Chapter 4. Administrator tasks
4.1. Adding Operators to a cluster
Using Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM), cluster administrators can install OLM-based Operators to an OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
For information on how OLM handles updates for installed Operators colocated in the same namespace, as well as an alternative method for installing Operators with custom global Operator groups, see Multitenancy and Operator colocation.
4.1.1. About Operator installation with OperatorHub
OperatorHub is a user interface for discovering Operators; it works in conjunction with Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM), which installs and manages Operators on a cluster.
As a cluster administrator, you can install an Operator from OperatorHub by using the OpenShift Container Platform web console or CLI. Subscribing an Operator to one or more namespaces makes the Operator available to developers on your cluster.
During installation, you must determine the following initial settings for the Operator:
- Installation Mode
- Choose All namespaces on the cluster (default) to have the Operator installed on all namespaces or choose individual namespaces, if available, to only install the Operator on selected namespaces. This example chooses All namespaces… to make the Operator available to all users and projects.
- Update Channel
- If an Operator is available through multiple channels, you can choose which channel you want to subscribe to. For example, to deploy from the stable channel, if available, select it from the list.
- Approval Strategy
You can choose automatic or manual updates.
If you choose automatic updates for an installed Operator, when a new version of that Operator is available in the selected channel, Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) automatically upgrades the running instance of your Operator without human intervention.
If you select manual updates, when a newer version of an Operator is available, OLM creates an update request. As a cluster administrator, you must then manually approve that update request to have the Operator updated to the new version.
Additional resources
4.1.2. Installing from OperatorHub by using the web console
You can install and subscribe to an Operator from OperatorHub by using the OpenShift Container Platform web console.
Prerequisites
-
Access to an OpenShift Container Platform cluster using an account with
cluster-admin
permissions.
Procedure
-
Navigate in the web console to the Operators
OperatorHub page. Scroll or type a keyword into the Filter by keyword box to find the Operator you want. For example, type
advanced
to find the Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes Operator.You can also filter options by Infrastructure Features. For example, select Disconnected if you want to see Operators that work in disconnected environments, also known as restricted network environments.
Select the Operator to display additional information.
NoteChoosing a Community Operator warns that Red Hat does not certify Community Operators; you must acknowledge the warning before continuing.
- Read the information about the Operator and click Install.
On the Install Operator page, configure your Operator installation:
If you want to install a specific version of an Operator, select an Update channel and Version from the lists. You can browse the various versions of an Operator across any channels it might have, view the metadata for that channel and version, and select the exact version you want to install.
NoteThe version selection defaults to the latest version for the channel selected. If the latest version for the channel is selected, the Automatic approval strategy is enabled by default. Otherwise, Manual approval is required when not installing the latest version for the selected channel.
Installing an Operator with Manual approval causes all Operators installed within the namespace to function with the Manual approval strategy and all Operators are updated together. If you want to update Operators independently, install Operators into separate namespaces.
Confirm the installation mode for the Operator:
-
All namespaces on the cluster (default) installs the Operator in the default
openshift-operators
namespace to watch and be made available to all namespaces in the cluster. This option is not always available. - A specific namespace on the cluster allows you to choose a specific, single namespace in which to install the Operator. The Operator will only watch and be made available for use in this single namespace.
-
All namespaces on the cluster (default) installs the Operator in the default
For clusters on cloud providers with token authentication enabled:
- If the cluster uses AWS STS (STS Mode in the web console), enter the Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the AWS IAM role of your service account in the role ARN field. To create the role’s ARN, follow the procedure described in Preparing AWS account.
- If the cluster uses Microsoft Entra Workload ID (Workload Identity / Federated Identity Mode in the web console), add the client ID, tenant ID, and subscription ID in the appropriate field.
For Update approval, select either the Automatic or Manual approval strategy.
ImportantIf the web console shows that the cluster uses AWS STS or Microsoft Entra Workload ID, you must set Update approval to Manual.
Subscriptions with automatic update approvals are not recommended because there might be permission changes to make prior to updating. Subscriptions with manual update approvals ensure that administrators have the opportunity to verify the permissions of the later version and take any necessary steps prior to update.
Click Install to make the Operator available to the selected namespaces on this OpenShift Container Platform cluster:
If you selected a Manual approval strategy, the upgrade status of the subscription remains Upgrading until you review and approve the install plan.
After approving on the Install Plan page, the subscription upgrade status moves to Up to date.
- If you selected an Automatic approval strategy, the upgrade status should resolve to Up to date without intervention.
Verification
After the upgrade status of the subscription is Up to date, select Operators
Installed Operators to verify that the cluster service version (CSV) of the installed Operator eventually shows up. The Status should eventually resolve to Succeeded in the relevant namespace. NoteFor the All namespaces… installation mode, the status resolves to Succeeded in the
openshift-operators
namespace, but the status is Copied if you check in other namespaces.If it does not:
-
Check the logs in any pods in the
openshift-operators
project (or other relevant namespace if A specific namespace… installation mode was selected) on the WorkloadsPods page that are reporting issues to troubleshoot further.
-
Check the logs in any pods in the
When the Operator is installed, the metadata indicates which channel and version are installed.
NoteThe Channel and Version dropdown menus are still available for viewing other version metadata in this catalog context.
Additional resources
4.1.3. Installing from OperatorHub by using the CLI
Instead of using the OpenShift Container Platform web console, you can install an Operator from OperatorHub by using the CLI. Use the oc
command to create or update a Subscription
object.
For SingleNamespace
install mode, you must also ensure an appropriate Operator group exists in the related namespace. An Operator group, defined by an OperatorGroup
object, selects target namespaces in which to generate required RBAC access for all Operators in the same namespace as the Operator group.
In most cases, the web console method of this procedure is preferred because it automates tasks in the background, such as handling the creation of OperatorGroup
and Subscription
objects automatically when choosing SingleNamespace
mode.
Prerequisites
-
Access to an OpenShift Container Platform cluster using an account with
cluster-admin
permissions. -
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
).
Procedure
View the list of Operators available to the cluster from OperatorHub:
$ oc get packagemanifests -n openshift-marketplace
Example 4.1. Example output
NAME CATALOG AGE 3scale-operator Red Hat Operators 91m advanced-cluster-management Red Hat Operators 91m amq7-cert-manager Red Hat Operators 91m # ... couchbase-enterprise-certified Certified Operators 91m crunchy-postgres-operator Certified Operators 91m mongodb-enterprise Certified Operators 91m # ... etcd Community Operators 91m jaeger Community Operators 91m kubefed Community Operators 91m # ...
Note the catalog for your desired Operator.
Inspect your desired Operator to verify its supported install modes and available channels:
$ oc describe packagemanifests <operator_name> -n openshift-marketplace
Example 4.2. Example output
# ... Kind: PackageManifest # ... Install Modes: 1 Supported: true Type: OwnNamespace Supported: true Type: SingleNamespace Supported: false Type: MultiNamespace Supported: true Type: AllNamespaces # ... Entries: Name: example-operator.v3.7.11 Version: 3.7.11 Name: example-operator.v3.7.10 Version: 3.7.10 Name: stable-3.7 2 # ... Entries: Name: example-operator.v3.8.5 Version: 3.8.5 Name: example-operator.v3.8.4 Version: 3.8.4 Name: stable-3.8 3 Default Channel: stable-3.8 4
TipYou can print an Operator’s version and channel information in YAML format by running the following command:
$ oc get packagemanifests <operator_name> -n <catalog_namespace> -o yaml
If more than one catalog is installed in a namespace, run the following command to look up the available versions and channels of an Operator from a specific catalog:
$ oc get packagemanifest \ --selector=catalog=<catalogsource_name> \ --field-selector metadata.name=<operator_name> \ -n <catalog_namespace> -o yaml
ImportantIf you do not specify the Operator’s catalog, running the
oc get packagemanifest
andoc describe packagemanifest
commands might return a package from an unexpected catalog if the following conditions are met:- Multiple catalogs are installed in the same namespace.
- The catalogs contain the same Operators or Operators with the same name.
If the Operator you intend to install supports the
AllNamespaces
install mode, and you choose to use this mode, skip this step, because theopenshift-operators
namespace already has an appropriate Operator group in place by default, calledglobal-operators
.If the Operator you intend to install supports the
SingleNamespace
install mode, and you choose to use this mode, you must ensure an appropriate Operator group exists in the related namespace. If one does not exist, you can create create one by following these steps:ImportantYou can only have one Operator group per namespace. For more information, see "Operator groups".
Create an
OperatorGroup
object YAML file, for exampleoperatorgroup.yaml
, forSingleNamespace
install mode:Example
OperatorGroup
object forSingleNamespace
install modeapiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: <operatorgroup_name> namespace: <namespace> 1 spec: targetNamespaces: - <namespace> 2
Create the
OperatorGroup
object:$ oc apply -f operatorgroup.yaml
Create a
Subscription
object to subscribe a namespace to an Operator:Create a YAML file for the
Subscription
object, for examplesubscription.yaml
:NoteIf you want to subscribe to a specific version of an Operator, set the
startingCSV
field to the desired version and set theinstallPlanApproval
field toManual
to prevent the Operator from automatically upgrading if a later version exists in the catalog. For details, see the following "ExampleSubscription
object with a specific starting Operator version".Example 4.3. Example
Subscription
objectapiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: <subscription_name> namespace: <namespace_per_install_mode> 1 spec: channel: <channel_name> 2 name: <operator_name> 3 source: <catalog_name> 4 sourceNamespace: <catalog_source_namespace> 5 config: env: 6 - name: ARGS value: "-v=10" envFrom: 7 - secretRef: name: license-secret volumes: 8 - name: <volume_name> configMap: name: <configmap_name> volumeMounts: 9 - mountPath: <directory_name> name: <volume_name> tolerations: 10 - operator: "Exists" resources: 11 requests: memory: "64Mi" cpu: "250m" limits: memory: "128Mi" cpu: "500m" nodeSelector: 12 foo: bar
- 1
- For default
AllNamespaces
install mode usage, specify theopenshift-operators
namespace. Alternatively, you can specify a custom global namespace, if you have created one. ForSingleNamespace
install mode usage, specify the relevant single namespace. - 2
- Name of the channel to subscribe to.
- 3
- Name of the Operator to subscribe to.
- 4
- Name of the catalog source that provides the Operator.
- 5
- Namespace of the catalog source. Use
openshift-marketplace
for the default OperatorHub catalog sources. - 6
- The
env
parameter defines a list of environment variables that must exist in all containers in the pod created by OLM. - 7
- The
envFrom
parameter defines a list of sources to populate environment variables in the container. - 8
- The
volumes
parameter defines a list of volumes that must exist on the pod created by OLM. - 9
- The
volumeMounts
parameter defines a list of volume mounts that must exist in all containers in the pod created by OLM. If avolumeMount
references avolume
that does not exist, OLM fails to deploy the Operator. - 10
- The
tolerations
parameter defines a list of tolerations for the pod created by OLM. - 11
- The
resources
parameter defines resource constraints for all the containers in the pod created by OLM. - 12
- The
nodeSelector
parameter defines aNodeSelector
for the pod created by OLM.
Example 4.4. Example
Subscription
object with a specific starting Operator versionapiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: example-operator namespace: example-operator spec: channel: stable-3.7 installPlanApproval: Manual 1 name: example-operator source: custom-operators sourceNamespace: openshift-marketplace startingCSV: example-operator.v3.7.10 2
- 1
- Set the approval strategy to
Manual
in case your specified version is superseded by a later version in the catalog. This plan prevents an automatic upgrade to a later version and requires manual approval before the starting CSV can complete the installation. - 2
- Set a specific version of an Operator CSV.
For clusters on cloud providers with token authentication enabled, configure your
Subscription
object by following these steps:Ensure the
Subscription
object is set to manual update approvals:kind: Subscription # ... spec: installPlanApproval: Manual 1
- 1
- Subscriptions with automatic update approvals are not recommended because there might be permission changes to make prior to updating. Subscriptions with manual update approvals ensure that administrators have the opportunity to verify the permissions of the later version and take any necessary steps prior to update.
Include the relevant cloud provider-specific fields in the
Subscription
object’sconfig
section:If the cluster is in AWS STS mode, include the following fields:
kind: Subscription # ... spec: config: env: - name: ROLEARN value: "<role_arn>" 1
- 1
- Include the role ARN details.
If the cluster is in Microsoft Entra Workload ID mode, include the following fields:
kind: Subscription # ... spec: config: env: - name: CLIENTID value: "<client_id>" 1 - name: TENANTID value: "<tenant_id>" 2 - name: SUBSCRIPTIONID value: "<subscription_id>" 3
Create the
Subscription
object by running the following command:$ oc apply -f subscription.yaml
-
If you set the
installPlanApproval
field toManual
, manually approve the pending install plan to complete the Operator installation. For more information, see "Manually approving a pending Operator update".
At this point, OLM is now aware of the selected Operator. A cluster service version (CSV) for the Operator should appear in the target namespace, and APIs provided by the Operator should be available for creation.
Verification
Check the status of the
Subscription
object for your installed Operator by running the following command:$ oc describe subscription <subscription_name> -n <namespace>
If you created an Operator group for
SingleNamespace
install mode, check the status of theOperatorGroup
object by running the following command:$ oc describe operatorgroup <operatorgroup_name> -n <namespace>
4.1.4. Preparing for multiple instances of an Operator for multitenant clusters
As a cluster administrator, you can add multiple instances of an Operator for use in multitenant clusters. This is an alternative solution to either using the standard All namespaces install mode, which can be considered to violate the principle of least privilege, or the Multinamespace mode, which is not widely adopted. For more information, see "Operators in multitenant clusters".
