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Chapter 3. Configuring certificates

3.1. Replacing the default ingress certificate
Link kopieren

3.1.1. Understanding the default ingress certificate
Link kopieren

By default, OpenShift Container Platform uses the Ingress Operator to create an internal CA and issue a wildcard certificate that is valid for applications under the

.apps

sub-domain. Both the web console and CLI use this certificate as well.

The internal infrastructure CA certificates are self-signed. While this process might be perceived as bad practice by some security or PKI teams, any risk here is minimal. The only clients that implicitly trust these certificates are other components within the cluster. Replacing the default wildcard certificate with one that is issued by a public CA already included in the CA bundle as provided by the container userspace allows external clients to connect securely to applications running under the

.apps

sub-domain.

3.1.2. Replacing the default ingress certificate
Link kopieren

You can replace the default ingress certificate for all applications under the

.apps

subdomain. After you replace the certificate, all applications, including the web console and CLI, will have encryption provided by specified certificate.

Prerequisites

You must have a wildcard certificate for the fully qualified
```
.apps
```
subdomain and its corresponding private key. Each should be in a separate PEM format file.
The private key must be unencrypted. If your key is encrypted, decrypt it before importing it into OpenShift Container Platform.
The certificate must include the
```
subjectAltName
```
extension showing
```
*.apps.<clustername>.<domain>
```
.
The certificate file can contain one or more certificates in a chain. The wildcard certificate must be the first certificate in the file. It can then be followed with any intermediate certificates, and the file should end with the root CA certificate.
Copy the root CA certificate into an additional PEM format file.
Verify that all certificates which include
```
-----END CERTIFICATE-----
```
also end with one carriage return after that line.

Important

Updating the certificate authority (CA) causes the nodes in your cluster to reboot.

Procedure

Create a config map that includes only the root CA certificate used to sign the wildcard certificate:
```
$ oc create configmap custom-ca \
     --from-file=ca-bundle.crt=</path/to/example-ca.crt> \
```
1
```
     -n openshift-config
```
1
</path/to/example-ca.crt> is the path to the root CA certificate file on your local file system.

Update the cluster-wide proxy configuration with the newly created config map:

$ oc patch proxy/cluster \
     --type=merge \
     --patch='{"spec":{"trustedCA":{"name":"custom-ca"}}}'

Create a secret that contains the wildcard certificate chain and key:
```
$ oc create secret tls <secret> \
```
1
```
     --cert=</path/to/cert.crt> \
```
2
```
     --key=</path/to/cert.key> \
```
3
```
     -n openshift-ingress
```
1
<secret> is the name of the secret that will contain the certificate chain and private key.
2
</path/to/cert.crt> is the path to the certificate chain on your local file system.
3
</path/to/cert.key> is the path to the private key associated with this certificate.
Update the Ingress Controller configuration with the newly created secret:
```
$ oc patch ingresscontroller.operator default \
     --type=merge -p \
     '{"spec":{"defaultCertificate": {"name": "<secret>"}}}' \
```
1
```
     -n openshift-ingress-operator
```
1
Replace <secret> with the name used for the secret in the previous step.
Important
To trigger the Ingress Operator to perform a rolling update, you must update the name of the secret. Because the kubelet automatically propagates changes to the secret in the volume mount, updating the secret contents does not trigger a rolling update. For more information, see this Red Hat Knowledgebase Solution.

Additional resources

3.2. Adding API server certificates
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The default API server certificate is issued by an internal OpenShift Container Platform cluster CA. Clients outside of the cluster will not be able to verify the API server’s certificate by default. This certificate can be replaced by one that is issued by a CA that clients trust.

3.2.1. Add an API server named certificate
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The default API server certificate is issued by an internal OpenShift Container Platform cluster CA. You can add one or more alternative certificates that the API server will return based on the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) requested by the client, for example when a reverse proxy or load balancer is used.

