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Chapter 2. Configuring your firewall
If you use a firewall, you must configure it so that OpenShift Container Platform can access the sites that it requires to function. You must always grant access to some sites, and you grant access to more if you use Red Hat Insights, the Telemetry service, a cloud to host your cluster, and certain build strategies.
2.1. Configuring your firewall for OpenShift Container Platform
Before you install OpenShift Container Platform, you must configure your firewall to grant access to the sites that OpenShift Container Platform requires. When using a firewall, make additional configurations to the firewall so that OpenShift Container Platform can access the sites that it requires to function.
There are no special configuration considerations for services running on only controller nodes compared to worker nodes.
If your environment has a dedicated load balancer in front of your OpenShift Container Platform cluster, review the allowlists between your firewall and load balancer to prevent unwanted network restrictions to your cluster.
Procedure
Set the following registry URLs for your firewall’s allowlist:
URL Port Function registry.redhat.io443
Provides core container images
access.redhat.com443
Hosts a signature store that a container client requires for verifying images pulled from
registry.access.redhat.com. In a firewall environment, ensure that this resource is on the allowlist.registry.access.redhat.com443
Hosts all the container images that are stored on the Red Hat Ecosystem Catalog, including core container images.
quay.io443
Provides core container images
cdn.quay.io443
Provides core container images
cdn01.quay.io443
Provides core container images
cdn02.quay.io443
Provides core container images
cdn03.quay.io443
Provides core container images
cdn04.quay.io443
Provides core container images
cdn05.quay.io443
Provides core container images
cdn06.quay.io443
Provides core container images
sso.redhat.com443
The
https://console.redhat.comsite uses authentication fromsso.redhat.com-
You can use the wildcards
*.quay.ioand*.openshiftapps.cominstead ofcdn.quay.ioandcdn0[1-6].quay.ioin your allowlist. -
You can use the wildcard
*.access.redhat.comto simplify the configuration and ensure that all subdomains, includingregistry.access.redhat.com, are allowed. -
When you add a site, such as
quay.io, to your allowlist, do not add a wildcard entry, such as*.quay.io, to your denylist. In most cases, image registries use a content delivery network (CDN) to serve images. If a firewall blocks access, image downloads are denied when the initial download request redirects to a hostname such ascdn01.quay.io.
-
You can use the wildcards
- Set your firewall’s allowlist to include any site that provides resources for a language or framework that your builds require.
If you do not disable Telemetry, you must grant access to the following URLs to access Red Hat Insights:
URL Port Function cert-api.access.redhat.com443
Required for Telemetry
api.access.redhat.com443
Required for Telemetry
infogw.api.openshift.com443
Required for Telemetry
console.redhat.com443
Required for Telemetry and for
insights-operatorIf you use Alibaba Cloud, Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, or Google Cloud Platform (GCP) to host your cluster, you must grant access to the URLs that offer the cloud provider API and DNS for that cloud:
Cloud URL Port Function Alibaba
*.aliyuncs.com443
Required to access Alibaba Cloud services and resources. Review the Alibaba endpoints_config.go file to find the exact endpoints to allow for the regions that you use.
AWS
aws.amazon.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment.
*.amazonaws.comAlternatively, if you choose to not use a wildcard for AWS APIs, you must include the following URLs in your allowlist:
443
Required to access AWS services and resources. Review the AWS Service Endpoints in the AWS documentation to find the exact endpoints to allow for the regions that you use.
ec2.amazonaws.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment.
events.amazonaws.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment.
iam.amazonaws.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment.
route53.amazonaws.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment.
*.s3.amazonaws.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment.
*.s3.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment.
*.s3.dualstack.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment.
sts.amazonaws.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment.
sts.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment.
tagging.us-east-1.amazonaws.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment. This endpoint is always
us-east-1, regardless of the region the cluster is deployed in.ec2.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment.
elasticloadbalancing.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com443
Used to install and manage clusters in an AWS environment.
servicequotas.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com443
Required. Used to confirm quotas for deploying the service.
tagging.<aws_region>.amazonaws.com443
Allows the assignment of metadata about AWS resources in the form of tags.
