiB.
   7. Confirm that the storage domain meets these etcd backend performance requirements, which you can measure by using the fio performance benchmarking tool.
   8. In the data center details, click the Clusters tab.
   9. Find the RHV cluster where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform. Record the cluster name for use later on.

3. Inspect the RHV host resources.

   1. In the RHV Administration Portal, click Compute > Clusters.
   2. Click the cluster where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform.
   3. In the cluster details, click the Hosts tab.
   4. Inspect the hosts and confirm they have a combined total of at least 28 Logical CPU Cores available exclusively for the OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
   5. Record the number of available Logical CPU Cores for use later on.
   6. Confirm that these CPU cores are distributed so that each of the seven virtual machines created during installation can have four cores.

   7. Confirm that, all together, the hosts have 112 GiB of Max free Memory for scheduling new virtual machines distributed to meet the requirements for each of the following OpenShift Container Platform machines:

      • 16 GiB required for the bootstrap machine
      • 16 GiB required for each of the three control plane machines
      • 16 GiB for each of the three compute machines
   8. Record the amount of Max free Memory for scheduling new virtual machines for use later on.

4. Verify that the virtual network for installing OpenShift Container Platform has access to the RHV Manager’s REST API. From a virtual machine on this network, use curl to reach the RHV Manager’s REST API:

   $ curl -k -u <username>@<profile>:<password> \ 1
   https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/api 2

   1

   For <username>, specify the user name of an RHV account with privileges to create and manage an OpenShift Container Platform cluster on RHV. For <profile>, specify the login profile, which you can get by going to the RHV Administration Portal login page and reviewing the Profile dropdown list. For <password>, specify the password for that user name.

   2

   For <engine-fqdn>, specify the fully qualified domain name of the RHV environment.

   For example:

   $ curl -k -u ocpadmin@internal:pw123 \
   https://rhv-env.virtlab.example.com/ovirt-engine/api

Procedure

1. Reserve two static IP addresses

   1. On the network where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform, identify two static IP addresses that are outside the DHCP lease pool.

   2. Connect to a host on this network and verify that each of the IP addresses is not in use. For example, use Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) to check that none of the IP addresses have entries:

      $ arp 10.35.1.19

      Example output

      10.35.1.19 (10.35.1.19) -- no entry

   3. Reserve two static IP addresses following the standard practices for your network environment.
   4. Record these IP addresses for future reference.

2. Create DNS entries for the OpenShift Container Platform REST API and apps domain names using this format:

   api.<cluster-name>.<base-domain>   <ip-address> 1
   *.apps.<cluster-name>.<base-domain>   <ip-address> 2

   1

   For <cluster-name>, <base-domain>, and <ip-address>, specify the cluster name, base domain, and static IP address of your OpenShift Container Platform API.

   2

   Specify the cluster name, base domain, and static IP address of your OpenShift Container Platform apps for Ingress and the load balancer.

   For example:

   api.my-cluster.virtlab.example.com	10.35.1.19
   *.apps.my-cluster.virtlab.example.com	10.35.1.20

Procedure

1. Use either of these two methods to download the CA certificate:

   • Go to the Manager’s webpage, https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/. Then, under Downloads, click the CA Certificate link.

   • Run the following command:

     $ curl -k 'https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/services/pki-resource?resource=ca-certificate&format=X509-PEM-CA' -o /tmp/ca.pem  1

     1

     For <engine-fqdn>, specify the fully qualified domain name of the RHV Manager, such as rhv-env.virtlab.example.com.

2. Configure the CA file to grant rootless user access to the Manager. Set the CA file permissions to have an octal value of 0644 (symbolic value: -rw-r—​r--):

   $ sudo chmod 0644 /tmp/ca.pem

3. For Linux, copy the CA certificate to the directory for server certificates. Use -p to preserve the permissions:

   $ sudo cp -p /tmp/ca.pem /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ca.pem

4. Add the certificate to the certificate manager for your operating system:

   • For macOS, double-click the certificate file and use the Keychain Access utility to add the file to the System keychain.

   • For Linux, update the CA trust:

     $ sudo update-ca-trust

     Note

     If you use your own certificate authority, make sure the system trusts it.