In the following procedure, the tenant is a user or group of users that share common access and privileges for a set of deployed workloads. The tenant Operator is the instance of an Operator that is intended for use by only that tenant.
Prerequisites
All instances of the Operator you want to install must be the same version across a given cluster.
ImportantFor more information on this and other limitations, see "Operators in multitenant clusters".
Procedure
Before installing the Operator, create a namespace for the tenant Operator that is separate from the tenant’s namespace. For example, if the tenant’s namespace is
team1
, you might create ateam1-operator
namespace:Define a
Namespace
resource and save the YAML file, for example,team1-operator.yaml
:apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: team1-operator
Create the namespace by running the following command:
$ oc create -f team1-operator.yaml
Create an Operator group for the tenant Operator scoped to the tenant’s namespace, with only that one namespace entry in the
spec.targetNamespaces
list:Define an
OperatorGroup
resource and save the YAML file, for example,team1-operatorgroup.yaml
:apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: team1-operatorgroup namespace: team1-operator spec: targetNamespaces: - team1 1
- 1
- Define only the tenant’s namespace in the
spec.targetNamespaces
list.
Create the Operator group by running the following command:
$ oc create -f team1-operatorgroup.yaml
Next steps
Install the Operator in the tenant Operator namespace. This task is more easily performed by using the OperatorHub in the web console instead of the CLI; for a detailed procedure, see Installing from OperatorHub using the web console.
NoteAfter completing the Operator installation, the Operator resides in the tenant Operator namespace and watches the tenant namespace, but neither the Operator’s pod nor its service account are visible or usable by the tenant.
Additional resources
4.1.5. Installing global Operators in custom namespaces
When installing Operators with the OpenShift Container Platform web console, the default behavior installs Operators that support the All namespaces install mode into the default openshift-operators
global namespace. This can cause issues related to shared install plans and update policies between all Operators in the namespace. For more details on these limitations, see "Multitenancy and Operator colocation".
As a cluster administrator, you can bypass this default behavior manually by creating a custom global namespace and using that namespace to install your individual or scoped set of Operators and their dependencies.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role.
Procedure
Before installing the Operator, create a namespace for the installation of your desired Operator. This installation namespace will become the custom global namespace:
Define a
Namespace
resource and save the YAML file, for example,global-operators.yaml
:apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: global-operators
Create the namespace by running the following command:
$ oc create -f global-operators.yaml
Create a custom global Operator group, which is an Operator group that watches all namespaces:
Define an
OperatorGroup
resource and save the YAML file, for example,global-operatorgroup.yaml
. Omit both thespec.selector
andspec.targetNamespaces
fields to make it a global Operator group, which selects all namespaces:apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: global-operatorgroup namespace: global-operators
NoteThe
status.namespaces
of a created global Operator group contains the empty string (""
), which signals to a consuming Operator that it should watch all namespaces.Create the Operator group by running the following command:
$ oc create -f global-operatorgroup.yaml
Next steps
Install the desired Operator in your custom global namespace. Because the web console does not populate the Installed Namespace menu during Operator installation with custom global namespaces, this task can only be performed with the OpenShift CLI (
oc
). For a detailed procedure, see Installing from OperatorHub using the CLI.NoteWhen you initiate the Operator installation, if the Operator has dependencies, the dependencies are also automatically installed in the custom global namespace. As a result, it is then valid for the dependency Operators to have the same update policy and shared install plans.
Additional resources
4.1.6. Pod placement of Operator workloads
By default, Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) places pods on arbitrary worker nodes when installing an Operator or deploying Operand workloads. As an administrator, you can use projects with a combination of node selectors, taints, and tolerations to control the placement of Operators and Operands to specific nodes.
Controlling pod placement of Operator and Operand workloads has the following prerequisites:
-
Determine a node or set of nodes to target for the pods per your requirements. If available, note an existing label, such as
node-role.kubernetes.io/app
, that identifies the node or nodes. Otherwise, add a label, such asmyoperator
, by using a compute machine set or editing the node directly. You will use this label in a later step as the node selector on your project. -
If you want to ensure that only pods with a certain label are allowed to run on the nodes, while steering unrelated workloads to other nodes, add a taint to the node or nodes by using a compute machine set or editing the node directly. Use an effect that ensures that new pods that do not match the taint cannot be scheduled on the nodes. For example, a
myoperator:NoSchedule
taint ensures that new pods that do not match the taint are not scheduled onto that node, but existing pods on the node are allowed to remain. - Create a project that is configured with a default node selector and, if you added a taint, a matching toleration.
At this point, the project you created can be used to steer pods towards the specified nodes in the following scenarios:
- For Operator pods
-
Administrators can create a
Subscription
object in the project as described in the following section. As a result, the Operator pods are placed on the specified nodes. - For Operand pods
- Using an installed Operator, users can create an application in the project, which places the custom resource (CR) owned by the Operator in the project. As a result, the Operand pods are placed on the specified nodes, unless the Operator is deploying cluster-wide objects or resources in other namespaces, in which case this customized pod placement does not apply.
Additional resources
- Adding taints and tolerations manually to nodes or with compute machine sets
- Creating project-wide node selectors
- Creating a project with a node selector and toleration
4.1.7. Controlling where an Operator is installed
By default, when you install an Operator, OpenShift Container Platform installs the Operator pod to one of your worker nodes randomly. However, there might be situations where you want that pod scheduled on a specific node or set of nodes.
The following examples describe situations where you might want to schedule an Operator pod to a specific node or set of nodes:
-
If an Operator requires a particular platform, such as
amd64
orarm64
- If an Operator requires a particular operating system, such as Linux or Windows
- If you want Operators that work together scheduled on the same host or on hosts located on the same rack
- If you want Operators dispersed throughout the infrastructure to avoid downtime due to network or hardware issues
You can control where an Operator pod is installed by adding node affinity, pod affinity, or pod anti-affinity constraints to the Operator’s Subscription
object. Node affinity is a set of rules used by the scheduler to determine where a pod can be placed. Pod affinity enables you to ensure that related pods are scheduled to the same node. Pod anti-affinity allows you to prevent a pod from being scheduled on a node.
The following examples show how to use node affinity or pod anti-affinity to install an instance of the Custom Metrics Autoscaler Operator to a specific node in the cluster:
Node affinity example that places the Operator pod on a specific node
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1
kind: Subscription
metadata:
name: openshift-custom-metrics-autoscaler-operator
namespace: openshift-keda
spec:
name: my-package
source: my-operators
sourceNamespace: operator-registries
config:
affinity:
nodeAffinity: 1
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/hostname
operator: In
values:
- ip-10-0-163-94.us-west-2.compute.internal
#...
- 1
- A node affinity that requires the Operator’s pod to be scheduled on a node named
ip-10-0-163-94.us-west-2.compute.internal
.
Node affinity example that places the Operator pod on a node with a specific platform
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1
kind: Subscription
metadata:
name: openshift-custom-metrics-autoscaler-operator
namespace: openshift-keda
spec:
name: my-package
source: my-operators
sourceNamespace: operator-registries
config:
affinity:
nodeAffinity: 1
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
nodeSelectorTerms:
- matchExpressions:
- key: kubernetes.io/arch
operator: In
values:
- arm64
- key: kubernetes.io/os
operator: In
values:
- linux
#...
- 1
- A node affinity that requires the Operator’s pod to be scheduled on a node with the
kubernetes.io/arch=arm64
andkubernetes.io/os=linux
labels.
Pod affinity example that places the Operator pod on one or more specific nodes
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1
kind: Subscription
metadata:
name: openshift-custom-metrics-autoscaler-operator
namespace: openshift-keda
spec:
name: my-package
source: my-operators
sourceNamespace: operator-registries
config:
affinity:
podAffinity: 1
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
- labelSelector:
matchExpressions:
- key: app
operator: In
values:
- test
topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname
#...
- 1
- A pod affinity that places the Operator’s pod on a node that has pods with the
app=test
label.
Pod anti-affinity example that prevents the Operator pod from one or more specific nodes
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1
kind: Subscription
metadata:
name: openshift-custom-metrics-autoscaler-operator
namespace: openshift-keda
spec:
name: my-package
source: my-operators
sourceNamespace: operator-registries
config:
affinity:
podAntiAffinity: 1
requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:
- labelSelector:
matchExpressions:
- key: cpu
operator: In
values:
- high
topologyKey: kubernetes.io/hostname
#...
- 1
- A pod anti-affinity that prevents the Operator’s pod from being scheduled on a node that has pods with the
cpu=high
label.
Procedure
To control the placement of an Operator pod, complete the following steps:
- Install the Operator as usual.
- If needed, ensure that your nodes are labeled to properly respond to the affinity.
Edit the Operator
Subscription
object to add an affinity:apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: openshift-custom-metrics-autoscaler-operator namespace: openshift-keda spec: name: my-package source: my-operators sourceNamespace: operator-registries config: affinity: 1 nodeAffinity: requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution: nodeSelectorTerms: - matchExpressions: - key: kubernetes.io/hostname operator: In values: - ip-10-0-185-229.ec2.internal #...
- 1
- Add a
nodeAffinity
,podAffinity
, orpodAntiAffinity
. See the Additional resources section that follows for information about creating the affinity.
Verification
To ensure that the pod is deployed on the specific node, run the following command:
$ oc get pods -o wide
Example output
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE IP NODE NOMINATED NODE READINESS GATES custom-metrics-autoscaler-operator-5dcc45d656-bhshg 1/1 Running 0 50s 10.131.0.20 ip-10-0-185-229.ec2.internal <none> <none>
4.2. Updating installed Operators
As a cluster administrator, you can update Operators that have been previously installed using Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) on your OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
For information on how OLM handles updates for installed Operators colocated in the same namespace, as well as an alternative method for installing Operators with custom global Operator groups, see Multitenancy and Operator colocation.
4.2.1. Preparing for an Operator update
The subscription of an installed Operator specifies an update channel that tracks and receives updates for the Operator. You can change the update channel to start tracking and receiving updates from a newer channel.
The names of update channels in a subscription can differ between Operators, but the naming scheme typically follows a common convention within a given Operator. For example, channel names might follow a minor release update stream for the application provided by the Operator (1.2
, 1.3
) or a release frequency (stable
, fast
).
You cannot change installed Operators to a channel that is older than the current channel.
Red Hat Customer Portal Labs include the following application that helps administrators prepare to update their Operators:
You can use the application to search for Operator Lifecycle Manager-based Operators and verify the available Operator version per update channel across different versions of OpenShift Container Platform. Cluster Version Operator-based Operators are not included.
4.2.2. Changing the update channel for an Operator
You can change the update channel for an Operator by using the OpenShift Container Platform web console.
If the approval strategy in the subscription is set to Automatic, the update process initiates as soon as a new Operator version is available in the selected channel. If the approval strategy is set to Manual, you must manually approve pending updates.
Prerequisites
- An Operator previously installed using Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM).
Procedure
-
In the Administrator perspective of the web console, navigate to Operators
Installed Operators. - Click the name of the Operator you want to change the update channel for.
- Click the Subscription tab.
- Click the name of the update channel under Update channel.
- Click the newer update channel that you want to change to, then click Save.
For subscriptions with an Automatic approval strategy, the update begins automatically. Navigate back to the Operators
Installed Operators page to monitor the progress of the update. When complete, the status changes to Succeeded and Up to date. For subscriptions with a Manual approval strategy, you can manually approve the update from the Subscription tab.
4.2.3. Manually approving a pending Operator update
If an installed Operator has the approval strategy in its subscription set to Manual, when new updates are released in its current update channel, the update must be manually approved before installation can begin.
Prerequisites
- An Operator previously installed using Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM).
Procedure
-
In the Administrator perspective of the OpenShift Container Platform web console, navigate to Operators
Installed Operators. - Operators that have a pending update display a status with Upgrade available. Click the name of the Operator you want to update.
- Click the Subscription tab. Any updates requiring approval are displayed next to Upgrade status. For example, it might display 1 requires approval.
- Click 1 requires approval, then click Preview Install Plan.
- Review the resources that are listed as available for update. When satisfied, click Approve.
-
Navigate back to the Operators
Installed Operators page to monitor the progress of the update. When complete, the status changes to Succeeded and Up to date.
4.2.4. Additional resources
4.3. Deleting Operators from a cluster
The following describes how to delete, or uninstall, Operators that were previously installed using Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) on your OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
You must successfully and completely uninstall an Operator prior to attempting to reinstall the same Operator. Failure to fully uninstall the Operator properly can leave resources, such as a project or namespace, stuck in a "Terminating" state and cause "error resolving resource" messages to be observed when trying to reinstall the Operator.
For more information, see Reinstalling Operators after failed uninstallation.
4.3.1. Deleting Operators from a cluster using the web console
Cluster administrators can delete installed Operators from a selected namespace by using the web console.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to an OpenShift Container Platform cluster web console using an account with
cluster-admin
permissions.
Procedure
-
Navigate to the Operators
Installed Operators page. - Scroll or enter a keyword into the Filter by name field to find the Operator that you want to remove. Then, click on it.
On the right side of the Operator Details page, select Uninstall Operator from the Actions list.
An Uninstall Operator? dialog box is displayed.
Select Uninstall to remove the Operator, Operator deployments, and pods. Following this action, the Operator stops running and no longer receives updates.
NoteThis action does not remove resources managed by the Operator, including custom resource definitions (CRDs) and custom resources (CRs). Dashboards and navigation items enabled by the web console and off-cluster resources that continue to run might need manual clean up. To remove these after uninstalling the Operator, you might need to manually delete the Operator CRDs.
