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Chapter 7. Tutorials

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7.1. Overview

This topic group includes information on how to get your application up and running in OpenShift Container Platform and covers different languages and their frameworks.

7.2. Quickstart Templates

7.2.1. Overview

A quickstart is a basic example of an application running on OpenShift Container Platform. Quickstarts come in a variety of languages and frameworks, and are defined in a template, which is constructed from a set of services, build configurations, and deployment configurations. This template references the necessary images and source repositories to build and deploy the application.

To explore a quickstart, create an application from a template. Your administrator may have already installed these templates in your OpenShift Container Platform cluster, in which case you can simply select it from the web console. See the template documentation for more information on how to upload, create from, and modify a template.

Quickstarts refer to a source repository that contains the application source code. To customize the quickstart, fork the repository and, when creating an application from the template, substitute the default source repository name with your forked repository. This results in builds that are performed using your source code instead of the provided example source. You can then update the code in your source repository and launch a new build to see the changes reflected in the deployed application.

7.2.2. Web Framework Quickstart Templates

These quickstarts provide a basic application of the indicated framework and language:

7.3. Ruby on Rails

7.3.1. Overview

Ruby on Rails is a popular web framework written in Ruby. This guide covers using Rails 4 on OpenShift Container Platform.

Warning

We strongly advise going through the whole tutorial to have an overview of all the steps necessary to run your application on the OpenShift Container Platform. If you experience a problem try reading through the entire tutorial and then going back to your issue. It can also be useful to review your previous steps to ensure that all the steps were executed correctly.

For this guide you will need:

  • Basic Ruby/Rails knowledge
  • Locally installed version of Ruby 2.0.0+, Rubygems, Bundler
  • Basic Git knowledge
  • Running instance of OpenShift Container Platform v3

7.3.2. Local Workstation Setup

First make sure that an instance of OpenShift Container Platform is running and is available. For more info on how to get OpenShift Container Platform up and running check the installation methods. Also make sure that your oc CLI client is installed and the command is accessible from your command shell, so you can use it to log in using your email address and password.

7.3.2.1. Setting Up the Database

Rails applications are almost always used with a database. For the local development we chose the PostgreSQL database. To install it type:

$ sudo yum install -y postgresql postgresql-server postgresql-devel

Next you need to initialize the database with:

$ sudo postgresql-setup initdb

This command will create the /var/lib/pgsql/data directory, in which the data will be stored.

Start the database by typing:

$ sudo systemctl start postgresql.service

When the database is running, create your rails user:

$ sudo -u postgres createuser -s rails

Note that the user we created has no password.

7.3.3. Writing Your Application

If you are starting your Rails application from scratch, you need to install the Rails gem first.

$ gem install rails
Successfully installed rails-4.2.0
1 gem installed

After you install the Rails gem create a new application, with PostgreSQL as your database:

$ rails new rails-app --database=postgresql

Then change into your new application directory.

$ cd rails-app

If you already have an application, make sure the pg (postgresql) gem is present in your Gemfile. If not edit your Gemfile by adding the gem:

gem 'pg'

To generate a new Gemfile.lock with all your dependencies run:

$ bundle install

In addition to using the postgresql database with the pg gem, you’ll also need to ensure the config/database.yml is using the postgresql adapter.

Make sure you updated default section in the config/database.yml file, so it looks like this:

default: &default
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  pool: 5
  host: localhost
  username: rails
  password:

Create your application’s development and test databases by using this rake command:

$ rake db:create

This will create development and test database in your PostgreSQL server.

7.3.3.1. Creating a Welcome Page

Since Rails 4 no longer serves a static public/index.html page in production, we need to create a new root page.

In order to have a custom welcome page we need to do following steps:

  • Create a controller with an index action
  • Create a view page for the welcome controller index action
  • Create a route that will serve applications root page with the created controller and view

Rails offers a generator that will do all this necessary steps for you.

$ rails generate controller welcome index

All the necessary files have been created, now we just need to edit line 2 in config/routes.rb file to look like:

root 'welcome#index'

Run the rails server to verify the page is available.

$ rails server

You should see your page by visiting http://localhost:3000 in your browser. If you don’t see the page, check the logs that are output to your server to debug.

7.3.3.2. Configuring the Application for OpenShift Container Platform

In order to have your application communicating with the PostgreSQL database service that will be running in OpenShift Container Platform, you will need to edit the default section in your config/database.yml to use environment variables, which you will define later, upon the database service creation.