Prerequisites

You must have a certificate for the FQDN and its corresponding private key. Each should be in a separate PEM format file.
The private key must be unencrypted. If your key is encrypted, decrypt it before importing it into OpenShift Container Platform.
The certificate must include the
```
subjectAltName
```
extension showing the FQDN.
The certificate file can contain one or more certificates in a chain. The certificate for the API server FQDN must be the first certificate in the file. It can then be followed with any intermediate certificates, and the file should end with the root CA certificate.

Warning

Do not provide a named certificate for the internal load balancer (host name

api-int.<cluster_name>.<base_domain>

). Doing so will leave your cluster in a degraded state.

Procedure

kubeadmin

user.

$ oc login -u kubeadmin -p <password> https://FQDN:6443

Get the

kubeconfig

file.

$ oc config view --flatten > kubeconfig-newapi

Create a secret that contains the certificate chain and private key in the
```
openshift-config
```
namespace.
```
$ oc create secret tls <secret> \
```
1
```
     --cert=</path/to/cert.crt> \
```
2
```
     --key=</path/to/cert.key> \
```
3
```
     -n openshift-config
```
1
<secret> is the name of the secret that will contain the certificate chain and private key.
2
</path/to/cert.crt> is the path to the certificate chain on your local file system.
3
</path/to/cert.key> is the path to the private key associated with this certificate.
Update the API server to reference the created secret.
```
$ oc patch apiserver cluster \
     --type=merge -p \
     '{"spec":{"servingCerts": {"namedCertificates":
     [{"names": ["<FQDN>"],
     "servingCertificate": {"name": "<secret>"}}]}}}'
```
where:
<FQDN>
Replace <FQDN> with the FQDN that the API server should provide the certificate for. Do not include the port number.
<secret>
Replace <secret> with the name used for the secret in the previous step.

Examine the

apiserver/cluster

object and confirm the secret is now referenced.

$ oc get apiserver cluster -o yaml

Example output

...
spec:
  servingCerts:
    namedCertificates:
    - names:
      - <FQDN>
      servingCertificate:
        name: <secret>
...

Check the
```
kube-apiserver
```
operator, and verify that a new revision of the Kubernetes API server rolls out. It may take a minute for the operator to detect the configuration change and trigger a new deployment. While the new revision is rolling out,
```
PROGRESSING
```
will report
```
True
```
.
```
$ oc get clusteroperators kube-apiserver
```
Do not continue to the next step until
```
PROGRESSING
```
is listed as
```
False
```
, as shown in the following output:
Example output
```
NAME             VERSION   AVAILABLE   PROGRESSING   DEGRADED   SINCE
kube-apiserver   4.12.0     True        False         False      145m
```
If
```
PROGRESSING
```
is showing
```
True
```
, wait a few minutes and try again.
Note
A new revision of the Kubernetes API server only rolls out if the API server named certificate is added for the first time. When the API server named certificate is renewed, a new revision of the Kubernetes API server does not roll out because the
kube-apiserver
pods dynamically reload the updated certificate.

3.3. Securing service traffic using service serving certificate secrets
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3.3.1. Understanding service serving certificates
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Service serving certificates are intended to support complex middleware applications that require encryption. These certificates are issued as TLS web server certificates.

The

service-ca

controller uses the

x509.SHA256WithRSA

signature algorithm to generate service certificates.

The generated certificate and key are in PEM format, stored in

tls.crt

and

tls.key

respectively, within a created secret. The certificate and key are automatically replaced when they get close to expiration.

The service CA certificate, which issues the service certificates, is valid for 26 months and is automatically rotated when there is less than 13 months validity left. After rotation, the previous service CA configuration is still trusted until its expiration. This allows a grace period for all affected services to refresh their key material before the expiration. If you do not upgrade your cluster during this grace period, which restarts services and refreshes their key material, you might need to manually restart services to avoid failures after the previous service CA expires.

Note

You can use the following command to manually restart all pods in the cluster. Be aware that running this command causes a service interruption, because it deletes every running pod in every namespace. These pods will automatically restart after they are deleted.