4.3.2. Deleting Operators from a cluster using the CLI
Cluster administrators can delete installed Operators from a selected namespace by using the CLI.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to an OpenShift Container Platform cluster using an account with
cluster-admin
permissions. -
The OpenShift CLI (
oc
) is installed on your workstation.
Procedure
Ensure the latest version of the subscribed operator (for example,
serverless-operator
) is identified in thecurrentCSV
field.$ oc get subscription.operators.coreos.com serverless-operator -n openshift-serverless -o yaml | grep currentCSV
Example output
currentCSV: serverless-operator.v1.28.0
Delete the subscription (for example,
serverless-operator
):$ oc delete subscription.operators.coreos.com serverless-operator -n openshift-serverless
Example output
subscription.operators.coreos.com "serverless-operator" deleted
Delete the CSV for the Operator in the target namespace using the
currentCSV
value from the previous step:$ oc delete clusterserviceversion serverless-operator.v1.28.0 -n openshift-serverless
Example output
clusterserviceversion.operators.coreos.com "serverless-operator.v1.28.0" deleted
4.3.3. Refreshing failing subscriptions
In Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM), if you subscribe to an Operator that references images that are not accessible on your network, you can find jobs in the openshift-marketplace
namespace that are failing with the following errors:
Example output
ImagePullBackOff for Back-off pulling image "example.com/openshift4/ose-elasticsearch-operator-bundle@sha256:6d2587129c846ec28d384540322b40b05833e7e00b25cca584e004af9a1d292e"
Example output
rpc error: code = Unknown desc = error pinging docker registry example.com: Get "https://example.com/v2/": dial tcp: lookup example.com on 10.0.0.1:53: no such host
As a result, the subscription is stuck in this failing state and the Operator is unable to install or upgrade.
You can refresh a failing subscription by deleting the subscription, cluster service version (CSV), and other related objects. After recreating the subscription, OLM then reinstalls the correct version of the Operator.
Prerequisites
- You have a failing subscription that is unable to pull an inaccessible bundle image.
- You have confirmed that the correct bundle image is accessible.
Procedure
Get the names of the
Subscription
andClusterServiceVersion
objects from the namespace where the Operator is installed:$ oc get sub,csv -n <namespace>
Example output
NAME PACKAGE SOURCE CHANNEL subscription.operators.coreos.com/elasticsearch-operator elasticsearch-operator redhat-operators 5.0 NAME DISPLAY VERSION REPLACES PHASE clusterserviceversion.operators.coreos.com/elasticsearch-operator.5.0.0-65 OpenShift Elasticsearch Operator 5.0.0-65 Succeeded
Delete the subscription:
$ oc delete subscription <subscription_name> -n <namespace>
Delete the cluster service version:
$ oc delete csv <csv_name> -n <namespace>
Get the names of any failing jobs and related config maps in the
openshift-marketplace
namespace:$ oc get job,configmap -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME COMPLETIONS DURATION AGE job.batch/1de9443b6324e629ddf31fed0a853a121275806170e34c926d69e53a7fcbccb 1/1 26s 9m30s NAME DATA AGE configmap/1de9443b6324e629ddf31fed0a853a121275806170e34c926d69e53a7fcbccb 3 9m30s
Delete the job:
$ oc delete job <job_name> -n openshift-marketplace
This ensures pods that try to pull the inaccessible image are not recreated.
Delete the config map:
$ oc delete configmap <configmap_name> -n openshift-marketplace
- Reinstall the Operator using OperatorHub in the web console.
Verification
Check that the Operator has been reinstalled successfully:
$ oc get sub,csv,installplan -n <namespace>
4.4. Configuring Operator Lifecycle Manager features
The Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) controller is configured by an OLMConfig
custom resource (CR) named cluster
. Cluster administrators can modify this resource to enable or disable certain features.
This document outlines the features currently supported by OLM that are configured by the OLMConfig
resource.
4.4.1. Disabling copied CSVs
When an Operator is installed by Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM), a simplified copy of its cluster service version (CSV) is created by default in every namespace that the Operator is configured to watch. These CSVs are known as copied CSVs and communicate to users which controllers are actively reconciling resource events in a given namespace.
When an Operator is configured to use the AllNamespaces
install mode, versus targeting a single or specified set of namespaces, a copied CSV for the Operator is created in every namespace on the cluster. On especially large clusters, with namespaces and installed Operators potentially in the hundreds or thousands, copied CSVs consume an untenable amount of resources, such as OLM’s memory usage, cluster etcd limits, and networking.
To support these larger clusters, cluster administrators can disable copied CSVs for Operators globally installed with the AllNamespaces
mode.
If you disable copied CSVs, an Operator installed in AllNamespaces
mode has their CSV copied only to the openshift
namespace, instead of every namespace on the cluster. In disabled copied CSVs mode, the behavior differs between the web console and CLI:
-
In the web console, the default behavior is modified to show copied CSVs from the
openshift
namespace in every namespace, even though the CSVs are not actually copied to every namespace. This allows regular users to still be able to view the details of these Operators in their namespaces and create related custom resources (CRs). In the OpenShift CLI (
oc
), regular users can view Operators installed directly in their namespaces by using theoc get csvs
command, but the copied CSVs from theopenshift
namespace are not visible in their namespaces. Operators affected by this limitation are still available and continue to reconcile events in the user’s namespace.To view a full list of installed global Operators, similar to the web console behavior, all authenticated users can run the following command:
$ oc get csvs -n openshift
Procedure
Edit the
OLMConfig
object namedcluster
and set thespec.features.disableCopiedCSVs
field totrue
:$ oc apply -f - <<EOF apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OLMConfig metadata: name: cluster spec: features: disableCopiedCSVs: true 1 EOF
- 1
- Disabled copied CSVs for
AllNamespaces
install mode Operators
Verification
When copied CSVs are disabled, OLM captures this information in an event in the Operator’s namespace:
$ oc get events
Example output
LAST SEEN TYPE REASON OBJECT MESSAGE 85s Warning DisabledCopiedCSVs clusterserviceversion/my-csv.v1.0.0 CSV copying disabled for operators/my-csv.v1.0.0
When the
spec.features.disableCopiedCSVs
field is missing or set tofalse
, OLM recreates the copied CSVs for all Operators installed with theAllNamespaces
mode and deletes the previously mentioned events.
Additional resources
4.5. Configuring proxy support in Operator Lifecycle Manager
If a global proxy is configured on the OpenShift Container Platform cluster, Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) automatically configures Operators that it manages with the cluster-wide proxy. However, you can also configure installed Operators to override the global proxy or inject a custom CA certificate.
Additional resources
- Configuring a custom PKI (custom CA certificate)
- Developing Operators that support proxy settings for Go, Ansible, and Helm
4.5.1. Overriding proxy settings of an Operator
If a cluster-wide egress proxy is configured, Operators running with Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) inherit the cluster-wide proxy settings on their deployments. Cluster administrators can also override these proxy settings by configuring the subscription of an Operator.
Operators must handle setting environment variables for proxy settings in the pods for any managed Operands.
Prerequisites
-
Access to an OpenShift Container Platform cluster using an account with
cluster-admin
permissions.
Procedure
-
Navigate in the web console to the Operators
OperatorHub page. - Select the Operator and click Install.
On the Install Operator page, modify the
Subscription
object to include one or more of the following environment variables in thespec
section:-
HTTP_PROXY
-
HTTPS_PROXY
-
NO_PROXY
For example:
Subscription
object with proxy setting overridesapiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: etcd-config-test namespace: openshift-operators spec: config: env: - name: HTTP_PROXY value: test_http - name: HTTPS_PROXY value: test_https - name: NO_PROXY value: test channel: clusterwide-alpha installPlanApproval: Automatic name: etcd source: community-operators sourceNamespace: openshift-marketplace startingCSV: etcdoperator.v0.9.4-clusterwide
NoteThese environment variables can also be unset using an empty value to remove any previously set cluster-wide or custom proxy settings.
OLM handles these environment variables as a unit; if at least one of them is set, all three are considered overridden and the cluster-wide defaults are not used for the deployments of the subscribed Operator.
-
- Click Install to make the Operator available to the selected namespaces.
After the CSV for the Operator appears in the relevant namespace, you can verify that custom proxy environment variables are set in the deployment. For example, using the CLI:
$ oc get deployment -n openshift-operators \ etcd-operator -o yaml \ | grep -i "PROXY" -A 2
Example output
- name: HTTP_PROXY value: test_http - name: HTTPS_PROXY value: test_https - name: NO_PROXY value: test image: quay.io/coreos/etcd-operator@sha256:66a37fd61a06a43969854ee6d3e21088a98b93838e284a6086b13917f96b0d9c ...
4.5.2. Injecting a custom CA certificate
When a cluster administrator adds a custom CA certificate to a cluster using a config map, the Cluster Network Operator merges the user-provided certificates and system CA certificates into a single bundle. You can inject this merged bundle into your Operator running on Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM), which is useful if you have a man-in-the-middle HTTPS proxy.
Prerequisites
-
Access to an OpenShift Container Platform cluster using an account with
cluster-admin
permissions. - Custom CA certificate added to the cluster using a config map.
- Desired Operator installed and running on OLM.
Procedure
Create an empty config map in the namespace where the subscription for your Operator exists and include the following label:
apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: trusted-ca 1 labels: config.openshift.io/inject-trusted-cabundle: "true" 2
After creating this config map, it is immediately populated with the certificate contents of the merged bundle.
Update the
Subscription
object to include aspec.config
section that mounts thetrusted-ca
config map as a volume to each container within a pod that requires a custom CA:apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: my-operator spec: package: etcd channel: alpha config: 1 selector: matchLabels: <labels_for_pods> 2 volumes: 3 - name: trusted-ca configMap: name: trusted-ca items: - key: ca-bundle.crt 4 path: tls-ca-bundle.pem 5 volumeMounts: 6 - name: trusted-ca mountPath: /etc/pki/ca-trust/extracted/pem readOnly: true
NoteDeployments of an Operator can fail to validate the authority and display a
x509 certificate signed by unknown authority
error. This error can occur even after injecting a custom CA when using the subscription of an Operator. In this case, you can set themountPath
as/etc/ssl/certs
for trusted-ca by using the subscription of an Operator.
4.6. Viewing Operator status
Understanding the state of the system in Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) is important for making decisions about and debugging problems with installed Operators. OLM provides insight into subscriptions and related catalog sources regarding their state and actions performed. This helps users better understand the healthiness of their Operators.
4.6.1. Operator subscription condition types
Subscriptions can report the following condition types:
Condition | Description |
---|---|
| Some or all of the catalog sources to be used in resolution are unhealthy. |
| An install plan for a subscription is missing. |
| An install plan for a subscription is pending installation. |
| An install plan for a subscription has failed. |
| The dependency resolution for a subscription has failed. |
Default OpenShift Container Platform cluster Operators are managed by the Cluster Version Operator (CVO) and they do not have a Subscription
object. Application Operators are managed by Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) and they have a Subscription
object.
Additional resources
4.6.2. Viewing Operator subscription status by using the CLI
You can view Operator subscription status by using the CLI.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. -
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
).
Procedure
List Operator subscriptions:
$ oc get subs -n <operator_namespace>
Use the
oc describe
command to inspect aSubscription
resource:$ oc describe sub <subscription_name> -n <operator_namespace>
In the command output, find the
Conditions
section for the status of Operator subscription condition types. In the following example, theCatalogSourcesUnhealthy
condition type has a status offalse
because all available catalog sources are healthy:Example output
Name: cluster-logging Namespace: openshift-logging Labels: operators.coreos.com/cluster-logging.openshift-logging= Annotations: <none> API Version: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 Kind: Subscription # ... Conditions: Last Transition Time: 2019-07-29T13:42:57Z Message: all available catalogsources are healthy Reason: AllCatalogSourcesHealthy Status: False Type: CatalogSourcesUnhealthy # ...
Default OpenShift Container Platform cluster Operators are managed by the Cluster Version Operator (CVO) and they do not have a Subscription
object. Application Operators are managed by Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) and they have a Subscription
object.
4.6.3. Viewing Operator catalog source status by using the CLI
You can view the status of an Operator catalog source by using the CLI.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. -
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
).
Procedure
List the catalog sources in a namespace. For example, you can check the
openshift-marketplace
namespace, which is used for cluster-wide catalog sources:$ oc get catalogsources -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME DISPLAY TYPE PUBLISHER AGE certified-operators Certified Operators grpc Red Hat 55m community-operators Community Operators grpc Red Hat 55m example-catalog Example Catalog grpc Example Org 2m25s redhat-marketplace Red Hat Marketplace grpc Red Hat 55m redhat-operators Red Hat Operators grpc Red Hat 55m
Use the
oc describe
command to get more details and status about a catalog source:$ oc describe catalogsource example-catalog -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
Name: example-catalog Namespace: openshift-marketplace Labels: <none> Annotations: operatorframework.io/managed-by: marketplace-operator target.workload.openshift.io/management: {"effect": "PreferredDuringScheduling"} API Version: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 Kind: CatalogSource # ... Status: Connection State: Address: example-catalog.openshift-marketplace.svc:50051 Last Connect: 2021-09-09T17:07:35Z Last Observed State: TRANSIENT_FAILURE Registry Service: Created At: 2021-09-09T17:05:45Z Port: 50051 Protocol: grpc Service Name: example-catalog Service Namespace: openshift-marketplace # ...