The default section in your edited config/database.yml together with pre-defined variables should look like:

<% user = ENV.key?("POSTGRESQL_ADMIN_PASSWORD") ? "root" : ENV["POSTGRESQL_USER"] %>
<% password = ENV.key?("POSTGRESQL_ADMIN_PASSWORD") ? ENV["POSTGRESQL_ADMIN_PASSWORD"] : ENV["POSTGRESQL_PASSWORD"] %>
<% db_service = ENV.fetch("DATABASE_SERVICE_NAME","").upcase %>

default: &default
  adapter: postgresql
  encoding: unicode
  # For details on connection pooling, see rails configuration guide
  # http://guides.rubyonrails.org/configuring.html#database-pooling
  pool: <%= ENV["POSTGRESQL_MAX_CONNECTIONS"] || 5 %>
  username: <%= user %>
  password: <%= password %>
  host: <%= ENV["#{db_service}_SERVICE_HOST"] %>
  port: <%= ENV["#{db_service}_SERVICE_PORT"] %>
  database: <%= ENV["POSTGRESQL_DATABASE"] %>

For an example of how the final file should look, see Ruby on Rails example application config/database.yml.

7.3.3.3. Storing Your Application in Git

OpenShift Container Platform requires git, if you don’t have it installed you will need to install it.

Building an application in OpenShift Container Platform usually requires that the source code be stored in a git repository, so you will need to install git if you do not already have it.

Make sure you are in your Rails application directory by running the ls -1 command. The output of the command should look like:

$ ls -1
app
bin
config
config.ru
db
Gemfile
Gemfile.lock
lib
log
public
Rakefile
README.rdoc
test
tmp
vendor

Now run these commands in your Rails app directory to initialize and commit your code to git:

$ git init
$ git add .
$ git commit -m "initial commit"

Once your application is committed you need to push it to a remote repository. For this you would need a GitHub account, in which you create a new repository.

Set the remote that points to your git repository:

$ git remote add origin git@github.com:<namespace/repository-name>.git

After that, push your application to your remote git repository.

$ git push

7.3.4. Deploying Your Application to OpenShift Container Platform

To deploy your Ruby on Rails application, create a new Project for the application:

$ oc new-project rails-app --description="My Rails application" --display-name="Rails Application"

After creating the rails-app project, you will be automatically switched to the new project namespace.

Deploying your application in OpenShift Container Platform involves three steps:

  • Creating a database service from OpenShift Container Platform’s PostgreSQL image
  • Creating a frontend service from OpenShift Container Platform’s Ruby 2.0 builder image and your Ruby on Rails source code, which we wire with the database service
  • Creating a route for your application.

7.3.4.1. Creating the Database Service

Your Rails application expects a running database service. For this service use PostgeSQL database image.

To create the database service you will use the oc new-app command. To this command you will need to pass some necessary environment variables which will be used inside the database container. These environment variables are required to set the username, password, and name of the database. You can change the values of these environment variables to anything you would like. The variables we are going to be setting are as follows:

  • POSTGRESQL_DATABASE
  • POSTGRESQL_USER
  • POSTGRESQL_PASSWORD

Setting these variables ensures:

  • A database exists with the specified name
  • A user exists with the specified name
  • The user can access the specified database with the specified password

For example:

$ oc new-app postgresql -e POSTGRESQL_DATABASE=db_name -e POSTGRESQL_USER=username -e POSTGRESQL_PASSWORD=password

To also set the password for the database administrator, append to the previous command with:

-e POSTGRESQL_ADMIN_PASSWORD=admin_pw

To watch the progress of this command:

$ oc get pods --watch

7.3.4.2. Creating the Frontend Service

To bring your application to OpenShift Container Platform, you need to specify a repository in which your application lives, using once again the oc new-app command, in which you will need to specify database related environment variables we setup in the Creating the Database Service:

$ oc new-app path/to/source/code --name=rails-app -e POSTGRESQL_USER=username -e POSTGRESQL_PASSWORD=password -e POSTGRESQL_DATABASE=db_name -e DATABASE_SERVICE_NAME=postgresql

With this command, OpenShift Container Platform fetches the source code, sets up the builder image, builds your application image, and deploys the newly created image together with the specified environment variables. The application is named rails-app.