$ for I in $(oc get ns -o jsonpath='{range .items[*]} {.metadata.name}{"\n"} {end}'); \
      do oc delete pods --all -n $I; \
      sleep 1; \
      done

3.3.2. Add a service certificate
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To secure communication to your service, generate a signed serving certificate and key pair into a secret in the same namespace as the service.

The generated certificate is only valid for the internal service DNS name

<service.name>.<service.namespace>.svc

, and is only valid for internal communications. If your service is a headless service (no

clusterIP

value set), the generated certificate also contains a wildcard subject in the format of

*.<service.name>.<service.namespace>.svc

Important

Because the generated certificates contain wildcard subjects for headless services, you must not use the service CA if your client must differentiate between individual pods. In this case:

Generate individual TLS certificates by using a different CA.
Do not accept the service CA as a trusted CA for connections that are directed to individual pods and must not be impersonated by other pods. These connections must be configured to trust the CA that was used to generate the individual TLS certificates.

Prerequisites

You must have a service defined.

Procedure

Annotate the service with
```
service.beta.openshift.io/serving-cert-secret-name
```
:
```
$ oc annotate service <service_name> \
```
1
```
     service.beta.openshift.io/serving-cert-secret-name=<secret_name> 
```
2
1
Replace <service_name> with the name of the service to secure.
2
<secret_name> will be the name of the generated secret containing the certificate and key pair.
Note
For convenience, it is recommended that this value be the same as

<service_name>

.
For example, use the following command to annotate the service
```
test1
```
:
```
$ oc annotate service test1 service.beta.openshift.io/serving-cert-secret-name=test1
```

Examine the service to confirm that the annotations are present:

$ oc describe service <service_name>

Example output

...
Annotations:              service.beta.openshift.io/serving-cert-secret-name: <service_name>
                          service.beta.openshift.io/serving-cert-signed-by: openshift-service-serving-signer@1556850837
...

After the cluster generates a secret for your service, your
```
Pod
```
spec can mount it, and the pod will run after it becomes available.

3.3.3. Add the service CA bundle to a config map
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A pod can access the service Certificate Authority (CA) certificate by mounting a

ConfigMap

object that has the

service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

annotation. After annotating the config map, the cluster automatically injects the service CA certificate into the

service-ca.crt

key on the config map. Access to this CA certificate allows TLS clients to verify connections to services by using service serving certificates.

Important

After adding this annotation to a config map, the OpenShift Service CA Operator deletes all the data in the config map. Consider using a separate config map to contain the

service-ca.crt

, instead of using the same config map that stores your pod configuration.

Procedure

Annotate the config map with the
```
service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true
```
annotation by entering the following command:
```
$ oc annotate configmap <config_map_name> \
```
1
```
     service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true
```
1
Replace <config_map_name> with the name of the config map to annotate.
Note
Explicitly referencing the
service-ca.crt
key in a volume mount prevents a pod from starting until the config map has been injected with the CA bundle. You can override this behavior by setting the
optional
parameter to
true
in the serving certificate configuration of the volume.
View the config map to ensure that the service CA bundle has been injected:
```
$ oc get configmap <config_map_name> -o yaml
```
The CA bundle is displayed as the value of the
```
service-ca.crt
```
key in the YAML output:
```
apiVersion: v1
data:
  service-ca.crt: |
    -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
...
```

Mount the config map as a volume to each container that exists in a pod by configuring your

Deployment

object.

Example Deployment object that defines the volume for the mounted config map

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: my-example-custom-ca-deployment
  namespace: my-example-custom-ca-ns
spec:
  ...
    spec:
      ...
      containers:
        - name: my-container-that-needs-custom-ca
          volumeMounts:
          - name: trusted-ca
            mountPath: /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem
            readOnly: true
      volumes:
      - name: trusted-ca
        configMap:
          name: <config_map_name>


          items:
            - key: ca-bundle.crt


              path: tls-ca-bundle.pem


# ...

1: Specify the name of the config map that you annotated in an earlier step of the procedure.
2: ca-bundle.crt is required as the ConfigMap key.
3: tls-ca-bundle.pem is required as the ConfigMap path.