In the preceding example output, the last observed state is
TRANSIENT_FAILURE
. This state indicates that there is a problem establishing a connection for the catalog source.List the pods in the namespace where your catalog source was created:
$ oc get pods -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE certified-operators-cv9nn 1/1 Running 0 36m community-operators-6v8lp 1/1 Running 0 36m marketplace-operator-86bfc75f9b-jkgbc 1/1 Running 0 42m example-catalog-bwt8z 0/1 ImagePullBackOff 0 3m55s redhat-marketplace-57p8c 1/1 Running 0 36m redhat-operators-smxx8 1/1 Running 0 36m
When a catalog source is created in a namespace, a pod for the catalog source is created in that namespace. In the preceding example output, the status for the
example-catalog-bwt8z
pod isImagePullBackOff
. This status indicates that there is an issue pulling the catalog source’s index image.Use the
oc describe
command to inspect a pod for more detailed information:$ oc describe pod example-catalog-bwt8z -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
Name: example-catalog-bwt8z Namespace: openshift-marketplace Priority: 0 Node: ci-ln-jyryyg2-f76d1-ggdbq-worker-b-vsxjd/10.0.128.2 ... Events: Type Reason Age From Message ---- ------ ---- ---- ------- Normal Scheduled 48s default-scheduler Successfully assigned openshift-marketplace/example-catalog-bwt8z to ci-ln-jyryyf2-f76d1-fgdbq-worker-b-vsxjd Normal AddedInterface 47s multus Add eth0 [10.131.0.40/23] from openshift-sdn Normal BackOff 20s (x2 over 46s) kubelet Back-off pulling image "quay.io/example-org/example-catalog:v1" Warning Failed 20s (x2 over 46s) kubelet Error: ImagePullBackOff Normal Pulling 8s (x3 over 47s) kubelet Pulling image "quay.io/example-org/example-catalog:v1" Warning Failed 8s (x3 over 47s) kubelet Failed to pull image "quay.io/example-org/example-catalog:v1": rpc error: code = Unknown desc = reading manifest v1 in quay.io/example-org/example-catalog: unauthorized: access to the requested resource is not authorized Warning Failed 8s (x3 over 47s) kubelet Error: ErrImagePull
In the preceding example output, the error messages indicate that the catalog source’s index image is failing to pull successfully because of an authorization issue. For example, the index image might be stored in a registry that requires login credentials.
Additional resources
4.7. Managing Operator conditions
As a cluster administrator, you can manage Operator conditions by using Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM).
4.7.1. Overriding Operator conditions
As a cluster administrator, you might want to ignore a supported Operator condition reported by an Operator. When present, Operator conditions in the Spec.Overrides
array override the conditions in the Spec.Conditions
array, allowing cluster administrators to deal with situations where an Operator is incorrectly reporting a state to Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM).
By default, the Spec.Overrides
array is not present in an OperatorCondition
object until it is added by a cluster administrator . The Spec.Conditions
array is also not present until it is either added by a user or as a result of custom Operator logic.
For example, consider a known version of an Operator that always communicates that it is not upgradeable. In this instance, you might want to upgrade the Operator despite the Operator communicating that it is not upgradeable. This could be accomplished by overriding the Operator condition by adding the condition type
and status
to the Spec.Overrides
array in the OperatorCondition
object.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. -
An Operator with an
OperatorCondition
object, installed using OLM.
Procedure
Edit the
OperatorCondition
object for the Operator:$ oc edit operatorcondition <name>
Add a
Spec.Overrides
array to the object:Example Operator condition override
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v2 kind: OperatorCondition metadata: name: my-operator namespace: operators spec: overrides: - type: Upgradeable 1 status: "True" reason: "upgradeIsSafe" message: "This is a known issue with the Operator where it always reports that it cannot be upgraded." conditions: - type: Upgradeable status: "False" reason: "migration" message: "The operator is performing a migration." lastTransitionTime: "2020-08-24T23:15:55Z"
- 1
- Allows the cluster administrator to change the upgrade readiness to
True
.
4.7.2. Updating your Operator to use Operator conditions
Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) automatically creates an OperatorCondition
resource for each ClusterServiceVersion
resource that it reconciles. All service accounts in the CSV are granted the RBAC to interact with the OperatorCondition
owned by the Operator.
An Operator author can develop their Operator to use the operator-lib
library such that, after the Operator has been deployed by OLM, it can set its own conditions. For more resources about setting Operator conditions as an Operator author, see the Enabling Operator conditions page.
4.7.2.1. Setting defaults
In an effort to remain backwards compatible, OLM treats the absence of an OperatorCondition
resource as opting out of the condition. Therefore, an Operator that opts in to using Operator conditions should set default conditions before the ready probe for the pod is set to true
. This provides the Operator with a grace period to update the condition to the correct state.
4.7.3. Additional resources
4.8. Allowing non-cluster administrators to install Operators
Cluster administrators can use Operator groups to allow regular users to install Operators.
Additional resources
4.8.1. Understanding Operator installation policy
Operators can require wide privileges to run, and the required privileges can change between versions. Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) runs with cluster-admin
privileges. By default, Operator authors can specify any set of permissions in the cluster service version (CSV), and OLM consequently grants it to the Operator.
To ensure that an Operator cannot achieve cluster-scoped privileges and that users cannot escalate privileges using OLM, Cluster administrators can manually audit Operators before they are added to the cluster. Cluster administrators are also provided tools for determining and constraining which actions are allowed during an Operator installation or upgrade using service accounts.
Cluster administrators can associate an Operator group with a service account that has a set of privileges granted to it. The service account sets policy on Operators to ensure they only run within predetermined boundaries by using role-based access control (RBAC) rules. As a result, the Operator is unable to do anything that is not explicitly permitted by those rules.
By employing Operator groups, users with enough privileges can install Operators with a limited scope. As a result, more of the Operator Framework tools can safely be made available to more users, providing a richer experience for building applications with Operators.
Role-based access control (RBAC) for Subscription
objects is automatically granted to every user with the edit
or admin
role in a namespace. However, RBAC does not exist on OperatorGroup
objects; this absence is what prevents regular users from installing Operators. Preinstalling Operator groups is effectively what gives installation privileges.
Keep the following points in mind when associating an Operator group with a service account:
-
The
APIService
andCustomResourceDefinition
resources are always created by OLM using thecluster-admin
role. A service account associated with an Operator group should never be granted privileges to write these resources. - Any Operator tied to this Operator group is now confined to the permissions granted to the specified service account. If the Operator asks for permissions that are outside the scope of the service account, the install fails with appropriate errors so the cluster administrator can troubleshoot and resolve the issue.
4.8.1.1. Installation scenarios
When determining whether an Operator can be installed or upgraded on a cluster, Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) considers the following scenarios:
- A cluster administrator creates a new Operator group and specifies a service account. All Operator(s) associated with this Operator group are installed and run against the privileges granted to the service account.
- A cluster administrator creates a new Operator group and does not specify any service account. OpenShift Container Platform maintains backward compatibility, so the default behavior remains and Operator installs and upgrades are permitted.
- For existing Operator groups that do not specify a service account, the default behavior remains and Operator installs and upgrades are permitted.
- A cluster administrator updates an existing Operator group and specifies a service account. OLM allows the existing Operator to continue to run with their current privileges. When such an existing Operator is going through an upgrade, it is reinstalled and run against the privileges granted to the service account like any new Operator.
- A service account specified by an Operator group changes by adding or removing permissions, or the existing service account is swapped with a new one. When existing Operators go through an upgrade, it is reinstalled and run against the privileges granted to the updated service account like any new Operator.
- A cluster administrator removes the service account from an Operator group. The default behavior remains and Operator installs and upgrades are permitted.
4.8.1.2. Installation workflow
When an Operator group is tied to a service account and an Operator is installed or upgraded, Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) uses the following workflow:
-
The given
Subscription
object is picked up by OLM. - OLM fetches the Operator group tied to this subscription.
- OLM determines that the Operator group has a service account specified.
- OLM creates a client scoped to the service account and uses the scoped client to install the Operator. This ensures that any permission requested by the Operator is always confined to that of the service account in the Operator group.
- OLM creates a new service account with the set of permissions specified in the CSV and assigns it to the Operator. The Operator runs as the assigned service account.
4.8.2. Scoping Operator installations
To provide scoping rules to Operator installations and upgrades on Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM), associate a service account with an Operator group.
Using this example, a cluster administrator can confine a set of Operators to a designated namespace.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. -
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
).
Procedure
Create a new namespace:
Example 4.5. Example command that creates a
Namespace
object$ cat <<EOF | oc create -f - apiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: name: scoped EOF
Allocate permissions that you want the Operator(s) to be confined to. This involves creating a new service account, relevant role(s), and role binding(s) in the newly created, designated namespace:
Create a service account by running the following command:
Example 4.6. Example command that creates a
ServiceAccount
object$ cat <<EOF | oc create -f - apiVersion: v1 kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: scoped namespace: scoped EOF
Create a secret by running the following command:
Example 4.7. Example command that creates a long-lived API token
Secret
object$ cat <<EOF | oc create -f - apiVersion: v1 kind: Secret type: kubernetes.io/service-account-token 1 metadata: name: scoped namespace: scoped annotations: kubernetes.io/service-account.name: scoped EOF
- 1
- The secret must be a long-lived API token, which is used by the service account.
Create a role by running the following command.
WarningIn this example, the role grants the service account permissions to do anything in the designated namespace for demonostration purposes only. In a production environment, you should create a more fine-grained set of permissions. For more information, see "Fine-grained permissions".
Example 4.8. Example command that creates
Role
andRoleBinding
objects$ cat <<EOF | oc create -f - apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: Role metadata: name: scoped namespace: scoped rules: - apiGroups: ["*"] resources: ["*"] verbs: ["*"] --- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: RoleBinding metadata: name: scoped-bindings namespace: scoped roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: Role name: scoped subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: scoped namespace: scoped EOF
Create an
OperatorGroup
object in the designated namespace by running the following command. This Operator group targets the designated namespace to ensure that its tenancy is confined to it. In addition, Operator groups allow a user to specify a service account.Example 4.9. Example command that creates an
OperatorGroup
object$ cat <<EOF | oc create -f - apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: OperatorGroup metadata: name: scoped namespace: scoped spec: serviceAccountName: scoped 1 targetNamespaces: - scoped EOF
- 1
- Specify the service account created in the previous step. Any Operator installed in the designated namespace is tied to this Operator group and therefore to the service account specified.
Create a
Subscription
object in the designated namespace to install an Operator:Example 4.10. Example command that creates a
Subscription
object$ cat <<EOF | oc create -f - apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: openshift-cert-manager-operator namespace: scoped spec: channel: stable-v1 name: openshift-cert-manager-operator source: <catalog_source_name> 1 sourceNamespace: <catalog_source_namespace> 2 EOF
Any Operator tied to this Operator group is confined to the permissions granted to the specified service account. If the Operator requests permissions that are outside the scope of the service account, the installation fails with relevant errors.
4.8.2.1. Fine-grained permissions
Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) uses the service account specified in an Operator group to create or update the following resources related to the Operator being installed:
-
ClusterServiceVersion
-
Subscription
-
Secret
-
ServiceAccount
-
Service
-
ClusterRole
andClusterRoleBinding
-
Role
andRoleBinding
To confine Operators to a designated namespace, cluster administrators can start by granting the following permissions to the service account:
The following role is a generic example and additional rules might be required based on the specific Operator.
kind: Role rules: - apiGroups: ["operators.coreos.com"] resources: ["subscriptions", "clusterserviceversions"] verbs: ["get", "create", "update", "patch"] - apiGroups: [""] resources: ["services", "serviceaccounts"] verbs: ["get", "create", "update", "patch"] - apiGroups: ["rbac.authorization.k8s.io"] resources: ["roles", "rolebindings"] verbs: ["get", "create", "update", "patch"] - apiGroups: ["apps"] 1 resources: ["deployments"] verbs: ["list", "watch", "get", "create", "update", "patch", "delete"] - apiGroups: [""] 2 resources: ["pods"] verbs: ["list", "watch", "get", "create", "update", "patch", "delete"]
In addition, if any Operator specifies a pull secret, the following permissions must also be added:
kind: ClusterRole 1
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
verbs: ["get"]
---
kind: Role
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
verbs: ["create", "update", "patch"]
- 1
- Required to get the secret from the OLM namespace.
4.8.3. Operator catalog access control
When an Operator catalog is created in the global catalog namespace openshift-marketplace
, the catalog’s Operators are made available cluster-wide to all namespaces. A catalog created in other namespaces only makes its Operators available in that same namespace of the catalog.
On clusters where non-cluster administrator users have been delegated Operator installation privileges, cluster administrators might want to further control or restrict the set of Operators those users are allowed to install. This can be achieved with the following actions:
- Disable all of the default global catalogs.
- Enable custom, curated catalogs in the same namespace where the relevant Operator groups have been preinstalled.
Additional resources
4.8.4. Troubleshooting permission failures
If an Operator installation fails due to lack of permissions, identify the errors using the following procedure.