You can verify the environment variables have been added by viewing the JSON document of the rails-app DeploymentConfig:

$ oc get dc rails-app -o json

You should see the following section:

env": [
    {
        "name": "POSTGRESQL_USER",
        "value": "username"
    },
    {
        "name": "POSTGRESQL_PASSWORD",
        "value": "password"
    },
    {
        "name": "POSTGRESQL_DATABASE",
        "value": "db_name"
    },
    {
        "name": "DATABASE_SERVICE_NAME",
        "value": "postgresql"
    }

],

To check the build process:

$ oc logs -f build/rails-app-1

Once the build is complete, you can look at the running pods in OpenShift Container Platform.

$ oc get pods

You should see a line starting with myapp-<number>-<hash>, and that is your application running in OpenShift Container Platform.

Before your application will be functional, you need to initialize the database by running the database migration script. There are two ways you can do this:

  • Manually from the running frontend container:

First you need to exec into frontend container with rsh command:

$ oc rsh <FRONTEND_POD_ID>

Run the migration from inside the container:

$ RAILS_ENV=production bundle exec rake db:migrate

If you are running your Rails application in a development or test environment you don’t have to specify the RAILS_ENV environment variable.

7.3.4.3. Creating a Route for Your Application

To expose a service by giving it an externally-reachable hostname like www.example.com use OpenShift Container Platform route. In your case you need to expose the frontend service by typing:

$ oc expose service rails-app --hostname=www.example.com
Warning

It’s the user’s responsibility to ensure the hostname they specify resolves into the IP address of the router. For more information, check the OpenShift Container Platform documentation on:

7.4. Setting Up a Nexus Mirror for Maven

7.4.1. Introduction

While developing your application with Java and Maven, you will most likely be building many times. In order to shorten the build times of your pods, Maven dependencies can be cached in a local Nexus repository. This tutorial will guide you through creating a Nexus repository on your cluster.

This tutorial assumes that you are working with a project that is already set up for use with Maven. If you are interested in using Maven with your Java project, it is highly recommended that you look at their guide.

In addition, be sure to check your application’s image for Maven mirror capabilities. Many images that use Maven have a MAVEN_MIRROR_URL environment variable that you can use to simplify this process. If it does not have this capability, read the Nexus documentation to configure your build properly.

Furthermore, make sure that you give each pod enough resources to function. You may have to edit the pod template in the Nexus deployment configuration to request more resources.

7.4.2. Setting up Nexus

  1. Download and deploy the official Nexus container image:

    oc new-app sonatype/nexus
  2. Create a route by exposing the newly created Nexus service:

    oc expose svc/nexus
  3. Use oc get routes to find the pod’s new external address.

    oc get routes

    The output should resemble:

    NAME      HOST/PORT                              PATH      SERVICES   PORT       TERMINATION
    nexus     nexus-myproject.192.168.1.173.xip.io             nexus      8081-tcp
  4. Confirm that Nexus is running by navigating your browser to the URL under HOST/PORT. To sign in to Nexus, the default administrator username is admin, and the password is admin123.
Note

Nexus comes pre-configured for the Central Repository, but you may need others for your application. For many Red Hat images, it is recommended to add the jboss-ga repository at Maven repository.

7.4.2.1. Using Probes to Check for Success

This is a good time to set up readiness and liveness probes. These will periodically check to see that Nexus is running properly.

$ oc set probe dc/nexus \
	--liveness \
	--failure-threshold 3 \
	--initial-delay-seconds 30 \
	-- echo ok
$ oc set probe dc/nexus \
	--readiness \
	--failure-threshold 3 \
	--initial-delay-seconds 30 \
	--get-url=http://:8081/nexus/content/groups/public

7.4.2.2. Adding Persistence to Nexus

Note

If you do not want persistent storage, continue to Connecting to Nexus. However, your cached dependencies and any configuration customization will be lost if the pod is restarted for any reason.

Create a persistent volume claim (PVC) for Nexus, so that the cached dependencies are not lost when the pod running the server terminates. PVCs require available persistent volumes (PV) in the cluster. If there are no PVs available and you do not have administrator access on your cluster, ask your system administrator to create a Read/Write Persistent Volume for you.

Otherwise, see Persistent Storage in OpenShift Container Platform for instructions on creating a persistent volume.

Add a PVC to the Nexus deployment configuration.