Procedure

1. If you do not have an SSH key that is configured for password-less authentication on your computer, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

   $ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' \
       -f <path>/<file_name> 1

   1

   Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa, of the new SSH key. If you have an existing key pair, ensure your public key is in the your ~/.ssh directory.

   Running this command generates an SSH key that does not require a password in the location that you specified.

   Note

   If you plan to install an OpenShift Container Platform cluster that uses FIPS Validated / Modules in Process cryptographic libraries on the x86_64 architecture, do not create a key that uses the ed25519 algorithm. Instead, create a key that uses the rsa or ecdsa algorithm.

2. Start the ssh-agent process as a background task:

   $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"

   Example output

   Agent pid 31874

   Note

   If your cluster is in FIPS mode, only use FIPS-compliant algorithms to generate the SSH key. The key must be either RSA or ECDSA.

3. Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:

   $ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> 1

   Example output

   Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)

   1

   Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Procedure

1. Access the Infrastructure Provider page on the OpenShift Cluster Manager site. If you have a Red Hat account, log in with your credentials. If you do not, create an account.
2. Select your infrastructure provider.

3. Navigate to the page for your installation type, download the installation program for your operating system, and place the file in the directory where you will store the installation configuration files.

   Important

   The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster. Both files are required to delete the cluster.

   Important

   Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. To remove your cluster, complete the OpenShift Container Platform uninstallation procedures for your specific cloud provider.

4. Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

   $ tar xvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz

5. Download your installation pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

Procedure

1. Create the install-config.yaml file.

   1. Change to the directory that contains the installation program and run the following command:

      $ ./openshift-install create install-config --dir <installation_directory> 1

      1

      For <installation_directory>, specify the directory name to store the files that the installation program creates.

      Important

      Specify an empty directory. Some installation assets, like bootstrap X.509 certificates have short expiration intervals, so you must not reuse an installation directory. If you want to reuse individual files from another cluster installation, you can copy them into your directory. However, the file names for the installation assets might change between releases. Use caution when copying installation files from an earlier OpenShift Container Platform version.

   2. Respond to the installation program prompts.

      1. For SSH Public Key, select a password-less public key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. This key authenticates connections with the new OpenShift Container Platform cluster.

         Note

         For production OpenShift Container Platform clusters on which you want to perform installation debugging or disaster recovery, select an SSH key that your ssh-agent process uses.

      2. For Platform, select ovirt.

      3. For Enter oVirt’s API endpoint URL, enter the URL of the RHV API using this format:

         https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/api 1

         1

         For <engine-fqdn>, specify the fully qualified domain name of the RHV environment.

         For example:

         $ curl -k -u ocpadmin@internal:pw123 \
         https://rhv-env.virtlab.example.com/ovirt-engine/api

      4. For Is the oVirt CA trusted locally?, enter Yes since you have already set up a CA certificate. Otherwise, enter No.
      5. For oVirt’s CA bundle, if you entered Yes for the preceding question, copy the certificate content from /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ca.pem and paste it here. Then, press Enter twice. Otherwise, if you entered No for the preceding question, this question does not appear.

      6. For oVirt engine username, enter the user name and profile of the RHV administrator using this format:

         <username>@<profile> 1

         1

         For <username>, specify the user name of an RHV administrator. For <profile>, specify the login profile, which you can get by going to the RHV Administration Portal login page and reviewing the Profile dropdown list. Together, the user name and profile should look similar to this example:

         ocpadmin@internal

      7. For oVirt engine password, enter the RHV admin password.
      8. For oVirt cluster, select the cluster for installing OpenShift Container Platform.
      9. For oVirt storage domain, select the storage domain for installing OpenShift Container Platform.
      10. For oVirt network, select a virtual network that has access to the Manager REST API.
      11. For Internal API Virtual IP, enter the static IP address you set aside for the cluster’s REST API.
      12. For Ingress virtual IP, enter the static IP address you reserved for the wildcard apps domain.
      13. For Base Domain, enter the base domain of the OpenShift Container Platform cluster. If this cluster is exposed to the outside world, this must be a valid domain recognized by DNS infrastructure. For example, enter: virtlab.example.com
      14. For Cluster Name, enter the name of the cluster. For example, my-cluster. Use cluster name from the externally registered/resolvable DNS entries you created for the OpenShift Container Platform REST API and apps domain names. The installation program also gives this name to the cluster in the RHV environment.
      15. For Pull Secret, copy the pull secret from the pull-secret.txt file you downloaded earlier and paste it here. You can also get a copy of the same pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager.
2. Modify the install-config.yaml file. You can find more information about the available parameters in the Installation configuration parameters section.