*.cloudfront.net443
Used to provide access to CloudFront. If you use the AWS Security Token Service (STS) and the private S3 bucket, you must provide access to CloudFront.
GCP
*.googleapis.com443
Required to access GCP services and resources. Review Cloud Endpoints in the GCP documentation to find the endpoints to allow for your APIs.
accounts.google.com443
Required to access your GCP account.
Microsoft Azure
management.azure.com443
Required to access Microsoft Azure services and resources. Review the Microsoft Azure REST API reference in the Microsoft Azure documentation to find the endpoints to allow for your APIs.
*.blob.core.windows.net443
Required to download Ignition files.
login.microsoftonline.com443
Required to access Microsoft Azure services and resources. Review the Azure REST API reference in the Microsoft Azure documentation to find the endpoints to allow for your APIs.
Allowlist the following URLs:
URL Port Function *.apps.<cluster_name>.<base_domain>443
Required to access the default cluster routes unless you set an ingress wildcard during installation.
api.openshift.com443
Required both for your cluster token and to check if updates are available for the cluster.
console.redhat.com443
Required for your cluster token.
mirror.openshift.com443
Required to access mirrored installation content and images. This site is also a source of release image signatures, although the Cluster Version Operator needs only a single functioning source.
quayio-production-s3.s3.amazonaws.com443
Required to access Quay image content in AWS.
rhcos.mirror.openshift.com443
Required to download Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) images.
sso.redhat.com443
The
https://console.redhat.comsite uses authentication fromsso.redhat.comstorage.googleapis.com/openshift-release443
A source of release image signatures, although the Cluster Version Operator needs only a single functioning source.
Operators require route access to perform health checks. Specifically, the authentication and web console Operators connect to two routes to verify that the routes work. If you are the cluster administrator and do not want to allow
*.apps.<cluster_name>.<base_domain>, then allow these routes:-
oauth-openshift.apps.<cluster_name>.<base_domain> -
canary-openshift-ingress-canary.apps.<cluster_name>.<base_domain> -
console-openshift-console.apps.<cluster_name>.<base_domain>, or the hostname that is specified in thespec.route.hostnamefield of theconsoles.operator/clusterobject if the field is not empty.
-
Allowlist the following URLs for optional third-party content:
URL Port Function registry.connect.redhat.com443
Required for all third-party images and certified operators.
rhc4tp-prod-z8cxf-image-registry-us-east-1-evenkyleffocxqvofrk.s3.dualstack.us-east-1.amazonaws.com443
Provides access to container images hosted on
registry.connect.redhat.comoso-rhc4tp-docker-registry.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com443
Required for Sonatype Nexus, F5 Big IP operators.
If you use a default Red Hat Network Time Protocol (NTP) server allow the following URLs:
-
1.rhel.pool.ntp.org -
2.rhel.pool.ntp.org -
3.rhel.pool.ntp.org
-
If you do not use a default Red Hat NTP server, verify the NTP server for your platform and allow it in your firewall.
Additional resources
2.2. OpenShift Container Platform network flow matrix
The network flow matrix describes the ingress flows to OpenShift Container Platform services. The network information in the matrix is accurate for both bare-metal and cloud environments. Use the information in the network flow matrix to help you manage ingress traffic. You can restrict ingress traffic to essential flows to improve network security.
To view or download the raw CSV content, see this resource.