$ oc set volume dc/nexus --add \
	--name 'nexus-volume-1' \
	--type 'pvc' \
	--mount-path '/sonatype-work/' \
	--claim-name 'nexus-pv' \
	--claim-size '1G' \
	--overwrite

This removes the previous emptyDir volume for the deployment config and adds a claim for one gigabyte of persistent storage mounted at /sonatype-work, which is where the dependencies will be stored. Due to the change in configuration, the Nexus pod will be redeployed automatically.

To verify that Nexus is running, refresh the Nexus page in your browser. You can monitor the deployment’s progress using:

$ oc get pods -w

7.4.3. Connecting to Nexus

The next steps demonstrate defining a build that uses the new Nexus repository. The rest of the tutorial uses this example repository with wildfly-100-centos7 as a builder, but these changes should work for any project.

The example builder image supports MAVEN_MIRROR_URL as part of its environment, so we can use this to point our builder image to our Nexus repository. If your image does not support consuming an environment variable to configure a Maven mirror, you may need to modify the builder image to provide the correct Maven settings to point to the Nexus mirror.

$ oc new-build openshift/wildfly-100-centos7:latest~https://github.com/openshift/jee-ex.git \
	-e MAVEN_MIRROR_URL='http://nexus.<Nexus_Project>:8081/nexus/content/groups/public'
$ oc logs build/jee-ex-1 --follow

Replace <Nexus_Project> with the project name of the Nexus repository. If it is in the same project as the application that is using it, you can remove the <Nexus_Project>.. Learn more about DNS resolution in OpenShift Container Platform.

7.4.4. Confirming Success

In your web browser, navigate to http://<NexusIP>:8081/nexus/content/groups/public to confirm that it has stored your application’s dependencies. You can also check the build logs to see if Maven is using the Nexus mirror. If successful, you should see output referencing the URL http://nexus:8081.

7.4.5. Additional Resources

7.5. OpenShift Pipeline Builds

7.5.1. Introduction

Whether you are creating a simple website or a complex web of microservices, use OpenShift Pipelines to build, test, deploy, and promote your applications on OpenShift.

In addition to standard Jenkins Pipeline Syntax, the OpenShift Jenkins image provides the OpenShift Domain Specific Language (DSL) (through the OpenShift Jenkins Client Plug-in), which aims to provide a readable, concise, comprehensive, and fluent syntax for rich interactions with an OpenShift API server, allowing for even more control over the build, deployment, and promotion of applications on your OpenShift cluster.

This example demonstrates how to create an OpenShift Pipeline that will build, deploy, and verify a Node.js/MongoDB application using the nodejs-mongodb.json template.

7.5.2. Creating the Jenkins Master

To create the Jenkins master, run:

  $ oc project <project_name> 1
  $ oc new-app jenkins-ephemeral 2
1
Select the project that you want to use or create a new project with oc new-project <project_name>.
2
If you want to use persistent storage, use jenkins-persistent instead.
Note

If Jenkins auto-provisioning is enabled on your cluster, and you do not need to make any customizations to the Jenkins master, you can skip the previous step.

For more information about Jenkins autoprovisioning, see Configuring Pipeline Execution.

7.5.3. The Pipeline Build Configuration

Now that the Jenkins master is up and running, create a BuildConfig that employs the Jenkins pipeline strategy to build, deploy, and scale the Node.js/MongoDB example application.

Create a file named nodejs-sample-pipeline.yaml with the following content:

kind: "BuildConfig"
apiVersion: "v1"
metadata:
  name: "nodejs-sample-pipeline"
spec:
  strategy:
    jenkinsPipelineStrategy:
      jenkinsfile: <pipeline content from below>
    type: JenkinsPipeline

For more information about configuring the Pipeline Build Strategy, see Pipeline Strategy Options.

7.5.4. The Jenkinsfile

Once you create a BuildConfig with a jenkinsPipelineStrategy, tell the pipeline what to do by using an inline jenkinsfile. This example does not set up a Git repository for the application.

The following jenkinsfile content is written in Groovy using the OpenShift DSL. For this example, include inline content in the BuildConfig using the YAML Literal Style, though including a jenkinsfile in your source repository is the preferred method.

