2.4. 수평 Pod 자동 스케일러를 사용하여 Pod 자동 스케일링

출력 예

horizontalpodautoscaler.autoscaling/image-registry autoscaled

minReplicas 가 3으로 설정된 image-registry Deployment 오브젝트의 샘플 HPA

apiVersion: autoscaling/v1
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: image-registry
  namespace: default
spec:
  maxReplicas: 7
  minReplicas: 3
  scaleTargetRef:
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    name: image-registry
  targetCPUUtilizationPercentage: 75
status:
  currentReplicas: 5
  desiredReplicas: 0

스케일링 정책이 포함된 HPA 오브젝트 샘플

apiVersion: autoscaling/v2beta2
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: hpa-resource-metrics-memory
  namespace: default
spec:
  behavior:
    scaleDown: 1
      policies: 2
      - type: Pods 3
        value: 4 4
        periodSeconds: 60 5
      - type: Percent
        value: 10 6
        periodSeconds: 60
      selectPolicy: Min 7
      stabilizationWindowSeconds: 300 8
    scaleUp: 9
      policies:
      - type: Pods
        value: 5 10
        periodSeconds: 70
      - type: Percent
        value: 12 11
        periodSeconds: 80
      selectPolicy: Max
      stabilizationWindowSeconds: 0
...

축소 정책의 예

apiVersion: autoscaling/v2beta2
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: hpa-resource-metrics-memory
  namespace: default
spec:
...
  minReplicas: 20
...
  behavior:
    scaleDown:
      stabilizationWindowSeconds: 300
      policies:
      - type: Pods
        value: 4
        periodSeconds: 30
      - type: Percent
        value: 10
        periodSeconds: 60
      selectPolicy: Max
    scaleUp:
      selectPolicy: Disabled

출력 예

apiVersion: autoscaling/v1
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  annotations:
    autoscaling.alpha.kubernetes.io/behavior:\
'{"ScaleUp":{"StabilizationWindowSeconds":0,"SelectPolicy":"Max","Policies":[{"Type":"Pods","Value":4,"PeriodSeconds":15},{"Type":"Percent","Value":100,"PeriodSeconds":15}]},\
"ScaleDown":{"StabilizationWindowSeconds":300,"SelectPolicy":"Min","Policies":[{"Type":"Pods","Value":4,"PeriodSeconds":60},{"Type":"Percent","Value":10,"PeriodSeconds":60}]}}'
...

사전 요구 사항

수평 Pod 자동 스케일러를 사용하려면 클러스터 관리자가 클러스터 메트릭을 올바르게 구성해야 합니다. oc describe PodMetrics <pod-name> 명령을 사용하여 메트릭이 구성되어 있는지 확인할 수 있습니다. 메트릭이 구성된 경우 출력이 다음과 유사하게 표시되고 Usage에 Cpu 및 Memory가 표시됩니다.

출력 예

Name:         openshift-kube-scheduler-ip-10-0-135-131.ec2.internal
Namespace:    openshift-kube-scheduler
Labels:       <none>
Annotations:  <none>
API Version:  metrics.k8s.io/v1beta1
Containers:
  Name:  wait-for-host-port
  Usage:
    Memory:  0
  Name:      scheduler
  Usage:
    Cpu:     8m
    Memory:  45440Ki
Kind:        PodMetrics
Metadata:
  Creation Timestamp:  2019-05-23T18:47:56Z
  Self Link:           /apis/metrics.k8s.io/v1beta1/namespaces/openshift-kube-scheduler/pods/openshift-kube-scheduler-ip-10-0-135-131.ec2.internal
Timestamp:             2019-05-23T18:47:56Z
Window:                1m0s
Events:                <none>

프로세스

Pod의 상태 조건을 보려면 Pod 이름과 함께 다음 명령을 사용합니다.

출력 예

Name:                           cm-test
Namespace:                      prom
Labels:                         <none>
Annotations:                    <none>
CreationTimestamp:              Fri, 16 Jun 2017 18:09:22 +0000
Reference:                      ReplicationController/cm-test
Metrics:                        ( current / target )
  "http_requests" on pods:      66m / 500m
Min replicas:                   1
Max replicas:                   4
ReplicationController pods:     1 current / 1 desired
Conditions: 1
  Type              Status    Reason              Message
  ----              ------    ------              -------
  AbleToScale       True      ReadyForNewScale    the last scale time was sufficiently old as to warrant a new scale
  ScalingActive     True      ValidMetricFound    the HPA was able to successfully calculate a replica count from pods metric http_request
  ScalingLimited    False     DesiredWithinRange  the desired replica count is within the acceptable range