3. Back up the install-config.yaml file so that you can use it to install multiple clusters.

   Important

   The install-config.yaml file is consumed during the installation process. If you want to reuse the file, you must back it up now.

Procedure

1. Change to the directory that contains the installation program and initialize the cluster deployment:

   $ ./openshift-install create cluster --dir <installation_directory> \ 1
       --log-level=info 2

   1

   For <installation_directory>, specify the location of your customized ./install-config.yaml file.

   2

   To view different installation details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.

   Note

   If the cloud provider account that you configured on your host does not have sufficient permissions to deploy the cluster, the installation process stops, and the missing permissions are displayed.

   When the cluster deployment completes, directions for accessing your cluster, including a link to its web console and credentials for the kubeadmin user, display in your terminal.

   Example output

   ...
   INFO Install complete!
   INFO To access the cluster as the system:admin user when using 'oc', run 'export KUBECONFIG=/home/myuser/install_dir/auth/kubeconfig'
   INFO Access the OpenShift web-console here: https://console-openshift-console.apps.mycluster.example.com
   INFO Login to the console with user: "kubeadmin", and password: "4vYBz-Ee6gm-ymBZj-Wt5AL"
   INFO Time elapsed: 36m22s

   Note

   The cluster access and credential information also outputs to <installation_directory>/.openshift_install.log when an installation succeeds.

   Important
   • The Ignition config files that the installation program generates contain certificates that expire after 24 hours, which are then renewed at that time. If the cluster is shut down before renewing the certificates and the cluster is later restarted after the 24 hours have elapsed, the cluster automatically recovers the expired certificates. The exception is that you must manually approve the pending node-bootstrapper certificate signing requests (CSRs) to recover kubelet certificates. See the documentation for Recovering from expired control plane certificates for more information.
   • It is recommended that you use Ignition config files within 12 hours after they are generated because the 24-hour certificate rotates from 16 to 22 hours after the cluster is installed. By using the Ignition config files within 12 hours, you can avoid installation failure if the certificate update runs during installation.
   Important

   You must not delete the installation program or the files that the installation program creates. Both are required to delete the cluster.

Procedure

1. Export the kubeadmin credentials:

   $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1

   1

   For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.

2. Verify you can run oc commands successfully using the exported configuration:

   $ oc whoami

   Example output

   system:admin

Procedure

1. In the cluster environment, export the administrator’s kubeconfig file:

   $ export KUBECONFIG=<installation_directory>/auth/kubeconfig 1

   1

   For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.

   The kubeconfig file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server.

2. View the control plane and compute machines created after a deployment:

   $ oc get nodes

3. View your cluster’s version:

   $ oc get clusterversion

4. View your Operators' status:

   $ oc get clusteroperator

5. View all running pods in the cluster:

   $ oc get pods -A

Procedure

1. Optional: In the Red Hat Virtualization (RHV) Administration Portal, open Compute Cluster.
2. Verify that the installation program creates the virtual machines.
3. Return to the command line where the installation program is running. When the installation program finishes, it displays the user name and temporary password for logging into the OpenShift Container Platform web console.

4. In a browser, open the URL of the OpenShift Container Platform web console. The URL uses this format:

   console-openshift-console.apps.<clustername>.<basedomain> 1

   1

   For <clustername>.<basedomain>, specify the cluster name and base domain.

   For example:

   console-openshift-console.apps.my-cluster.virtlab.example.com

Procedure

1. Check the RHV version.

   1. In the RHV Administration Portal, click the ? help icon in the upper-right corner and select About.
   2. In the window that opens, make a note of the RHV Software Version.
   3. Confirm that version 4.6 of OpenShift Container Platform and the version of RHV you noted are one of the supported combinations in the Support Matrix for OpenShift Container Platform on RHV.