The completed BuildConfig can be viewed in the OpenShift Origin repository in the examples directory, nodejs-sample-pipeline.yaml.

def templatePath = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openshift/nodejs-ex/master/openshift/templates/nodejs-mongodb.json' 1
def templateName = 'nodejs-mongodb-example' 2
pipeline {
  agent {
    node {
      label 'nodejs' 3
    }
  }
  options {
    timeout(time: 20, unit: 'MINUTES') 4
  }
  stages {
    stage('preamble') {
        steps {
            script {
                openshift.withCluster() {
                    openshift.withProject() {
                        echo "Using project: ${openshift.project()}"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
    stage('cleanup') {
      steps {
        script {
            openshift.withCluster() {
                openshift.withProject() {
                  openshift.selector("all", [ template : templateName ]).delete() 5
                  if (openshift.selector("secrets", templateName).exists()) { 6
                    openshift.selector("secrets", templateName).delete()
                  }
                }
            }
        }
      }
    }
    stage('create') {
      steps {
        script {
            openshift.withCluster() {
                openshift.withProject() {
                  openshift.newApp(templatePath) 7
                }
            }
        }
      }
    }
    stage('build') {
      steps {
        script {
            openshift.withCluster() {
                openshift.withProject() {
                  def builds = openshift.selector("bc", templateName).related('builds')
                  timeout(5) { 8
                    builds.untilEach(1) {
                      return (it.object().status.phase == "Complete")
                    }
                  }
                }
            }
        }
      }
    }
    stage('deploy') {
      steps {
        script {
            openshift.withCluster() {
                openshift.withProject() {
                  def rm = openshift.selector("dc", templateName).rollout().latest()
                  timeout(5) { 9
                    openshift.selector("dc", templateName).related('pods').untilEach(1) {
                      return (it.object().status.phase == "Running")
                    }
                  }
                }
            }
        }
      }
    }
    stage('tag') {
      steps {
        script {
            openshift.withCluster() {
                openshift.withProject() {
                  openshift.tag("${templateName}:latest", "${templateName}-staging:latest") 10
                }
            }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}
1
Path of the template to use.
2
Name of the template that will be created.
3
Spin up a node.js slave pod on which to run this build.
4
Set a timeout of 20 minutes for this pipeline.
5
Delete everything with this template label.
6
Delete any secrets with this template label.
7
Create a new application from the templatePath.
8
Wait up to five minutes for the build to complete.
9
Wait up to five minutes for the deployment to complete.
10
If everything else succeeded, tag the $ {templateName}:latest image as $ {templateName}-staging:latest. A pipeline BuildConfig for the staging environment can watch for the $ {templateName}-staging:latest image to change and then deploy it to the staging environment.
Note

The previous example was written using the declarative pipeline style, but the older scripted pipeline style is also supported.

7.5.5. Creating the Pipeline

You can create the BuildConfig in your OpenShift cluster by running:

$ oc create -f nodejs-sample-pipeline.yaml

If you do not want to create your own file, you can use the sample from the Origin repository by running:

$ oc create -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/openshift/origin/master/examples/jenkins/pipeline/nodejs-sample-pipeline.yaml

For more information about the OpenShift DSL syntax used here, see OpenShift Jenkins Client Plug-in.

7.5.6. Starting the Pipeline

Start the pipeline with the following command:

$ oc start-build nodejs-sample-pipeline
Note

Alternatively, you can start your pipeline with the OpenShift Web Console by navigating to the Builds Pipeline section and clicking Start Pipeline, or by visiting the Jenkins Console, navigating to the Pipeline that you created, and clicking Build Now.

Once the pipeline is started, you should see the following actions performed within your project:

  • A job instance is created on the Jenkins server.
  • A slave pod is launched, if your pipeline requires one.
  • The pipeline runs on the slave pod, or the master if no slave is required.

    • Any previously created resources with the template=nodejs-mongodb-example label will be deleted.
    • A new application, and all of its associated resources, will be created from the nodejs-mongodb-example template.
    • A build will be started using the nodejs-mongodb-example BuildConfig.

      • The pipeline will wait until the build has completed to trigger the next stage.
    • A deployment will be started using the nodejs-mongodb-example deployment configuration.

      • The pipeline will wait until the deployment has completed to trigger the next stage.
    • If the build and deploy are successful, the nodejs-mongodb-example:latest image will be tagged as nodejs-mongodb-example:stage.
  • The slave pod is deleted, if one was required for the pipeline.
Note

The best way to visualize the pipeline execution is by viewing it in the OpenShift Web Console. You can view your pipelines by logging into the web console and navigating to Builds Pipelines.

7.5.7. Advanced Options for OpenShift Pipelines

With OpenShift Pipelines, you can launch Jenkins in one project and then have the OpenShift Sync Plugin monitor a group of projects in which the developers work. The following sections outline the steps to complete this process.