Procedure
Review the
Subscription
object. Its status has an object referenceinstallPlanRef
that points to theInstallPlan
object that attempted to create the necessary[Cluster]Role[Binding]
object(s) for the Operator:apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: Subscription metadata: name: etcd namespace: scoped status: installPlanRef: apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: InstallPlan name: install-4plp8 namespace: scoped resourceVersion: "117359" uid: 2c1df80e-afea-11e9-bce3-5254009c9c23
Check the status of the
InstallPlan
object for any errors:apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1 kind: InstallPlan status: conditions: - lastTransitionTime: "2019-07-26T21:13:10Z" lastUpdateTime: "2019-07-26T21:13:10Z" message: 'error creating clusterrole etcdoperator.v0.9.4-clusterwide-dsfx4: clusterroles.rbac.authorization.k8s.io is forbidden: User "system:serviceaccount:scoped:scoped" cannot create resource "clusterroles" in API group "rbac.authorization.k8s.io" at the cluster scope' reason: InstallComponentFailed status: "False" type: Installed phase: Failed
The error message tells you:
-
The type of resource it failed to create, including the API group of the resource. In this case, it was
clusterroles
in therbac.authorization.k8s.io
group. - The name of the resource.
-
The type of error:
is forbidden
tells you that the user does not have enough permission to do the operation. - The name of the user who attempted to create or update the resource. In this case, it refers to the service account specified in the Operator group.
The scope of the operation:
cluster scope
or not.The user can add the missing permission to the service account and then iterate.
NoteOperator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) does not currently provide the complete list of errors on the first try.
-
The type of resource it failed to create, including the API group of the resource. In this case, it was
4.9. Managing custom catalogs
Cluster administrators and Operator catalog maintainers can create and manage custom catalogs packaged using the bundle format on Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) in OpenShift Container Platform.
Kubernetes periodically deprecates certain APIs that are removed in subsequent releases. As a result, Operators are unable to use removed APIs starting with the version of OpenShift Container Platform that uses the Kubernetes version that removed the API.
If your cluster is using custom catalogs, see Controlling Operator compatibility with OpenShift Container Platform versions for more details about how Operator authors can update their projects to help avoid workload issues and prevent incompatible upgrades.
Additional resources
4.9.1. Prerequisites
-
You have installed the
opm
CLI.
4.9.2. File-based catalogs
File-based catalogs are the latest iteration of the catalog format in Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM). It is a plain text-based (JSON or YAML) and declarative config evolution of the earlier SQLite database format, and it is fully backwards compatible.
As of OpenShift Container Platform 4.11, the default Red Hat-provided Operator catalog releases in the file-based catalog format. The default Red Hat-provided Operator catalogs for OpenShift Container Platform 4.6 through 4.10 released in the deprecated SQLite database format.
The opm
subcommands, flags, and functionality related to the SQLite database format are also deprecated and will be removed in a future release. The features are still supported and must be used for catalogs that use the deprecated SQLite database format.
Many of the opm
subcommands and flags for working with the SQLite database format, such as opm index prune
, do not work with the file-based catalog format. For more information about working with file-based catalogs, see Operator Framework packaging format and Mirroring images for a disconnected installation using the oc-mirror plugin.
4.9.2.1. Creating a file-based catalog image
You can use the opm
CLI to create a catalog image that uses the plain text file-based catalog format (JSON or YAML), which replaces the deprecated SQLite database format.
Prerequisites
-
You have installed the
opm
CLI. -
You have
podman
version 1.9.3+. - A bundle image is built and pushed to a registry that supports Docker v2-2.
Procedure
Initialize the catalog:
Create a directory for the catalog by running the following command:
$ mkdir <catalog_dir>
Generate a Dockerfile that can build a catalog image by running the
opm generate dockerfile
command:$ opm generate dockerfile <catalog_dir> \ -i registry.redhat.io/openshift4/ose-operator-registry-rhel9:v4.16 1
- 1
- Specify the official Red Hat base image by using the
-i
flag, otherwise the Dockerfile uses the default upstream image.
The Dockerfile must be in the same parent directory as the catalog directory that you created in the previous step:
Example directory structure
. 1 ├── <catalog_dir> 2 └── <catalog_dir>.Dockerfile 3
Populate the catalog with the package definition for your Operator by running the
opm init
command:$ opm init <operator_name> \ 1 --default-channel=preview \ 2 --description=./README.md \ 3 --icon=./operator-icon.svg \ 4 --output yaml \ 5 > <catalog_dir>/index.yaml 6
This command generates an
olm.package
declarative config blob in the specified catalog configuration file.
Add a bundle to the catalog by running the
opm render
command:$ opm render <registry>/<namespace>/<bundle_image_name>:<tag> \ 1 --output=yaml \ >> <catalog_dir>/index.yaml 2
NoteChannels must contain at least one bundle.
Add a channel entry for the bundle. For example, modify the following example to your specifications, and add it to your
<catalog_dir>/index.yaml
file:Example channel entry
--- schema: olm.channel package: <operator_name> name: preview entries: - name: <operator_name>.v0.1.0 1
- 1
- Ensure that you include the period (
.
) after<operator_name>
but before thev
in the version. Otherwise, the entry fails to pass theopm validate
command.
Validate the file-based catalog:
Run the
opm validate
command against the catalog directory:$ opm validate <catalog_dir>
Check that the error code is
0
:$ echo $?
Example output
0
Build the catalog image by running the
podman build
command:$ podman build . \ -f <catalog_dir>.Dockerfile \ -t <registry>/<namespace>/<catalog_image_name>:<tag>
Push the catalog image to a registry:
If required, authenticate with your target registry by running the
podman login
command:$ podman login <registry>
Push the catalog image by running the
podman push
command:$ podman push <registry>/<namespace>/<catalog_image_name>:<tag>
Additional resources
4.9.2.2. Updating or filtering a file-based catalog image
You can use the opm
CLI to update or filter a catalog image that uses the file-based catalog format. By extracting the contents of an existing catalog image, you can modify the catalog as needed, for example:
- Adding packages
- Removing packages
- Updating existing package entries
- Detailing deprecation messages per package, channel, and bundle
You can then rebuild the image as an updated version of the catalog.
Alternatively, if you already have a catalog image on a mirror registry, you can use the oc-mirror CLI plugin to automatically prune any removed images from an updated source version of that catalog image while mirroring it to the target registry.
For more information about the oc-mirror plugin and this use case, see the "Keeping your mirror registry content updated" section, and specifically the "Pruning images" subsection, of "Mirroring images for a disconnected installation using the oc-mirror plugin".
Prerequisites
You have the following on your workstation:
-
The
opm
CLI. -
podman
version 1.9.3+. - A file-based catalog image.
A catalog directory structure recently initialized on your workstation related to this catalog.
If you do not have an initialized catalog directory, create the directory and generate the Dockerfile. For more information, see the "Initialize the catalog" step from the "Creating a file-based catalog image" procedure.
-
The
Procedure
Extract the contents of the catalog image in YAML format to an
index.yaml
file in your catalog directory:$ opm render <registry>/<namespace>/<catalog_image_name>:<tag> \ -o yaml > <catalog_dir>/index.yaml
NoteAlternatively, you can use the
-o json
flag to output in JSON format.Modify the contents of the resulting
index.yaml
file to your specifications:ImportantAfter a bundle has been published in a catalog, assume that one of your users has installed it. Ensure that all previously published bundles in a catalog have an update path to the current or newer channel head to avoid stranding users that have that version installed.
- To add an Operator, follow the steps for creating package, bundle, and channel entries in the "Creating a file-based catalog image" procedure.
To remove an Operator, delete the set of
olm.package
,olm.channel
, andolm.bundle
blobs that relate to the package. The following example shows a set that must be deleted to remove theexample-operator
package from the catalog:Example 4.11. Example removed entries
--- defaultChannel: release-2.7 icon: base64data: <base64_string> mediatype: image/svg+xml name: example-operator schema: olm.package --- entries: - name: example-operator.v2.7.0 skipRange: '>=2.6.0 <2.7.0' - name: example-operator.v2.7.1 replaces: example-operator.v2.7.0 skipRange: '>=2.6.0 <2.7.1' - name: example-operator.v2.7.2 replaces: example-operator.v2.7.1 skipRange: '>=2.6.0 <2.7.2' - name: example-operator.v2.7.3 replaces: example-operator.v2.7.2 skipRange: '>=2.6.0 <2.7.3' - name: example-operator.v2.7.4 replaces: example-operator.v2.7.3 skipRange: '>=2.6.0 <2.7.4' name: release-2.7 package: example-operator schema: olm.channel --- image: example.com/example-inc/example-operator-bundle@sha256:<digest> name: example-operator.v2.7.0 package: example-operator properties: - type: olm.gvk value: group: example-group.example.io kind: MyObject version: v1alpha1 - type: olm.gvk value: group: example-group.example.io kind: MyOtherObject version: v1beta1 - type: olm.package value: packageName: example-operator version: 2.7.0 - type: olm.bundle.object value: data: <base64_string> - type: olm.bundle.object value: data: <base64_string> relatedImages: - image: example.com/example-inc/example-related-image@sha256:<digest> name: example-related-image schema: olm.bundle ---
-
To add or update deprecation messages for an Operator, ensure there is a
deprecations.yaml
file in the same directory as the package’sindex.yaml
file. For information on thedeprecations.yaml
file format, see "olm.deprecations schema".
- Save your changes.
Validate the catalog:
$ opm validate <catalog_dir>
Rebuild the catalog:
$ podman build . \ -f <catalog_dir>.Dockerfile \ -t <registry>/<namespace>/<catalog_image_name>:<tag>
Push the updated catalog image to a registry:
$ podman push <registry>/<namespace>/<catalog_image_name>:<tag>
Verification
-
In the web console, navigate to the OperatorHub configuration resource in the Administration
Cluster Settings Configuration page. Add the catalog source or update the existing catalog source to use the pull spec for your updated catalog image.
For more information, see "Adding a catalog source to a cluster" in the "Additional resources" of this section.
-
After the catalog source is in a READY state, navigate to the Operators
OperatorHub page and check that the changes you made are reflected in the list of Operators.
4.9.3. SQLite-based catalogs
The SQLite database format for Operator catalogs is a deprecated feature. Deprecated functionality is still included in OpenShift Container Platform and continues to be supported; however, it will be removed in a future release of this product and is not recommended for new deployments.
For the most recent list of major functionality that has been deprecated or removed within OpenShift Container Platform, refer to the Deprecated and removed features section of the OpenShift Container Platform release notes.
4.9.3.1. Creating a SQLite-based index image
You can create an index image based on the SQLite database format by using the opm
CLI.
Prerequisites
-
You have installed the
opm
CLI. -
You have
podman
version 1.9.3+. - A bundle image is built and pushed to a registry that supports Docker v2-2.
Procedure
Start a new index:
$ opm index add \ --bundles <registry>/<namespace>/<bundle_image_name>:<tag> \1 --tag <registry>/<namespace>/<index_image_name>:<tag> \2 [--binary-image <registry_base_image>] 3
Push the index image to a registry.
If required, authenticate with your target registry:
$ podman login <registry>
Push the index image:
$ podman push <registry>/<namespace>/<index_image_name>:<tag>
4.9.3.2. Updating a SQLite-based index image
After configuring OperatorHub to use a catalog source that references a custom index image, cluster administrators can keep the available Operators on their cluster up-to-date by adding bundle images to the index image.
You can update an existing index image using the opm index add
command.
Prerequisites
-
You have installed the
opm
CLI. -
You have
podman
version 1.9.3+. - An index image is built and pushed to a registry.
- You have an existing catalog source referencing the index image.
Procedure
Update the existing index by adding bundle images:
$ opm index add \ --bundles <registry>/<namespace>/<new_bundle_image>@sha256:<digest> \1 --from-index <registry>/<namespace>/<existing_index_image>:<existing_tag> \2 --tag <registry>/<namespace>/<existing_index_image>:<updated_tag> \3 --pull-tool podman 4
- 1
- The
--bundles
flag specifies a comma-separated list of additional bundle images to add to the index. - 2
- The
--from-index
flag specifies the previously pushed index. - 3
- The
--tag
flag specifies the image tag to apply to the updated index image. - 4
- The
--pull-tool
flag specifies the tool used to pull container images.
where:
<registry>
-
Specifies the hostname of the registry, such as
quay.io
ormirror.example.com
. <namespace>
-
Specifies the namespace of the registry, such as
ocs-dev
orabc
. <new_bundle_image>
-
Specifies the new bundle image to add to the registry, such as
ocs-operator
. <digest>
-
Specifies the SHA image ID, or digest, of the bundle image, such as
c7f11097a628f092d8bad148406aa0e0951094a03445fd4bc0775431ef683a41
. <existing_index_image>
-
Specifies the previously pushed image, such as
abc-redhat-operator-index
. <existing_tag>
-
Specifies a previously pushed image tag, such as
4.16
. <updated_tag>
-
Specifies the image tag to apply to the updated index image, such as
4.16.1
.
Example command
$ opm index add \ --bundles quay.io/ocs-dev/ocs-operator@sha256:c7f11097a628f092d8bad148406aa0e0951094a03445fd4bc0775431ef683a41 \ --from-index mirror.example.com/abc/abc-redhat-operator-index:4.16 \ --tag mirror.example.com/abc/abc-redhat-operator-index:4.16.1 \ --pull-tool podman
Push the updated index image:
$ podman push <registry>/<namespace>/<existing_index_image>:<updated_tag>
After Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) automatically polls the index image referenced in the catalog source at its regular interval, verify that the new packages are successfully added:
$ oc get packagemanifests -n openshift-marketplace
4.9.3.3. Filtering a SQLite-based index image
An index image, based on the Operator bundle format, is a containerized snapshot of an Operator catalog. You can filter, or prune, an index of all but a specified list of packages, which creates a copy of the source index containing only the Operators that you want.
Prerequisites
-
You have
podman
version 1.9.3+. -
You have
grpcurl
(third-party command-line tool). -
You have installed the
opm
CLI. - You have access to a registry that supports Docker v2-2.
Procedure
Authenticate with your target registry:
$ podman login <target_registry>
Determine the list of packages you want to include in your pruned index.