2. Inspect the data center, cluster, and storage.

   1. In the RHV Administration Portal, click Compute Data Centers.
   2. Confirm that the data center where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform is accessible.
   3. Click the name of that data center.
   4. In the data center details, on the Storage tab, confirm the storage domain where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform is Active.
   5. Record the Domain Name for use later on.
   6. Confirm Free Space has at least 230 GiB.
   7. Confirm that the storage domain meets these etcd backend performance requirements, which you can measure by using the fio performance benchmarking tool.
   8. In the data center details, click the Clusters tab.
   9. Find the RHV cluster where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform. Record the cluster name for use later on.

3. Inspect the RHV host resources.

   1. In the RHV Administration Portal, click Compute > Clusters.
   2. Click the cluster where you plan to install OpenShift Container Platform.
   3. In the cluster details, click the Hosts tab.
   4. Inspect the hosts and confirm they have a combined total of at least 28 Logical CPU Cores available exclusively for the OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
   5. Record the number of available Logical CPU Cores for use later on.
   6. Confirm that these CPU cores are distributed so that each of the seven virtual machines created during installation can have four cores.

   7. Confirm that, all together, the hosts have 112 GiB of Max free Memory for scheduling new virtual machines distributed to meet the requirements for each of the following OpenShift Container Platform machines:

      • 16 GiB required for the bootstrap machine
      • 16 GiB required for each of the three control plane machines
      • 16 GiB for each of the three compute machines
   8. Record the amount of Max free Memory for scheduling new virtual machines for use later on.

4. Verify that the virtual network for installing OpenShift Container Platform has access to the RHV Manager’s REST API. From a virtual machine on this network, use curl to reach the RHV Manager’s REST API:

   $ curl -k -u <username>@<profile>:<password> \ 1
   https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/api 2

   1

   For <username>, specify the user name of an RHV account with privileges to create and manage an OpenShift Container Platform cluster on RHV. For <profile>, specify the login profile, which you can get by going to the RHV Administration Portal login page and reviewing the Profile dropdown list. For <password>, specify the password for that user name.

   2

   For <engine-fqdn>, specify the fully qualified domain name of the RHV environment.

   For example:

   $ curl -k -u ocpadmin@internal:pw123 \
   https://rhv-env.virtlab.example.com/ovirt-engine/api

1. API load balancer: Provides a common endpoint for users, both human and machine, to interact with and configure the platform. Configure the following conditions:

   • Layer 4 load balancing only. This can be referred to as Raw TCP, SSL Passthrough, or SSL Bridge mode. If you use SSL Bridge mode, you must enable Server Name Indication (SNI) for the API routes.
   • A stateless load balancing algorithm. The options vary based on the load balancer implementation.
   Important

   Do not configure session persistence for an API load balancer.

   Configure the following ports on both the front and back of the load balancers:

   Table 1.9. API load balancer

   Port	Back-end machines (pool members)	Internal	External	Description
   6443	Bootstrap and control plane. You remove the bootstrap machine from the load balancer after the bootstrap machine initializes the cluster control plane. You must configure the /readyz endpoint for the API server health check probe.	X	X	Kubernetes API server
   22623	Bootstrap and control plane. You remove the bootstrap machine from the load balancer after the bootstrap machine initializes the cluster control plane.	X		Machine config server

   Note

   The load balancer must be configured to take a maximum of 30 seconds from the time the API server turns off the /readyz endpoint to the removal of the API server instance from the pool. Within the time frame after /readyz returns an error or becomes healthy, the endpoint must have been removed or added. Probing every 5 or 10 seconds, with two successful requests to become healthy and three to become unhealthy, are well-tested values.

2. Application Ingress load balancer: Provides an Ingress point for application traffic flowing in from outside the cluster. Configure the following conditions:

   • Layer 4 load balancing only. This can be referred to as Raw TCP, SSL Passthrough, or SSL Bridge mode. If you use SSL Bridge mode, you must enable Server Name Indication (SNI) for the Ingress routes.
   • A connection-based or session-based persistence is recommended, based on the options available and types of applications that will be hosted on the platform.