  • To disable Jenkins auto=provisioning, see Configuring Pipeline Execution.
  • To enable the Jenkins Service Account to have access to each of the projects that will run OpenShift Pipelines, see Cross Project Access.
  • To add projects to monitor, either:

    • Log in to the Jenkins console.

      • Navigate to Manage Jenkins, then Configure System.
      • Update the Namespace field under OpenShift Jenkins Sync.
    • Or extend the OpenShift Jenkins image using the S2I extension option to update the Jenkins configuration file.
Note

Avoid monitoring the same project from multiple Jenkins deployments running the OpenShift Sync Plugin. There is no coordination between those instances and unpredictable results can occur.

7.6. Binary Builds

7.6.1. Introduction

The binary build feature in OpenShift allows developers to upload source or artifacts directly to a build instead of having the build pull source from a Git repository URL. Any BuildConfig with a strategy of source, Docker, or custom may be started as a binary build. When starting a build from local artifacts, the existing source reference is replaced with the source coming from the local user’s machine.

The source may be supplied in several ways which correspond to arguments available when using the start-build command:

  • From a file (--from-file): This is the case when the entire source of the build consists of a single file. For example, it may be a Dockerfile for a Docker build, pom.xml for a Wildfly build, or Gemfile for a Ruby build.
  • From a directory (--from-directory): Use this when the source is in a local directory and is not committed to a Git repository. The start-build command will create an archive of the given directory and upload it to the builder as source.
  • From an archive (--from-archive): Use this when an archive with the source already exists. The archive may be in either tar, tar.gz, or zip format.
  • From a Git repository (--from-repo): This is for source that is currently part of a Git repository on the user’s local machine. The HEAD commit of the current repository will be archived and sent to OpenShift for building.

7.6.1.1. Use Cases

Binary builds remove the requirement for a build to pull source from an existing Git repository. Reasons to use binary builds include:

  • Building and testing local code changes. Source from a public repository can be cloned and local changes can be uploaded to OpenShift for building. Local changes do not have to be committed or pushed anywhere.
  • Building private code. New builds can be started from scratch as binary builds. The source can then be uploaded directly from your local workstation to OpenShift without having to check it in to an SCM.
  • Building images with artifacts from other sources. With Jenkins pipelines, binary builds are useful to combine artifacts built with tools such as Maven or C compiler, and runtime images that make use of those builds.

7.6.1.2. Limitations

  • Binary builds are not repeatable. Because binary builds rely on the user uploading artifacts at build start, OpenShift cannot repeat the same build without the user repeating the same upload every time.
  • Binary builds cannot be triggered automatically. They can only be started manually when the user uploads the required binary artifacts.
Note

Builds that are started as binary builds may also have a configured source URL. If that’s the case, triggers will successfully launch the build but source will come from the configured source URL and not from what was supplied by the user the last time the build ran.

7.6.2. Tutorials Overview

The following tutorials assume that you have an OpenShift cluster available and that you have a project where you can create artifacts. It requires that you have both git and oc available locally.

7.6.2.1. Tutorial: Building local code changes

  1. Create a new application based on an existing source repository and create a route for it:

    $ oc new-app https://github.com/openshift/ruby-hello-world.git
    $ oc expose svc/ruby-hello-world
  2. Wait for the initial build to complete and view the application’s page by navigating to the route’s host. You should get a welcome page:

    $ oc get route ruby-hello-world
  3. Clone the repository locally:

    $ git clone https://github.com/openshift/ruby-hello-world.git
    $ cd ruby-hello-world
  4. Make a change to the application’s view. Using your favorite editor, edit views/main.rb: Change the <body> tag to <body style="background-color:blue">.
  5. Start a new build with your locally-modified source. From the repository’s local directory, run:

    ----
    $ oc start-build ruby-hello-world --from-dir="." --follow
    ----

Once your build has completed and the application has redeployed, navigating to the application’s route host should result in a page with a blue background.

You can keep making changes locally and building your code with oc start-build --from-dir.