Run the source index image that you want to prune in a container. For example:
$ podman run -p50051:50051 \ -it registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.16
Example output
Trying to pull registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.16... Getting image source signatures Copying blob ae8a0c23f5b1 done ... INFO[0000] serving registry database=/database/index.db port=50051
In a separate terminal session, use the
grpcurl
command to get a list of the packages provided by the index:$ grpcurl -plaintext localhost:50051 api.Registry/ListPackages > packages.out
Inspect the
packages.out
file and identify which package names from this list you want to keep in your pruned index. For example:Example snippets of packages list
... { "name": "advanced-cluster-management" } ... { "name": "jaeger-product" } ... { { "name": "quay-operator" } ...
-
In the terminal session where you executed the
podman run
command, press Ctrl and C to stop the container process.
Run the following command to prune the source index of all but the specified packages:
$ opm index prune \ -f registry.redhat.io/redhat/redhat-operator-index:v4.16 \1 -p advanced-cluster-management,jaeger-product,quay-operator \2 [-i registry.redhat.io/openshift4/ose-operator-registry:v4.9] \3 -t <target_registry>:<port>/<namespace>/redhat-operator-index:v4.16 4
Run the following command to push the new index image to your target registry:
$ podman push <target_registry>:<port>/<namespace>/redhat-operator-index:v4.16
where
<namespace>
is any existing namespace on the registry.
4.9.4. Catalog sources and pod security admission
Pod security admission was introduced in OpenShift Container Platform 4.11 to ensure pod security standards. Catalog sources built using the SQLite-based catalog format and a version of the opm
CLI tool released before OpenShift Container Platform 4.11 cannot run under restricted pod security enforcement.
In OpenShift Container Platform 4.16, namespaces do not have restricted pod security enforcement by default and the default catalog source security mode is set to legacy
.
Default restricted enforcement for all namespaces is planned for inclusion in a future OpenShift Container Platform release. When restricted enforcement occurs, the security context of the pod specification for catalog source pods must match the restricted pod security standard. If your catalog source image requires a different pod security standard, the pod security admissions label for the namespace must be explicitly set.
If you do not want to run your SQLite-based catalog source pods as restricted, you do not need to update your catalog source in OpenShift Container Platform 4.16.
However, it is recommended that you take action now to ensure your catalog sources run under restricted pod security enforcement. If you do not take action to ensure your catalog sources run under restricted pod security enforcement, your catalog sources might not run in future OpenShift Container Platform releases.
As a catalog author, you can enable compatibility with restricted pod security enforcement by completing either of the following actions:
- Migrate your catalog to the file-based catalog format.
-
Update your catalog image with a version of the
opm
CLI tool released with OpenShift Container Platform 4.11 or later.
The SQLite database catalog format is deprecated, but still supported by Red Hat. In a future release, the SQLite database format will not be supported, and catalogs will need to migrate to the file-based catalog format. As of OpenShift Container Platform 4.11, the default Red Hat-provided Operator catalog is released in the file-based catalog format. File-based catalogs are compatible with restricted pod security enforcement.
If you do not want to update your SQLite database catalog image or migrate your catalog to the file-based catalog format, you can configure your catalog to run with elevated permissions.
Additional resources
4.9.4.1. Migrating SQLite database catalogs to the file-based catalog format
You can update your deprecated SQLite database format catalogs to the file-based catalog format.
Prerequisites
- You have a SQLite database catalog source.
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. -
You have the latest version of the
opm
CLI tool released with OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 on your workstation.
Procedure
Migrate your SQLite database catalog to a file-based catalog by running the following command:
$ opm migrate <registry_image> <fbc_directory>
Generate a Dockerfile for your file-based catalog by running the following command:
$ opm generate dockerfile <fbc_directory> \ --binary-image \ registry.redhat.io/openshift4/ose-operator-registry:v4.16
Next steps
- The generated Dockerfile can be built, tagged, and pushed to your registry.
Additional resources
4.9.4.2. Rebuilding SQLite database catalog images
You can rebuild your SQLite database catalog image with the latest version of the opm
CLI tool that is released with your version of OpenShift Container Platform.
Prerequisites
- You have a SQLite database catalog source.
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. -
You have the latest version of the
opm
CLI tool released with OpenShift Container Platform 4.16 on your workstation.
Procedure
Run the following command to rebuild your catalog with a more recent version of the
opm
CLI tool:$ opm index add --binary-image \ registry.redhat.io/openshift4/ose-operator-registry:v4.16 \ --from-index <your_registry_image> \ --bundles "" -t \<your_registry_image>
4.9.4.3. Configuring catalogs to run with elevated permissions
If you do not want to update your SQLite database catalog image or migrate your catalog to the file-based catalog format, you can perform the following actions to ensure your catalog source runs when the default pod security enforcement changes to restricted:
- Manually set the catalog security mode to legacy in your catalog source definition. This action ensures your catalog runs with legacy permissions even if the default catalog security mode changes to restricted.
- Label the catalog source namespace for baseline or privileged pod security enforcement.
The SQLite database catalog format is deprecated, but still supported by Red Hat. In a future release, the SQLite database format will not be supported, and catalogs will need to migrate to the file-based catalog format. File-based catalogs are compatible with restricted pod security enforcement.
Prerequisites
- You have a SQLite database catalog source.
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. -
You have a target namespace that supports running pods with the elevated pod security admission standard of
baseline
orprivileged
.
Procedure
Edit the
CatalogSource
definition by setting thespec.grpcPodConfig.securityContextConfig
label tolegacy
, as shown in the following example:Example
CatalogSource
definitionapiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: CatalogSource metadata: name: my-catsrc namespace: my-ns spec: sourceType: grpc grpcPodConfig: securityContextConfig: legacy image: my-image:latest
TipIn OpenShift Container Platform 4.16, the
spec.grpcPodConfig.securityContextConfig
field is set tolegacy
by default. In a future release of OpenShift Container Platform, it is planned that the default setting will change torestricted
. If your catalog cannot run under restricted enforcement, it is recommended that you manually set this field tolegacy
.Edit your
<namespace>.yaml
file to add elevated pod security admission standards to your catalog source namespace, as shown in the following example:Example
<namespace>.yaml
fileapiVersion: v1 kind: Namespace metadata: ... labels: security.openshift.io/scc.podSecurityLabelSync: "false" 1 openshift.io/cluster-monitoring: "true" pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce: baseline 2 name: "<namespace_name>"
- 1
- Turn off pod security label synchronization by adding the
security.openshift.io/scc.podSecurityLabelSync=false
label to the namespace. - 2
- Apply the pod security admission
pod-security.kubernetes.io/enforce
label. Set the label tobaseline
orprivileged
. Use thebaseline
pod security profile unless other workloads in the namespace require aprivileged
profile.
4.9.5. Adding a catalog source to a cluster
Adding a catalog source to an OpenShift Container Platform cluster enables the discovery and installation of Operators for users. Cluster administrators can create a CatalogSource
object that references an index image. OperatorHub uses catalog sources to populate the user interface.
Alternatively, you can use the web console to manage catalog sources. From the Administration
Prerequisites
- You built and pushed an index image to a registry.
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role.
Procedure
Create a
CatalogSource
object that references your index image.Modify the following to your specifications and save it as a
catalogSource.yaml
file:apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: CatalogSource metadata: name: my-operator-catalog namespace: openshift-marketplace 1 annotations: olm.catalogImageTemplate: 2 "<registry>/<namespace>/<index_image_name>:v{kube_major_version}.{kube_minor_version}.{kube_patch_version}" spec: sourceType: grpc grpcPodConfig: securityContextConfig: <security_mode> 3 image: <registry>/<namespace>/<index_image_name>:<tag> 4 displayName: My Operator Catalog publisher: <publisher_name> 5 updateStrategy: registryPoll: 6 interval: 30m
- 1
- If you want the catalog source to be available globally to users in all namespaces, specify the
openshift-marketplace
namespace. Otherwise, you can specify a different namespace for the catalog to be scoped and available only for that namespace. - 2
- Optional: Set the
olm.catalogImageTemplate
annotation to your index image name and use one or more of the Kubernetes cluster version variables as shown when constructing the template for the image tag. - 3
- Specify the value of
legacy
orrestricted
. If the field is not set, the default value islegacy
. In a future OpenShift Container Platform release, it is planned that the default value will berestricted
. If your catalog cannot run withrestricted
permissions, it is recommended that you manually set this field tolegacy
. - 4
- Specify your index image. If you specify a tag after the image name, for example
:v4.16
, the catalog source pod uses an image pull policy ofAlways
, meaning the pod always pulls the image prior to starting the container. If you specify a digest, for example@sha256:<id>
, the image pull policy isIfNotPresent
, meaning the pod pulls the image only if it does not already exist on the node. - 5
- Specify your name or an organization name publishing the catalog.
- 6
- Catalog sources can automatically check for new versions to keep up to date.
Use the file to create the
CatalogSource
object:$ oc apply -f catalogSource.yaml
Verify the following resources are created successfully.
Check the pods:
$ oc get pods -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE my-operator-catalog-6njx6 1/1 Running 0 28s marketplace-operator-d9f549946-96sgr 1/1 Running 0 26h
Check the catalog source:
$ oc get catalogsource -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME DISPLAY TYPE PUBLISHER AGE my-operator-catalog My Operator Catalog grpc 5s
Check the package manifest:
$ oc get packagemanifest -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME CATALOG AGE jaeger-product My Operator Catalog 93s
You can now install the Operators from the OperatorHub page on your OpenShift Container Platform web console.
4.9.6. Accessing images for Operators from private registries
If certain images relevant to Operators managed by Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) are hosted in an authenticated container image registry, also known as a private registry, OLM and OperatorHub are unable to pull the images by default. To enable access, you can create a pull secret that contains the authentication credentials for the registry. By referencing one or more pull secrets in a catalog source, OLM can handle placing the secrets in the Operator and catalog namespace to allow installation.
Other images required by an Operator or its Operands might require access to private registries as well. OLM does not handle placing the secrets in target tenant namespaces for this scenario, but authentication credentials can be added to the global cluster pull secret or individual namespace service accounts to enable the required access.
The following types of images should be considered when determining whether Operators managed by OLM have appropriate pull access:
- Index images
-
A
CatalogSource
object can reference an index image, which use the Operator bundle format and are catalog sources packaged as container images hosted in images registries. If an index image is hosted in a private registry, a secret can be used to enable pull access. - Bundle images
- Operator bundle images are metadata and manifests packaged as container images that represent a unique version of an Operator. If any bundle images referenced in a catalog source are hosted in one or more private registries, a secret can be used to enable pull access.
- Operator and Operand images
If an Operator installed from a catalog source uses a private image, either for the Operator image itself or one of the Operand images it watches, the Operator will fail to install because the deployment will not have access to the required registry authentication. Referencing secrets in a catalog source does not enable OLM to place the secrets in target tenant namespaces in which Operands are installed.
Instead, the authentication details can be added to the global cluster pull secret in the
openshift-config
namespace, which provides access to all namespaces on the cluster. Alternatively, if providing access to the entire cluster is not permissible, the pull secret can be added to thedefault
service accounts of the target tenant namespaces.
Prerequisites
You have at least one of the following hosted in a private registry:
- An index image or catalog image.
- An Operator bundle image.
- An Operator or Operand image.
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role.
Procedure
Create a secret for each required private registry.
Log in to the private registry to create or update your registry credentials file:
$ podman login <registry>:<port>
NoteThe file path of your registry credentials can be different depending on the container tool used to log in to the registry. For the
podman
CLI, the default location is${XDG_RUNTIME_DIR}/containers/auth.json
. For thedocker
CLI, the default location is/root/.docker/config.json
.It is recommended to include credentials for only one registry per secret, and manage credentials for multiple registries in separate secrets. Multiple secrets can be included in a
CatalogSource
object in later steps, and OpenShift Container Platform will merge the secrets into a single virtual credentials file for use during an image pull.A registry credentials file can, by default, store details for more than one registry or for multiple repositories in one registry. Verify the current contents of your file. For example:
File storing credentials for multiple registries
{ "auths": { "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "FrNHNydQXdzclNqdg==" }, "quay.io": { "auth": "fegdsRib21iMQ==" }, "https://quay.io/my-namespace/my-user/my-image": { "auth": "eWfjwsDdfsa221==" }, "https://quay.io/my-namespace/my-user": { "auth": "feFweDdscw34rR==" }, "https://quay.io/my-namespace": { "auth": "frwEews4fescyq==" } } }
Because this file is used to create secrets in later steps, ensure that you are storing details for only one registry per file. This can be accomplished by using either of the following methods:
-
Use the
podman logout <registry>
command to remove credentials for additional registries until only the one registry you want remains. Edit your registry credentials file and separate the registry details to be stored in multiple files. For example:
File storing credentials for one registry
{ "auths": { "registry.redhat.io": { "auth": "FrNHNydQXdzclNqdg==" } } }
File storing credentials for another registry
{ "auths": { "quay.io": { "auth": "Xd2lhdsbnRib21iMQ==" } } }
-
Use the
Create a secret in the
openshift-marketplace
namespace that contains the authentication credentials for a private registry:$ oc create secret generic <secret_name> \ -n openshift-marketplace \ --from-file=.dockerconfigjson=<path/to/registry/credentials> \ --type=kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson
Repeat this step to create additional secrets for any other required private registries, updating the
--from-file
flag to specify another registry credentials file path.