   Configure the following ports on both the front and back of the load balancers:

   Table 1.10. Application Ingress load balancer

   Port	Back-end machines (pool members)	Internal	External	Description
   443	The machines that run the Ingress router pods, compute, or worker, by default.	X	X	HTTPS traffic
   80	The machines that run the Ingress router pods, compute, or worker, by default.	X	X	HTTP traffic

Procedure

1. Update or install Python3 and Ansible. For example:

   # dnf update python3 ansible

2. Install the python3-ovirt-engine-sdk4 package to get the Python Software Development Kit.

3. Install the ovirt.image-template Ansible role. On the RHV Manager and other Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) machines, this role is distributed as the ovirt-ansible-image-template package. For example, enter:

   # dnf install ovirt-ansible-image-template

4. Install the ovirt.vm-infra Ansible role. On the RHV Manager and other RHEL machines, this role is distributed as the ovirt-ansible-vm-infra package.

   # dnf install ovirt-ansible-vm-infra

5. Create an environment variable and assign an absolute or relative path to it. For example, enter:

   $ export ASSETS_DIR=./wrk

   Note

   The installation program uses this variable to create a directory where it saves important installation-related files. Later, the installation process reuses this variable to locate those asset files. Avoid deleting this assets directory; it is required for uninstalling the cluster.

Procedure

1. Use either of these two methods to download the CA certificate:

   • Go to the Manager’s webpage, https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/. Then, under Downloads, click the CA Certificate link.

   • Run the following command:

     $ curl -k 'https://<engine-fqdn>/ovirt-engine/services/pki-resource?resource=ca-certificate&format=X509-PEM-CA' -o /tmp/ca.pem  1

     1

     For <engine-fqdn>, specify the fully qualified domain name of the RHV Manager, such as rhv-env.virtlab.example.com.

2. Configure the CA file to grant rootless user access to the Manager. Set the CA file permissions to have an octal value of 0644 (symbolic value: -rw-r—​r--):

   $ sudo chmod 0644 /tmp/ca.pem

3. For Linux, copy the CA certificate to the directory for server certificates. Use -p to preserve the permissions:

   $ sudo cp -p /tmp/ca.pem /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ca.pem

4. Add the certificate to the certificate manager for your operating system:

   • For macOS, double-click the certificate file and use the Keychain Access utility to add the file to the System keychain.

   • For Linux, update the CA trust:

     $ sudo update-ca-trust

     Note

     If you use your own certificate authority, make sure the system trusts it.

Procedure

1. If you do not have an SSH key that is configured for password-less authentication on your computer, create one. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

   $ ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -N '' \
       -f <path>/<file_name> 1

   1

   Specify the path and file name, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa, of the new SSH key. If you have an existing key pair, ensure your public key is in the your ~/.ssh directory.

   Running this command generates an SSH key that does not require a password in the location that you specified.

   Note

   If you plan to install an OpenShift Container Platform cluster that uses FIPS Validated / Modules in Process cryptographic libraries on the x86_64 architecture, do not create a key that uses the ed25519 algorithm. Instead, create a key that uses the rsa or ecdsa algorithm.

2. Start the ssh-agent process as a background task:

   $ eval "$(ssh-agent -s)"

   Example output

   Agent pid 31874

   Note

   If your cluster is in FIPS mode, only use FIPS-compliant algorithms to generate the SSH key. The key must be either RSA or ECDSA.

3. Add your SSH private key to the ssh-agent:

   $ ssh-add <path>/<file_name> 1

   Example output

   Identity added: /home/<you>/<path>/<file_name> (<computer_name>)

   1

   Specify the path and file name for your SSH private key, such as ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Procedure

1. Access the Infrastructure Provider page on the OpenShift Cluster Manager site. If you have a Red Hat account, log in with your credentials. If you do not, create an account.
2. Select your infrastructure provider.

3. Navigate to the page for your installation type, download the installation program for your operating system, and place the file in the directory where you will store the installation configuration files.