Additionally, consider the following dynamic port ranges when managing ingress traffic:
-
9000-9999: Host level services -
30000-32767: Kubernetes node ports -
49152-65535: Dynamic or private ports
The network flow matrix describes ingress traffic flows for a base OpenShift Container Platform installation. It does not describe network flows for additional components, such as optional Operators available from the Red Hat Marketplace. The matrix does not apply for Hosted-Control-Plane, MicroShift, or standalone clusters.
| Direction | Protocol | Port | Namespace | Service | Pod | Container | Node Role | Optional |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ingress | TCP | 22 | Host system service | sshd | master | TRUE | ||
| Ingress | TCP | 53 | openshift-dns | dns-default | dnf-default | dns | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 80 | openshift-ingress | router-default | router-default | router | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 111 | Host system service | rpcbind | master | TRUE | ||
| Ingress | TCP | 443 | openshift-ingress | router-default | router-default | router | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 1936 | openshift-ingress | router-default | router-default | router | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 2379 | openshift-etcd | etcd | etcd | etcdctl | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 2380 | openshift-etcd | healthz | etcd | etcd | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 5050 | openshift-machine-api | ironic-proxy | ironic-proxy | master | FALSE | |
| Ingress | TCP | 6080 | openshift-kube-apiserver | kube-apiserver | kube-apiserver-insecure-readyz | master | FALSE | |
| Ingress | TCP | 6180 | openshift-machine-api | metal3-state | metal3 | metal3-httpd | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 6183 | openshift-machine-api | metal3-state | metal3 | metal3-httpd | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 6385 | openshift-machine-api | ironic-proxy | ironic-proxy | master | FALSE | |
| Ingress | TCP | 6388 | openshift-machine-api | metal3-state | metal3 | metal3-httpd | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 6443 | openshift-kube-apiserver | apiserver | kube-apiserver | kube-apiserver | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 8080 | openshift-network-operator | network-operator | network-operator | master | FALSE | |
| Ingress | TCP | 8798 | openshift-machine-config-operator | machine-config-daemon | machine-config-daemon | machine-config-daemon | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9001 | openshift-machine-config-operator | machine-config-daemon | machine-config-daemon | kube-rbac-proxy | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9099 | openshift-cluster-version | cluster-version-operator | cluster-version-operator | cluster-version-operator | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9100 | openshift-monitoring | node-exporter | node-exporter | kube-rbac-proxy | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9103 | openshift-ovn-kubernetes | ovn-kubernetes-node | ovnkube-node | kube-rbac-proxy-node | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9104 | openshift-network-operator | metrics | network-operator | network-operator | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9105 | openshift-ovn-kubernetes | ovn-kubernetes-node | ovnkube-node | kube-rbac-proxy-ovn-metrics | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9107 | openshift-ovn-kubernetes | egressip-node-healthcheck | ovnkube-node | ovnkube-controller | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9108 | openshift-ovn-kubernetes | ovn-kubernetes-control-plane | ovnkube-control-plane | kube-rbac-proxy | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9192 | openshift-cluster-machine-approver | machine-approver | machine-approver | kube-rbac-proxy | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9258 | openshift-cloud-controller-manager-operator | machine-approver | cluster-cloud-controller-manager | cluster-cloud-controller-manager | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9444 | openshift-kni-infra | haproxy | haproxy | master | FALSE | |
| Ingress | TCP | 9445 | openshift-kni-infra | haproxy | haproxy | master | FALSE | |
| Ingress | TCP | 9447 | openshift-machine-api | metal3-baremetal-operator | master | FALSE | ||
| Ingress | TCP | 9537 | Host system service | crio-metrics | master | FALSE | ||
| Ingress | TCP | 9637 | openshift-machine-config-operator | kube-rbac-proxy-crio | kube-rbac-proxy-crio | kube-rbac-proxy-crio | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9978 | openshift-etcd | etcd | etcd | etcd-metrics | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9979 | openshift-etcd | etcd | etcd | etcd-metrics | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9980 | openshift-etcd | etcd | etcd | etcd | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 10250 | Host system service | kubelet | master | FALSE | ||