Create or update an existing
CatalogSource
object to reference one or more secrets:apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: CatalogSource metadata: name: my-operator-catalog namespace: openshift-marketplace spec: sourceType: grpc secrets: 1 - "<secret_name_1>" - "<secret_name_2>" grpcPodConfig: securityContextConfig: <security_mode> 2 image: <registry>:<port>/<namespace>/<image>:<tag> displayName: My Operator Catalog publisher: <publisher_name> updateStrategy: registryPoll: interval: 30m
- 1
- Add a
spec.secrets
section and specify any required secrets. - 2
- Specify the value of
legacy
orrestricted
. If the field is not set, the default value islegacy
. In a future OpenShift Container Platform release, it is planned that the default value will berestricted
. If your catalog cannot run withrestricted
permissions, it is recommended that you manually set this field tolegacy
.
If any Operator or Operand images that are referenced by a subscribed Operator require access to a private registry, you can either provide access to all namespaces in the cluster, or individual target tenant namespaces.
To provide access to all namespaces in the cluster, add authentication details to the global cluster pull secret in the
openshift-config
namespace.WarningCluster resources must adjust to the new global pull secret, which can temporarily limit the usability of the cluster.
Extract the
.dockerconfigjson
file from the global pull secret:$ oc extract secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config --confirm
Update the
.dockerconfigjson
file with your authentication credentials for the required private registry or registries and save it as a new file:$ cat .dockerconfigjson | \ jq --compact-output '.auths["<registry>:<port>/<namespace>/"] |= . + {"auth":"<token>"}' \1 > new_dockerconfigjson
- 1
- Replace
<registry>:<port>/<namespace>
with the private registry details and<token>
with your authentication credentials.
Update the global pull secret with the new file:
$ oc set data secret/pull-secret -n openshift-config \ --from-file=.dockerconfigjson=new_dockerconfigjson
To update an individual namespace, add a pull secret to the service account for the Operator that requires access in the target tenant namespace.
Recreate the secret that you created for the
openshift-marketplace
in the tenant namespace:$ oc create secret generic <secret_name> \ -n <tenant_namespace> \ --from-file=.dockerconfigjson=<path/to/registry/credentials> \ --type=kubernetes.io/dockerconfigjson
Verify the name of the service account for the Operator by searching the tenant namespace:
$ oc get sa -n <tenant_namespace> 1
- 1
- If the Operator was installed in an individual namespace, search that namespace. If the Operator was installed for all namespaces, search the
openshift-operators
namespace.
Example output
NAME SECRETS AGE builder 2 6m1s default 2 6m1s deployer 2 6m1s etcd-operator 2 5m18s 1
- 1
- Service account for an installed etcd Operator.
Link the secret to the service account for the Operator:
$ oc secrets link <operator_sa> \ -n <tenant_namespace> \ <secret_name> \ --for=pull
Additional resources
- See What is a secret? for more information on the types of secrets, including those used for registry credentials.
- See Updating the global cluster pull secret for more details on the impact of changing this secret.
- See Allowing pods to reference images from other secured registries for more details on linking pull secrets to service accounts per namespace.
4.9.7. Disabling the default OperatorHub catalog sources
Operator catalogs that source content provided by Red Hat and community projects are configured for OperatorHub by default during an OpenShift Container Platform installation. As a cluster administrator, you can disable the set of default catalogs.
Procedure
Disable the sources for the default catalogs by adding
disableAllDefaultSources: true
to theOperatorHub
object:$ oc patch OperatorHub cluster --type json \ -p '[{"op": "add", "path": "/spec/disableAllDefaultSources", "value": true}]'
Alternatively, you can use the web console to manage catalog sources. From the Administration
4.9.8. Removing custom catalogs
As a cluster administrator, you can remove custom Operator catalogs that have been previously added to your cluster by deleting the related catalog source.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role.
Procedure
-
In the Administrator perspective of the web console, navigate to Administration
Cluster Settings. - Click the Configuration tab, and then click OperatorHub.
- Click the Sources tab.
- Select the Options menu for the catalog that you want to remove, and then click Delete CatalogSource.
4.10. Using Operator Lifecycle Manager on restricted networks
For OpenShift Container Platform clusters that are installed on restricted networks, also known as disconnected clusters, Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) by default cannot access the Red Hat-provided OperatorHub sources hosted on remote registries because those remote sources require full internet connectivity.
However, as a cluster administrator you can still enable your cluster to use OLM in a restricted network if you have a workstation that has full internet access. The workstation, which requires full internet access to pull the remote OperatorHub content, is used to prepare local mirrors of the remote sources, and push the content to a mirror registry.
The mirror registry can be located on a bastion host, which requires connectivity to both your workstation and the disconnected cluster, or a completely disconnected, or airgapped, host, which requires removable media to physically move the mirrored content to the disconnected environment.
This guide describes the following process that is required to enable OLM in restricted networks:
- Disable the default remote OperatorHub sources for OLM.
- Use a workstation with full internet access to create and push local mirrors of the OperatorHub content to a mirror registry.
- Configure OLM to install and manage Operators from local sources on the mirror registry instead of the default remote sources.
After enabling OLM in a restricted network, you can continue to use your unrestricted workstation to keep your local OperatorHub sources updated as newer versions of Operators are released.
While OLM can manage Operators from local sources, the ability for a given Operator to run successfully in a restricted network still depends on the Operator itself meeting the following criteria:
-
List any related images, or other container images that the Operator might require to perform their functions, in the
relatedImages
parameter of itsClusterServiceVersion
(CSV) object. - Reference all specified images by a digest (SHA) and not by a tag.
You can search software on the Red Hat Ecosystem Catalog for a list of Red Hat Operators that support running in disconnected mode by filtering with the following selections:
Type | Containerized application |
Deployment method | Operator |
Infrastructure features | Disconnected |
Additional resources
4.10.1. Prerequisites
-
Log in to your OpenShift Container Platform cluster as a user with
cluster-admin
privileges.
If you are using OLM in a restricted network on IBM Z®, you must have at least 12 GB allocated to the directory where you place your registry.
4.10.2. Disabling the default OperatorHub catalog sources
Operator catalogs that source content provided by Red Hat and community projects are configured for OperatorHub by default during an OpenShift Container Platform installation. In a restricted network environment, you must disable the default catalogs as a cluster administrator. You can then configure OperatorHub to use local catalog sources.
Procedure
Disable the sources for the default catalogs by adding
disableAllDefaultSources: true
to theOperatorHub
object:$ oc patch OperatorHub cluster --type json \ -p '[{"op": "add", "path": "/spec/disableAllDefaultSources", "value": true}]'
Alternatively, you can use the web console to manage catalog sources. From the Administration
4.10.3. Mirroring an Operator catalog
For instructions about mirroring Operator catalogs for use with disconnected clusters, see Installing
As of OpenShift Container Platform 4.11, the default Red Hat-provided Operator catalog releases in the file-based catalog format. The default Red Hat-provided Operator catalogs for OpenShift Container Platform 4.6 through 4.10 released in the deprecated SQLite database format.
The opm
subcommands, flags, and functionality related to the SQLite database format are also deprecated and will be removed in a future release. The features are still supported and must be used for catalogs that use the deprecated SQLite database format.
Many of the opm
subcommands and flags for working with the SQLite database format, such as opm index prune
, do not work with the file-based catalog format. For more information about working with file-based catalogs, see Operator Framework packaging format, Managing custom catalogs, and Mirroring images for a disconnected installation using the oc-mirror plugin.
4.10.4. Adding a catalog source to a cluster
Adding a catalog source to an OpenShift Container Platform cluster enables the discovery and installation of Operators for users. Cluster administrators can create a CatalogSource
object that references an index image. OperatorHub uses catalog sources to populate the user interface.
Alternatively, you can use the web console to manage catalog sources. From the Administration
Prerequisites
- You built and pushed an index image to a registry.
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role.
Procedure
Create a
CatalogSource
object that references your index image. If you used theoc adm catalog mirror
command to mirror your catalog to a target registry, you can use the generatedcatalogSource.yaml
file in your manifests directory as a starting point.Modify the following to your specifications and save it as a
catalogSource.yaml
file:apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: CatalogSource metadata: name: my-operator-catalog 1 namespace: openshift-marketplace 2 spec: sourceType: grpc grpcPodConfig: securityContextConfig: <security_mode> 3 image: <registry>/<namespace>/redhat-operator-index:v4.16 4 displayName: My Operator Catalog publisher: <publisher_name> 5 updateStrategy: registryPoll: 6 interval: 30m
- 1
- If you mirrored content to local files before uploading to a registry, remove any backslash (
/
) characters from themetadata.name
field to avoid an "invalid resource name" error when you create the object. - 2
- If you want the catalog source to be available globally to users in all namespaces, specify the
openshift-marketplace
namespace. Otherwise, you can specify a different namespace for the catalog to be scoped and available only for that namespace. - 3
- Specify the value of
legacy
orrestricted
. If the field is not set, the default value islegacy
. In a future OpenShift Container Platform release, it is planned that the default value will berestricted
. If your catalog cannot run withrestricted
permissions, it is recommended that you manually set this field tolegacy
. - 4
- Specify your index image. If you specify a tag after the image name, for example
:v4.16
, the catalog source pod uses an image pull policy ofAlways
, meaning the pod always pulls the image prior to starting the container. If you specify a digest, for example@sha256:<id>
, the image pull policy isIfNotPresent
, meaning the pod pulls the image only if it does not already exist on the node. - 5
- Specify your name or an organization name publishing the catalog.
- 6
- Catalog sources can automatically check for new versions to keep up to date.
Use the file to create the
CatalogSource
object:$ oc apply -f catalogSource.yaml
Verify the following resources are created successfully.
Check the pods:
$ oc get pods -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE my-operator-catalog-6njx6 1/1 Running 0 28s marketplace-operator-d9f549946-96sgr 1/1 Running 0 26h
Check the catalog source:
$ oc get catalogsource -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME DISPLAY TYPE PUBLISHER AGE my-operator-catalog My Operator Catalog grpc 5s
Check the package manifest:
$ oc get packagemanifest -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME CATALOG AGE jaeger-product My Operator Catalog 93s
You can now install the Operators from the OperatorHub page on your OpenShift Container Platform web console.
4.10.5. Next steps
4.11. Catalog source pod scheduling
When an Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) catalog source of source type grpc
defines a spec.image
, the Catalog Operator creates a pod that serves the defined image content. By default, this pod defines the following in its specification:
-
Only the
kubernetes.io/os=linux
node selector. -
The default priority class name:
system-cluster-critical
. - No tolerations.
As an administrator, you can override these values by modifying fields in the CatalogSource
object’s optional spec.grpcPodConfig
section.
The Marketplace Operator, openshift-marketplace
, manages the default OperatorHub
custom resource’s (CR). This CR manages CatalogSource
objects. If you attempt to modify fields in the CatalogSource
object’s spec.grpcPodConfig
section, the Marketplace Operator automatically reverts these modifications.By default, if you modify fields in the spec.grpcPodConfig
section of the CatalogSource
object, the Marketplace Operator automatically reverts these changes.
To apply persistent changes to CatalogSource
object, you must first disable a default CatalogSource
object.
Additional resources
4.11.1. Disabling default CatalogSource objects at a local level
You can apply persistent changes to a CatalogSource
object, such as catalog source pods, at a local level, by disabling a default CatalogSource
object. Consider the default configuration in situations where the default CatalogSource
object’s configuration does not meet your organization’s needs. By default, if you modify fields in the spec.grpcPodConfig
section of the CatalogSource
object, the Marketplace Operator automatically reverts these changes.
The Marketplace Operator, openshift-marketplace
, manages the default custom resources (CRs) of the OperatorHub
. The OperatorHub
manages CatalogSource
objects.
To apply persistent changes to CatalogSource
object, you must first disable a default CatalogSource
object.
Procedure
To disable all the default
CatalogSource
objects at a local level, enter the following command:$ oc patch operatorhub cluster -p '{"spec": {"disableAllDefaultSources": true}}' --type=merge
NoteYou can also configure the default
OperatorHub
CR to either disable allCatalogSource
objects or disable a specific object.
Additional resources
4.11.2. Overriding the node selector for catalog source pods
Prerequisites
-
A
CatalogSource
object of source typegrpc
withspec.image
is defined.
Procedure
Edit the
CatalogSource
object and add or modify thespec.grpcPodConfig
section to include the following:grpcPodConfig: nodeSelector: custom_label: <label>
where
<label>
is the label for the node selector that you want catalog source pods to use for scheduling.
Additional resources
4.11.3. Overriding the priority class name for catalog source pods
Prerequisites
-
A
CatalogSource
object of source typegrpc
withspec.image
is defined.
Procedure
Edit the
CatalogSource
object and add or modify thespec.grpcPodConfig
section to include the following:grpcPodConfig: priorityClassName: <priority_class>
where
<priority_class>
is one of the following:-
One of the default priority classes provided by Kubernetes:
system-cluster-critical
orsystem-node-critical
-
An empty set (
""
) to assign the default priority - A pre-existing and custom defined priority class
-
One of the default priority classes provided by Kubernetes:
Previously, the only pod scheduling parameter that could be overriden was priorityClassName
. This was done by adding the operatorframework.io/priorityclass
annotation to the CatalogSource
object. For example:
apiVersion: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 kind: CatalogSource metadata: name: example-catalog namespace: openshift-marketplace annotations: operatorframework.io/priorityclass: system-cluster-critical
If a CatalogSource
object defines both the annotation and spec.grpcPodConfig.priorityClassName
, the annotation takes precedence over the configuration parameter.