   Important

   The installation program creates several files on the computer that you use to install your cluster. You must keep the installation program and the files that the installation program creates after you finish installing the cluster. Both files are required to delete the cluster.

   Important

   Deleting the files created by the installation program does not remove your cluster, even if the cluster failed during installation. To remove your cluster, complete the OpenShift Container Platform uninstallation procedures for your specific cloud provider.

4. Extract the installation program. For example, on a computer that uses a Linux operating system, run the following command:

   $ tar xvf openshift-install-linux.tar.gz

5. Download your installation pull secret from the Red Hat OpenShift Cluster Manager. This pull secret allows you to authenticate with the services that are provided by the included authorities, including Quay.io, which serves the container images for OpenShift Container Platform components.

Procedure

1. Locate the RHCOS image download page for the version of OpenShift Container Platform you are installing, such as Index of /pub/openshift-v4/dependencies/rhcos/latest/latest.
2. From that download page, copy the URL of an OpenStack qcow2 image, such as https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/dependencies/rhcos/4.6/latest/rhcos-openstack.x86_64.qcow2.gz.

3. Edit the inventory.yml playbook you downloaded earlier. In it, paste the URL as the value for image_url. For example:

   rhcos:
     "https://mirror.openshift.com/pub/openshift-v4/dependencies/rhcos/4.6/latest/rhcos-openstack.x86_64.qcow2.gz"

Procedure

1. Run the installation program:

   $ openshift-install create install-config --dir $ASSETS_DIR

2. Respond to the installation program’s prompts with information about your system.

   Example output

   ? SSH Public Key /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa.pub
   ? Platform <ovirt>
   ? Engine FQDN[:PORT] [? for help] <engine.fqdn>
   ? Enter ovirt-engine username <ocpadmin@internal>
   ? Enter password <******>
   ? oVirt cluster <cluster>
   ? oVirt storage <storage>
   ? oVirt network <net>
   ? Internal API virtual IP <172.16.0.252>
   ? Ingress virtual IP <172.16.0.251>
   ? Base Domain <example.org>
   ? Cluster Name <ocp4>
   ? Pull Secret [? for help] <********>

Procedure

1. Set the number of compute nodes to zero replicas:

   $ python3 -c 'import os, yaml
   path = "%s/install-config.yaml" % os.environ["ASSETS_DIR"]
   conf = yaml.safe_load(open(path))
   conf["compute"][0]["replicas"] = 0
   open(path, "w").write(yaml.dump(conf, default_flow_style=False))'

2. Set the IP range of the machine network. For example, to set the range to 172.16.0.0/16, enter:

   $ python3 -c 'import os, yaml
   path = "%s/install-config.yaml" % os.environ["ASSETS_DIR"]
   conf = yaml.safe_load(open(path))
   conf["networking"]["machineNetwork"][0]["cidr"] = "172.16.0.0/16"
   open(path, "w").write(yaml.dump(conf, default_flow_style=False))'

3. Remove the ovirt section and change the platform to none:

   $ python3 -c 'import os, yaml
   path = "%s/install-config.yaml" % os.environ["ASSETS_DIR"]
   conf = yaml.safe_load(open(path))
   platform = conf["platform"]
   del platform["ovirt"]
   platform["none"] = {}
   open(path, "w").write(yaml.dump(conf, default_flow_style=False))'

Procedure

1. Optional: Create a backup copy of the install-config.yaml file:

   $ cp install-config.yaml install-config.yaml.backup

2. Generate a set of manifests in your assets directory:

   $ openshift-install create manifests --dir $ASSETS_DIR

   This command displays the following messages.