3.3.4. Add the service CA bundle to an API service
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You can annotate an

APIService

object with

service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

to have its

spec.caBundle

field populated with the service CA bundle. This allows the Kubernetes API server to validate the service CA certificate used to secure the targeted endpoint.

Procedure

Annotate the API service with

service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

$ oc annotate apiservice <api_service_name> \


     service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

1: Replace <api_service_name> with the name of the API service to annotate.

For example, use the following command to annotate the API service

test1

$ oc annotate apiservice test1 service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

View the API service to ensure that the service CA bundle has been injected:

$ oc get apiservice <api_service_name> -o yaml

The CA bundle is displayed in the

spec.caBundle

field in the YAML output:

apiVersion: apiregistration.k8s.io/v1
kind: APIService
metadata:
  annotations:
    service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle: "true"
...
spec:
  caBundle: <CA_BUNDLE>
...

3.3.5. Add the service CA bundle to a custom resource definition
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You can annotate a

CustomResourceDefinition

(CRD) object with

service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

to have its

spec.conversion.webhook.clientConfig.caBundle

field populated with the service CA bundle. This allows the Kubernetes API server to validate the service CA certificate used to secure the targeted endpoint.

Note

The service CA bundle will only be injected into the CRD if the CRD is configured to use a webhook for conversion. It is only useful to inject the service CA bundle if a CRD’s webhook is secured with a service CA certificate.

Procedure

Annotate the CRD with

service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

$ oc annotate crd <crd_name> \


     service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

1: Replace <crd_name> with the name of the CRD to annotate.

For example, use the following command to annotate the CRD

test1

$ oc annotate crd test1 service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

View the CRD to ensure that the service CA bundle has been injected:

$ oc get crd <crd_name> -o yaml

The CA bundle is displayed in the

spec.conversion.webhook.clientConfig.caBundle

field in the YAML output:

apiVersion: apiextensions.k8s.io/v1
kind: CustomResourceDefinition
metadata:
  annotations:
    service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle: "true"
...
spec:
  conversion:
    strategy: Webhook
    webhook:
      clientConfig:
        caBundle: <CA_BUNDLE>
...

3.3.6. Add the service CA bundle to a mutating webhook configuration
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You can annotate a

MutatingWebhookConfiguration

object with

service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

to have the

clientConfig.caBundle

field of each webhook populated with the service CA bundle. This allows the Kubernetes API server to validate the service CA certificate used to secure the targeted endpoint.

Note

Do not set this annotation for admission webhook configurations that need to specify different CA bundles for different webhooks. If you do, then the service CA bundle will be injected for all webhooks.

Procedure

Annotate the mutating webhook configuration with

service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

$ oc annotate mutatingwebhookconfigurations <mutating_webhook_name> \


     service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

1: Replace <mutating_webhook_name> with the name of the mutating webhook configuration to annotate.

For example, use the following command to annotate the mutating webhook configuration

test1

$ oc annotate mutatingwebhookconfigurations test1 service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

View the mutating webhook configuration to ensure that the service CA bundle has been injected:

$ oc get mutatingwebhookconfigurations <mutating_webhook_name> -o yaml

The CA bundle is displayed in the

clientConfig.caBundle

field of all webhooks in the YAML output:

apiVersion: admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1
kind: MutatingWebhookConfiguration
metadata:
  annotations:
    service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle: "true"
...
webhooks:
- myWebhook:
  - v1beta1
  clientConfig:
    caBundle: <CA_BUNDLE>
...

3.3.7. Add the service CA bundle to a validating webhook configuration
Link kopieren

You can annotate a

ValidatingWebhookConfiguration

object with

service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

to have the

clientConfig.caBundle

field of each webhook populated with the service CA bundle. This allows the Kubernetes API server to validate the service CA certificate used to secure the targeted endpoint.

Note

Procedure

Annotate the validating webhook configuration with

service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

$ oc annotate validatingwebhookconfigurations <validating_webhook_name> \


     service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

1: Replace <validating_webhook_name> with the name of the validating webhook configuration to annotate.