| Ingress | TCP | 10256 | openshift-ovn-kubernetes | ovnkube | ovnkube | ovnkube-controller | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 10257 | openshift-kube-controller-manager | kube-controller-manager | kube-controller-manager | kube-controller-manager | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 10258 | openshift-cloud-controller-manager-operator | cloud-controller | cloud-controller-manager | cloud-controller-manager | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 10259 | openshift-kube-scheduler | scheduler | openshift-kube-scheduler | kube-scheduler | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 10260 | openshift-cloud-controller-manager-operator | cloud-controller | cloud-controller-manager | cloud-controller-manager | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 10300 | openshift-cluster-csi-drivers | csi-livenessprobe | csi-driver-node | csi-driver | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 10309 | openshift-cluster-csi-drivers | csi-node-driver | csi-driver-node | csi-node-driver-registrar | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 10357 | openshift-kube-apiserver | openshift-kube-apiserver-healthz | kube-apiserver | kube-apiserver-check-endpoints | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 17697 | openshift-kube-apiserver | openshift-kube-apiserver-healthz | kube-apiserver | kube-apiserver-check-endpoints | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 18080 | openshift-kni-infra | coredns | coredns | master | FALSE | |
| Ingress | TCP | 22623 | openshift-machine-config-operator | machine-config-server | machine-config-server | machine-config-server | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 22624 | openshift-machine-config-operator | machine-config-server | machine-config-server | machine-config-server | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | UDP | 53 | openshift-dns | dns-default | dnf-default | dns | master | FALSE |
| Ingress | UDP | 111 | Host system service | rpcbind | master | TRUE | ||
| Ingress | UDP | 6081 | openshift-ovn-kubernetes | ovn-kubernetes geneve | master | FALSE | ||
| Ingress | TCP | 22 | Host system service | sshd | worker | TRUE | ||
| Ingress | TCP | 53 | openshift-dns | dns-default | dnf-default | dns | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 80 | openshift-ingress | router-default | router-default | router | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 111 | Host system service | rpcbind | worker | TRUE | ||
| Ingress | TCP | 443 | openshift-ingress | router-default | router-default | router | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 1936 | openshift-ingress | router-default | router-default | router | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 8798 | openshift-machine-config-operator | machine-config-daemon | machine-config-daemon | machine-config-daemon | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9001 | openshift-machine-config-operator | machine-config-daemon | machine-config-daemon | kube-rbac-proxy | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9100 | openshift-monitoring | node-exporter | node-exporter | kube-rbac-proxy | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9103 | openshift-ovn-kubernetes | ovn-kubernetes-node | ovnkube-node | kube-rbac-proxy-node | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9105 | openshift-ovn-kubernetes | ovn-kubernetes-node | ovnkube-node | kube-rbac-proxy-ovn-metrics | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9107 | openshift-ovn-kubernetes | egressip-node-healthcheck | ovnkube-node | ovnkube-controller | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 9537 | Host system service | crio-metrics | worker | FALSE | ||
| Ingress | TCP | 9637 | openshift-machine-config-operator | kube-rbac-proxy-crio | kube-rbac-proxy-crio | kube-rbac-proxy-crio | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 10250 | Host system service | kubelet | worker | FALSE | ||
| Ingress | TCP | 10256 | openshift-ovn-kubernetes | ovnkube | ovnkube | ovnkube-controller | worker | TRUE |
| Ingress | TCP | 10300 | openshift-cluster-csi-drivers | csi-livenessprobe | csi-driver-node | csi-driver | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 10309 | openshift-cluster-csi-drivers | csi-node-driver | csi-driver-node | csi-node-driver-registrar | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | TCP | 18080 | openshift-kni-infra | coredns | coredns | worker | FALSE | |
| Ingress | UDP | 53 | openshift-dns | dns-default | dnf-default | dns | worker | FALSE |
| Ingress | UDP | 111 | Host system service | rpcbind | worker | TRUE | ||
| Ingress | UDP | 6081 | openshift-ovn-kubernetes | ovn-kubernetes geneve | worker | FALSE |