   Example output

   INFO Consuming Install Config from target directory
   WARNING Making control-plane schedulable by setting MastersSchedulable to true for Scheduler cluster settings

   The command generates the following manifest files:

   Example output

   $ tree
   .
   └── wrk
       ├── manifests
       │   ├── 04-openshift-machine-config-operator.yaml
       │   ├── cluster-config.yaml
       │   ├── cluster-dns-02-config.yml
       │   ├── cluster-infrastructure-02-config.yml
       │   ├── cluster-ingress-02-config.yml
       │   ├── cluster-network-01-crd.yml
       │   ├── cluster-network-02-config.yml
       │   ├── cluster-proxy-01-config.yaml
       │   ├── cluster-scheduler-02-config.yml
       │   ├── cvo-overrides.yaml
       │   ├── etcd-ca-bundle-configmap.yaml
       │   ├── etcd-client-secret.yaml
       │   ├── etcd-host-service-endpoints.yaml
       │   ├── etcd-host-service.yaml
       │   ├── etcd-metric-client-secret.yaml
       │   ├── etcd-metric-serving-ca-configmap.yaml
       │   ├── etcd-metric-signer-secret.yaml
       │   ├── etcd-namespace.yaml
       │   ├── etcd-service.yaml
       │   ├── etcd-serving-ca-configmap.yaml
       │   ├── etcd-signer-secret.yaml
       │   ├── kube-cloud-config.yaml
       │   ├── kube-system-configmap-root-ca.yaml
       │   ├── machine-config-server-tls-secret.yaml
       │   └── openshift-config-secret-pull-secret.yaml
       └── openshift
           ├── 99_kubeadmin-password-secret.yaml
           ├── 99_openshift-cluster-api_master-user-data-secret.yaml
           ├── 99_openshift-cluster-api_worker-user-data-secret.yaml
           ├── 99_openshift-machineconfig_99-master-ssh.yaml
           ├── 99_openshift-machineconfig_99-worker-ssh.yaml
           └── openshift-install-manifests.yaml

Procedure

1. To make the control plane nodes non-schedulable, enter:

   $ python3 -c 'import os, yaml
   path = "%s/manifests/cluster-scheduler-02-config.yml" % os.environ["ASSETS_DIR"]
   data = yaml.safe_load(open(path))
   data["spec"]["mastersSchedulable"] = False
   open(path, "w").write(yaml.dump(data, default_flow_style=False))'

Procedure

1. To build the Ignition files, enter:

   $ openshift-install create ignition-configs --dir $ASSETS_DIR

   Example output

   $ tree
   .
   └── wrk
       ├── auth
       │   ├── kubeadmin-password
       │   └── kubeconfig
       ├── bootstrap.ign
       ├── master.ign
       ├── metadata.json
       └── worker.ign

Procedure

1. In inventory.yml, under the control_plane and compute variables, change both instances of type: high_performance to type: server.

2. Optional: If you plan to perform multiple installations to the same cluster, create different templates for each OCP installation. In the inventory.yml file, prepend the value of template with infraID. For example:

     control_plane:
       cluster: "{{ ovirt_cluster }}"
       memory: 16GiB
       sockets: 4
       cores: 1
       template: "{{ metadata.infraID }}-rhcos_tpl"
       operating_system: "rhcos_x64"
       ...

3. Create the templates and virtual machines:

   $ ansible-playbook -i inventory.yml create-templates-and-vms.yml

Procedure

1. Create the bootstrap machine:

   $ ansible-playbook -i inventory.yml bootstrap.yml

2. Connect to the bootstrap machine using a console in the Administration Portal or SSH. Replace <bootstrap_ip> with the bootstrap node IP address. To use SSH, enter:

   $ ssh core@<boostrap.ip>

3. Collect bootkube.service journald unit logs for the release image service from the bootstrap node:

   [core@ocp4-lk6b4-bootstrap ~]$ journalctl -b -f -u release-image.service -u bootkube.service

   Note

   The bootkube.service log on the bootstrap node outputs etcd connection refused errors, indicating that the bootstrap server is unable to connect to etcd on control plane nodes (also known as the master nodes). After etcd has started on each control plane node and the nodes have joined the cluster, the errors should stop.

Procedure

1. Create the control plane nodes:

   $ ansible-playbook -i inventory.yml masters.yml

2. While the playbook creates your control plane, monitor the bootstrapping process:

   $ openshift-install wait-for bootstrap-complete --dir $ASSETS_DIR

   Example output

   INFO API v1.18.3+b74c5ed up
   INFO Waiting up to 40m0s for bootstrapping to complete...