For example, use the following command to annotate the validating webhook configuration

test1

$ oc annotate validatingwebhookconfigurations test1 service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle=true

View the validating webhook configuration to ensure that the service CA bundle has been injected:

$ oc get validatingwebhookconfigurations <validating_webhook_name> -o yaml

The CA bundle is displayed in the

clientConfig.caBundle

field of all webhooks in the YAML output:

apiVersion: admissionregistration.k8s.io/v1
kind: ValidatingWebhookConfiguration
metadata:
  annotations:
    service.beta.openshift.io/inject-cabundle: "true"
...
webhooks:
- myWebhook:
  - v1beta1
  clientConfig:
    caBundle: <CA_BUNDLE>
...

3.3.8. Manually rotate the generated service certificate
Link kopieren

You can rotate the service certificate by deleting the associated secret. Deleting the secret results in a new one being automatically created, resulting in a new certificate.

Prerequisites

A secret containing the certificate and key pair must have been generated for the service.

Procedure

Examine the service to determine the secret containing the certificate. This is found in the
```
serving-cert-secret-name
```
annotation, as seen below.
```
$ oc describe service <service_name>
```
Example output
```
...
service.beta.openshift.io/serving-cert-secret-name: <secret>
...
```
Delete the generated secret for the service. This process will automatically recreate the secret.
```
$ oc delete secret <secret> 
```
1
1
Replace <secret> with the name of the secret from the previous step.

Confirm that the certificate has been recreated by obtaining the new secret and examining the

AGE

$ oc get secret <service_name>

Example output

NAME              TYPE                DATA   AGE
<service.name>    kubernetes.io/tls   2      1s

3.3.9. Manually rotate the service CA certificate
Link kopieren

The service CA is valid for 26 months and is automatically refreshed when there is less than 13 months validity left.

If necessary, you can manually refresh the service CA by using the following procedure.

Warning

A manually-rotated service CA does not maintain trust with the previous service CA. You might experience a temporary service disruption until the pods in the cluster are restarted, which ensures that pods are using service serving certificates issued by the new service CA.

Prerequisites

You must be logged in as a cluster admin.

Procedure

View the expiration date of the current service CA certificate by using the following command.

$ oc get secrets/signing-key -n openshift-service-ca \
     -o template='{{index .data "tls.crt"}}' \
     | base64 --decode \
     | openssl x509 -noout -enddate

Manually rotate the service CA. This process generates a new service CA which will be used to sign the new service certificates.
```
$ oc delete secret/signing-key -n openshift-service-ca
```
To apply the new certificates to all services, restart all the pods in your cluster. This command ensures that all services use the updated certificates.
```
$ for I in $(oc get ns -o jsonpath='{range .items[*]} {.metadata.name}{"\n"} {end}'); \
      do oc delete pods --all -n $I; \
      sleep 1; \
      done
```
Warning
This command will cause a service interruption, as it goes through and deletes every running pod in every namespace. These pods will automatically restart after they are deleted.

3.4. Updating the CA bundle
Link kopieren

Important

Updating the certificate authority (CA) will cause the nodes of your cluster to reboot.

3.4.1. Understanding the CA Bundle certificate
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Proxy certificates allow users to specify one or more custom certificate authority (CA) used by platform components when making egress connections.

The

trustedCA

field of the Proxy object is a reference to a config map that contains a user-provided trusted certificate authority (CA) bundle. This bundle is merged with the Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) trust bundle and injected into the trust store of platform components that make egress HTTPS calls. For example,

image-registry-operator

calls an external image registry to download images. If

trustedCA

is not specified, only the RHCOS trust bundle is used for proxied HTTPS connections. Provide custom CA certificates to the RHCOS trust bundle if you want to use your own certificate infrastructure.