You can also create a branch of the code, commit your changes locally, and use the repository’s HEAD as the source for your build:

$ git checkout -b my_branch
$ git add .
$ git commit -m "My changes"
$ oc start-build ruby-hello-world --from-repo="." --follow

7.6.2.2. Tutorial: Building private code

  1. Create a local directory to hold your code:

    $ mkdir myapp
    $ cd myapp
  2. In the directory create a file named Dockerfile with the following content:

    FROM centos:centos7
    
    EXPOSE 8080
    
    COPY index.html /var/run/web/index.html
    
    CMD cd /var/run/web && python -m SimpleHTTPServer 8080
  3. Create a file named index.html with the following content:

    <html>
      <head>
        <title>My local app</title>
      </head>
      <body>
        <h1>Hello World</h1>
        <p>This is my local application</p>
      </body>
    </html>
  4. Create a new build for your application:

    $ oc new-build --strategy docker --binary --docker-image centos:centos7 --name myapp
  5. Start a binary build using the local directory’s content:

    $ oc start-build myapp --from-dir . --follow
  6. Deploy the application using new-app, then create a route for it:

    $ oc new-app myapp
    $ oc expose svc/myapp
  7. Get the host name for your route and navigate to it:

    $ oc get route myapp

After having built and deployed your code, you can iterate by making changes to your local files and starting new builds by invoking oc start-build myapp --from-dir. Once built, the code will be automatically deployed and the changes will be reflected in your browser when you refresh the page.

7.6.2.3. Tutorial: Binary artifacts from pipeline

Jenkins on OpenShift allows using slave images with the appropriate tools to build your code. For example, you can use the maven slave to build a WAR from your code repository. However, once this artifact is built, you need to commit it to an image that contains the right runtime artifacts to run your code. A binary build may be used to add these artifacts to your runtime image. In the following tutorial, we’ll create a Jenkins pipeline that makes use of the maven slave to build a WAR, and then uses a binary build with a Dockerfile to add that WAR to a wildfly runtime image.

  1. Create a new directory for your application:

    $ mkdir mavenapp
    $ cd mavenapp
  2. Create a Dockerfile that copies a WAR to the appropriate location inside a wildfly image for execution. Copy the following to a local file named Dockerfile:

    FROM wildfly:latest
    COPY ROOT.war /wildfly/standalone/deployments/ROOT.war
    CMD  $STI_SCRIPTS_PATH/run
  3. Create a new BuildConfig for that Dockerfile:

    Note

    This will automatically start a build that will initially fail because the ROOT.war artifact is not yet available. The pipeline below will pass that WAR to the build using a binary build.

    $ cat Dockerfile | oc new-build -D - --name mavenapp
  4. Create a BuildConfig with the Jenkins pipeline that will build a WAR and then use that WAR to build an image using the previously created Dockerfile. The same pattern can be used for other platforms where a binary artifact is built by a set of tools and is then combined with a different runtime image for the final package. Save the following code to mavenapp-pipeline.yml:

    apiVersion: v1
    kind: BuildConfig
    metadata:
      name: mavenapp-pipeline
    spec:
      strategy:
        jenkinsPipelineStrategy:
          jenkinsfile: |-
            pipeline {
              agent { label "maven" }
              stages {
                stage("Clone Source") {
                  steps {
                    checkout([$class: 'GitSCM',
                                branches: [[name: '*/master']],
                                extensions: [
                                  [$class: 'RelativeTargetDirectory', relativeTargetDir: 'mavenapp']
                                ],
                                userRemoteConfigs: [[url: 'https://github.com/openshift/openshift-jee-sample.git']]
                            ])
                  }
                }
                stage("Build WAR") {
                  steps {
                    dir('mavenapp') {
                      sh 'mvn clean package -Popenshift'
                    }
                  }
                }
                stage("Build Image") {
                  steps {
                    dir('mavenapp/target') {
                      sh 'oc start-build mavenapp --from-dir . --follow'
                    }
                  }
                }
              }
            }
        type: JenkinsPipeline
      triggers: []
  5. Create the pipeline build. If Jenkins is not deployed to your project, creating the BuildConfig with the pipeline will result in Jenkins getting deployed. It may take a couple of minutes before Jenkins is ready to build your pipeline. You can check the status of the Jenkins rollout by invoking, oc rollout status dc/jenkins:

    $ oc create -f ./mavenapp-pipeline.yml
  6. Once Jenkins is ready, start the pipeline defined previously:

    $ oc start-build mavenapp-pipeline
  7. When the pipeline has finished building, deploy the new application using new-app and expose its route:

    $ oc new-app mavenapp
    $ oc expose svc/mavenapp
  8. Using your browser, navigate to the route for the application:

    $ oc get route mavenapp
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