3. When all the pods on the control plane nodes and etcd are up and running, the installation program displays the following output.

   Example output

   INFO It is now safe to remove the bootstrap resources

Procedure

1. In the cluster environment, export the administrator’s kubeconfig file:

   $ export KUBECONFIG=$ASSETS_DIR/auth/kubeconfig

   The kubeconfig file contains information about the cluster that is used by the CLI to connect a client to the correct cluster and API server.

2. View the control plane and compute machines created after a deployment:

   $ oc get nodes

3. View your cluster’s version:

   $ oc get clusterversion

4. View your Operators' status:

   $ oc get clusteroperator

5. View all running pods in the cluster:

   $ oc get pods -A

Procedure

1. To remove the bootstrap machine from the cluster, enter:

   $ ansible-playbook -i inventory.yml retire-bootstrap.yml

2. Remove settings for the bootstrap machine from the load balancer directives.

Procedure

1. Create the worker nodes:

   $ ansible-playbook -i inventory.yml workers.yml

2. To list all of the CSRs, enter:

   $ oc get csr -A

   Eventually, this command displays one CSR per node. For example:

   Example output

   NAME        AGE    SIGNERNAME                                    REQUESTOR                                                                   CONDITION
   csr-2lnxd   63m    kubernetes.io/kubelet-serving                 system:node:ocp4-lk6b4-master0.ocp4.example.org                             Approved,Issued
   csr-hff4q   64m    kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Approved,Issued
   csr-hsn96   60m    kubernetes.io/kubelet-serving                 system:node:ocp4-lk6b4-master2.ocp4.example.org                             Approved,Issued
   csr-m724n   6m2s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Pending
   csr-p4dz2   60m    kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Approved,Issued
   csr-t9vfj   60m    kubernetes.io/kubelet-serving                 system:node:ocp4-lk6b4-master1.ocp4.example.org                             Approved,Issued
   csr-tggtr   61m    kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Approved,Issued
   csr-wcbrf   7m6s   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Pending

3. To filter the list and see only pending CSRs, enter:

   $ watch "oc get csr -A | grep pending -i"

   This command refreshes the output every two seconds and displays only pending CSRs. For example:

   Example output

   Every 2.0s: oc get csr -A | grep pending -i
   
   csr-m724n   10m   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Pending
   csr-wcbrf   11m   kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet   system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper   Pending

4. Inspect each pending request. For example:

   Example output

   $ oc describe csr csr-m724n

   Example output

   Name:               csr-m724n
   Labels:             <none>
   Annotations:        <none>
   CreationTimestamp:  Sun, 19 Jul 2020 15:59:37 +0200
   Requesting User:    system:serviceaccount:openshift-machine-config-operator:node-bootstrapper
   Signer:             kubernetes.io/kube-apiserver-client-kubelet
   Status:             Pending
   Subject:
            Common Name:    system:node:ocp4-lk6b4-worker1.ocp4.example.org
            Serial Number:
            Organization:   system:nodes
   Events:  <none>

5. If the CSR information is correct, approve the request:

   $ oc adm certificate approve csr-m724n

6. Wait for the installation process to finish:

   $ openshift-install wait-for install-complete --dir $ASSETS_DIR --log-level debug

   When the installation completes, the command line displays the URL of the OpenShift Container Platform web console and the administrator user name and password.

Procedure

1. From the directory that contains the installation program on the computer that you used to install the cluster, run the following command:

   $ ./openshift-install destroy cluster \
   --dir <installation_directory> --log-level info 1 2

   1

   For <installation_directory>, specify the path to the directory that you stored the installation files in.

   2

   To view different details, specify warn, debug, or error instead of info.

   Note

   You must specify the directory that contains the cluster definition files for your cluster. The installation program requires the metadata.json file in this directory to delete the cluster.

2. Optional: Delete the <installation_directory> directory and the OpenShift Container Platform installation program.

Procedure

1. To remove the cluster, enter:

   $ ansible-playbook -i inventory.yml \
       retire-bootstrap.yml \
       retire-masters.yml   \
       retire-workers.yml

2. Remove any configurations you added to DNS, load balancers, and any other infrastructure for this cluster.