The

trustedCA

field should only be consumed by a proxy validator. The validator is responsible for reading the certificate bundle from required key

ca-bundle.crt

and copying it to a config map named

trusted-ca-bundle

in the

openshift-config-managed

namespace. The namespace for the config map referenced by

trustedCA

openshift-config

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: user-ca-bundle
  namespace: openshift-config
data:
  ca-bundle.crt: |
    -----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
    Custom CA certificate bundle.
    -----END CERTIFICATE-----

3.4.2. Replacing the CA Bundle certificate
Link kopieren

Procedure

Create a config map that includes the root CA certificate used to sign the wildcard certificate:
```
$ oc create configmap custom-ca \
     --from-file=ca-bundle.crt=</path/to/example-ca.crt> \
```
1
```
     -n openshift-config
```
1
</path/to/example-ca.crt> is the path to the CA certificate bundle on your local file system.

Update the cluster-wide proxy configuration with the newly created config map:

$ oc patch proxy/cluster \
     --type=merge \
     --patch='{"spec":{"trustedCA":{"name":"custom-ca"}}}'

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Chapter 3. Configuring certificates

3.1. Replacing the default ingress certificate
Link kopieren

3.1.1. Understanding the default ingress certificate
Link kopieren

3.1.2. Replacing the default ingress certificate
Link kopieren

Additional resources

3.2. Adding API server certificates
Link kopieren

3.2.1. Add an API server named certificate
Link kopieren

3.3. Securing service traffic using service serving certificate secrets
Link kopieren

3.3.1. Understanding service serving certificates
Link kopieren

3.3.2. Add a service certificate
Link kopieren

3.3.3. Add the service CA bundle to a config map
Link kopieren

3.3.4. Add the service CA bundle to an API service
Link kopieren

3.3.5. Add the service CA bundle to a custom resource definition
Link kopieren

3.3.6. Add the service CA bundle to a mutating webhook configuration
Link kopieren

3.3.7. Add the service CA bundle to a validating webhook configuration
Link kopieren

3.3.8. Manually rotate the generated service certificate
Link kopieren

3.3.9. Manually rotate the service CA certificate
Link kopieren

3.4. Updating the CA bundle
Link kopieren

3.4.1. Understanding the CA Bundle certificate
Link kopieren

3.4.2. Replacing the CA Bundle certificate
Link kopieren

Additional resources

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Chapter 3. Configuring certificates

3.1. Replacing the default ingress certificateLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.1.1. Understanding the default ingress certificateLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.1.2. Replacing the default ingress certificateLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

Additional resources

3.2. Adding API server certificatesLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.2.1. Add an API server named certificateLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.3. Securing service traffic using service serving certificate secretsLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.3.1. Understanding service serving certificatesLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.3.2. Add a service certificateLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.3.3. Add the service CA bundle to a config mapLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.3.4. Add the service CA bundle to an API serviceLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.3.5. Add the service CA bundle to a custom resource definitionLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.3.6. Add the service CA bundle to a mutating webhook configurationLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.3.7. Add the service CA bundle to a validating webhook configurationLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.3.8. Manually rotate the generated service certificateLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.3.9. Manually rotate the service CA certificateLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.4. Updating the CA bundleLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.4.1. Understanding the CA Bundle certificateLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

3.4.2. Replacing the CA Bundle certificateLink kopierenLink in die Zwischenablage kopiert!

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3.1. Replacing the default ingress certificate
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3.1.1. Understanding the default ingress certificate
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3.1.2. Replacing the default ingress certificate
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3.2. Adding API server certificates
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3.2.1. Add an API server named certificate
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3.3. Securing service traffic using service serving certificate secrets
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3.3.1. Understanding service serving certificates
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3.3.2. Add a service certificate
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3.3.3. Add the service CA bundle to a config map
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3.3.4. Add the service CA bundle to an API service
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3.3.5. Add the service CA bundle to a custom resource definition
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3.3.6. Add the service CA bundle to a mutating webhook configuration
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3.3.7. Add the service CA bundle to a validating webhook configuration
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3.3.8. Manually rotate the generated service certificate
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3.3.9. Manually rotate the service CA certificate
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3.4. Updating the CA bundle
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3.4.1. Understanding the CA Bundle certificate
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3.4.2. Replacing the CA Bundle certificate
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