Additional resources
4.11.4. Overriding tolerations for catalog source pods
Prerequisites
-
A
CatalogSource
object of source typegrpc
withspec.image
is defined.
Procedure
Edit the
CatalogSource
object and add or modify thespec.grpcPodConfig
section to include the following:grpcPodConfig: tolerations: - key: "<key_name>" operator: "<operator_type>" value: "<value>" effect: "<effect>"
Additional resources
4.12. Troubleshooting Operator issues
If you experience Operator issues, verify Operator subscription status. Check Operator pod health across the cluster and gather Operator logs for diagnosis.
4.12.1. Operator subscription condition types
Subscriptions can report the following condition types:
Condition | Description |
---|---|
| Some or all of the catalog sources to be used in resolution are unhealthy. |
| An install plan for a subscription is missing. |
| An install plan for a subscription is pending installation. |
| An install plan for a subscription has failed. |
| The dependency resolution for a subscription has failed. |
Default OpenShift Container Platform cluster Operators are managed by the Cluster Version Operator (CVO) and they do not have a Subscription
object. Application Operators are managed by Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) and they have a Subscription
object.
Additional resources
4.12.2. Viewing Operator subscription status by using the CLI
You can view Operator subscription status by using the CLI.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. -
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
).
Procedure
List Operator subscriptions:
$ oc get subs -n <operator_namespace>
Use the
oc describe
command to inspect aSubscription
resource:$ oc describe sub <subscription_name> -n <operator_namespace>
In the command output, find the
Conditions
section for the status of Operator subscription condition types. In the following example, theCatalogSourcesUnhealthy
condition type has a status offalse
because all available catalog sources are healthy:Example output
Name: cluster-logging Namespace: openshift-logging Labels: operators.coreos.com/cluster-logging.openshift-logging= Annotations: <none> API Version: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 Kind: Subscription # ... Conditions: Last Transition Time: 2019-07-29T13:42:57Z Message: all available catalogsources are healthy Reason: AllCatalogSourcesHealthy Status: False Type: CatalogSourcesUnhealthy # ...
Default OpenShift Container Platform cluster Operators are managed by the Cluster Version Operator (CVO) and they do not have a Subscription
object. Application Operators are managed by Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM) and they have a Subscription
object.
4.12.3. Viewing Operator catalog source status by using the CLI
You can view the status of an Operator catalog source by using the CLI.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. -
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
).
Procedure
List the catalog sources in a namespace. For example, you can check the
openshift-marketplace
namespace, which is used for cluster-wide catalog sources:$ oc get catalogsources -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME DISPLAY TYPE PUBLISHER AGE certified-operators Certified Operators grpc Red Hat 55m community-operators Community Operators grpc Red Hat 55m example-catalog Example Catalog grpc Example Org 2m25s redhat-marketplace Red Hat Marketplace grpc Red Hat 55m redhat-operators Red Hat Operators grpc Red Hat 55m
Use the
oc describe
command to get more details and status about a catalog source:$ oc describe catalogsource example-catalog -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
Name: example-catalog Namespace: openshift-marketplace Labels: <none> Annotations: operatorframework.io/managed-by: marketplace-operator target.workload.openshift.io/management: {"effect": "PreferredDuringScheduling"} API Version: operators.coreos.com/v1alpha1 Kind: CatalogSource # ... Status: Connection State: Address: example-catalog.openshift-marketplace.svc:50051 Last Connect: 2021-09-09T17:07:35Z Last Observed State: TRANSIENT_FAILURE Registry Service: Created At: 2021-09-09T17:05:45Z Port: 50051 Protocol: grpc Service Name: example-catalog Service Namespace: openshift-marketplace # ...
In the preceding example output, the last observed state is
TRANSIENT_FAILURE
. This state indicates that there is a problem establishing a connection for the catalog source.List the pods in the namespace where your catalog source was created:
$ oc get pods -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE certified-operators-cv9nn 1/1 Running 0 36m community-operators-6v8lp 1/1 Running 0 36m marketplace-operator-86bfc75f9b-jkgbc 1/1 Running 0 42m example-catalog-bwt8z 0/1 ImagePullBackOff 0 3m55s redhat-marketplace-57p8c 1/1 Running 0 36m redhat-operators-smxx8 1/1 Running 0 36m
When a catalog source is created in a namespace, a pod for the catalog source is created in that namespace. In the preceding example output, the status for the
example-catalog-bwt8z
pod isImagePullBackOff
. This status indicates that there is an issue pulling the catalog source’s index image.Use the
oc describe
command to inspect a pod for more detailed information:$ oc describe pod example-catalog-bwt8z -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
Name: example-catalog-bwt8z Namespace: openshift-marketplace Priority: 0 Node: ci-ln-jyryyg2-f76d1-ggdbq-worker-b-vsxjd/10.0.128.2 ... Events: Type Reason Age From Message ---- ------ ---- ---- ------- Normal Scheduled 48s default-scheduler Successfully assigned openshift-marketplace/example-catalog-bwt8z to ci-ln-jyryyf2-f76d1-fgdbq-worker-b-vsxjd Normal AddedInterface 47s multus Add eth0 [10.131.0.40/23] from openshift-sdn Normal BackOff 20s (x2 over 46s) kubelet Back-off pulling image "quay.io/example-org/example-catalog:v1" Warning Failed 20s (x2 over 46s) kubelet Error: ImagePullBackOff Normal Pulling 8s (x3 over 47s) kubelet Pulling image "quay.io/example-org/example-catalog:v1" Warning Failed 8s (x3 over 47s) kubelet Failed to pull image "quay.io/example-org/example-catalog:v1": rpc error: code = Unknown desc = reading manifest v1 in quay.io/example-org/example-catalog: unauthorized: access to the requested resource is not authorized Warning Failed 8s (x3 over 47s) kubelet Error: ErrImagePull
In the preceding example output, the error messages indicate that the catalog source’s index image is failing to pull successfully because of an authorization issue. For example, the index image might be stored in a registry that requires login credentials.
Additional resources
4.12.4. Querying Operator pod status
You can list Operator pods within a cluster and their status. You can also collect a detailed Operator pod summary.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. - Your API service is still functional.
-
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
).
Procedure
List Operators running in the cluster. The output includes Operator version, availability, and up-time information:
$ oc get clusteroperators
List Operator pods running in the Operator’s namespace, plus pod status, restarts, and age:
$ oc get pod -n <operator_namespace>
Output a detailed Operator pod summary:
$ oc describe pod <operator_pod_name> -n <operator_namespace>
If an Operator issue is node-specific, query Operator container status on that node.
Start a debug pod for the node:
$ oc debug node/my-node
Set
/host
as the root directory within the debug shell. The debug pod mounts the host’s root file system in/host
within the pod. By changing the root directory to/host
, you can run binaries contained in the host’s executable paths:# chroot /host
NoteOpenShift Container Platform 4.16 cluster nodes running Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) are immutable and rely on Operators to apply cluster changes. Accessing cluster nodes by using SSH is not recommended. However, if the OpenShift Container Platform API is not available, or the kubelet is not properly functioning on the target node,
oc
operations will be impacted. In such situations, it is possible to access nodes usingssh core@<node>.<cluster_name>.<base_domain>
instead.List details about the node’s containers, including state and associated pod IDs:
# crictl ps
List information about a specific Operator container on the node. The following example lists information about the
network-operator
container:# crictl ps --name network-operator
- Exit from the debug shell.
4.12.5. Gathering Operator logs
If you experience Operator issues, you can gather detailed diagnostic information from Operator pod logs.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. - Your API service is still functional.
-
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
). - You have the fully qualified domain names of the control plane or control plane machines.
Procedure
List the Operator pods that are running in the Operator’s namespace, plus the pod status, restarts, and age:
$ oc get pods -n <operator_namespace>
Review logs for an Operator pod:
$ oc logs pod/<pod_name> -n <operator_namespace>
If an Operator pod has multiple containers, the preceding command will produce an error that includes the name of each container. Query logs from an individual container:
$ oc logs pod/<operator_pod_name> -c <container_name> -n <operator_namespace>
If the API is not functional, review Operator pod and container logs on each control plane node by using SSH instead. Replace
<master-node>.<cluster_name>.<base_domain>
with appropriate values.List pods on each control plane node:
$ ssh core@<master-node>.<cluster_name>.<base_domain> sudo crictl pods
For any Operator pods not showing a
Ready
status, inspect the pod’s status in detail. Replace<operator_pod_id>
with the Operator pod’s ID listed in the output of the preceding command:$ ssh core@<master-node>.<cluster_name>.<base_domain> sudo crictl inspectp <operator_pod_id>
List containers related to an Operator pod:
$ ssh core@<master-node>.<cluster_name>.<base_domain> sudo crictl ps --pod=<operator_pod_id>
For any Operator container not showing a
Ready
status, inspect the container’s status in detail. Replace<container_id>
with a container ID listed in the output of the preceding command:$ ssh core@<master-node>.<cluster_name>.<base_domain> sudo crictl inspect <container_id>
Review the logs for any Operator containers not showing a
Ready
status. Replace<container_id>
with a container ID listed in the output of the preceding command:$ ssh core@<master-node>.<cluster_name>.<base_domain> sudo crictl logs -f <container_id>
NoteOpenShift Container Platform 4.16 cluster nodes running Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) are immutable and rely on Operators to apply cluster changes. Accessing cluster nodes by using SSH is not recommended. Before attempting to collect diagnostic data over SSH, review whether the data collected by running
oc adm must gather
and otheroc
commands is sufficient instead. However, if the OpenShift Container Platform API is not available, or the kubelet is not properly functioning on the target node,oc
operations will be impacted. In such situations, it is possible to access nodes usingssh core@<node>.<cluster_name>.<base_domain>
.
4.12.6. Disabling the Machine Config Operator from automatically rebooting
When configuration changes are made by the Machine Config Operator (MCO), Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) must reboot for the changes to take effect. Whether the configuration change is automatic or manual, an RHCOS node reboots automatically unless it is paused.
The following modifications do not trigger a node reboot:
When the MCO detects any of the following changes, it applies the update without draining or rebooting the node:
-
Changes to the SSH key in the
spec.config.passwd.users.sshAuthorizedKeys
parameter of a machine config. -
Changes to the global pull secret or pull secret in the
openshift-config
namespace. -
Automatic rotation of the
/etc/kubernetes/kubelet-ca.crt
certificate authority (CA) by the Kubernetes API Server Operator.
-
Changes to the SSH key in the
When the MCO detects changes to the
/etc/containers/registries.conf
file, such as adding or editing anImageDigestMirrorSet
,ImageTagMirrorSet
, orImageContentSourcePolicy
object, it drains the corresponding nodes, applies the changes, and uncordons the nodes. The node drain does not happen for the following changes:-
The addition of a registry with the
pull-from-mirror = "digest-only"
parameter set for each mirror. -
The addition of a mirror with the
pull-from-mirror = "digest-only"
parameter set in a registry. -
The addition of items to the
unqualified-search-registries
list.
-
The addition of a registry with the
To avoid unwanted disruptions, you can modify the machine config pool (MCP) to prevent automatic rebooting after the Operator makes changes to the machine config.
4.12.6.1. Disabling the Machine Config Operator from automatically rebooting by using the console
To avoid unwanted disruptions from changes made by the Machine Config Operator (MCO), you can use the OpenShift Container Platform web console to modify the machine config pool (MCP) to prevent the MCO from making any changes to nodes in that pool. This prevents any reboots that would normally be part of the MCO update process.
See second NOTE
in Disabling the Machine Config Operator from automatically rebooting.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role.
Procedure
To pause or unpause automatic MCO update rebooting:
Pause the autoreboot process:
-
Log in to the OpenShift Container Platform web console as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. -
Click Compute
MachineConfigPools. - On the MachineConfigPools page, click either master or worker, depending upon which nodes you want to pause rebooting for.
- On the master or worker page, click YAML.
In the YAML, update the
spec.paused
field totrue
.Sample MachineConfigPool object
apiVersion: machineconfiguration.openshift.io/v1 kind: MachineConfigPool # ... spec: # ... paused: true 1 # ...
- 1
- Update the
spec.paused
field totrue
to pause rebooting.
To verify that the MCP is paused, return to the MachineConfigPools page.
On the MachineConfigPools page, the Paused column reports True for the MCP you modified.
If the MCP has pending changes while paused, the Updated column is False and Updating is False. When Updated is True and Updating is False, there are no pending changes.
ImportantIf there are pending changes (where both the Updated and Updating columns are False), it is recommended to schedule a maintenance window for a reboot as early as possible. Use the following steps for unpausing the autoreboot process to apply the changes that were queued since the last reboot.
-
Log in to the OpenShift Container Platform web console as a user with the
Unpause the autoreboot process:
-
Log in to the OpenShift Container Platform web console as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. -
Click Compute
MachineConfigPools. - On the MachineConfigPools page, click either master or worker, depending upon which nodes you want to pause rebooting for.
- On the master or worker page, click YAML.
In the YAML, update the
spec.paused
field tofalse
.Sample MachineConfigPool object
apiVersion: machineconfiguration.openshift.io/v1 kind: MachineConfigPool # ... spec: # ... paused: false 1 # ...
- 1
- Update the
spec.paused
field tofalse
to allow rebooting.
NoteBy unpausing an MCP, the MCO applies all paused changes reboots Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) as needed.
To verify that the MCP is paused, return to the MachineConfigPools page.
On the MachineConfigPools page, the Paused column reports False for the MCP you modified.
If the MCP is applying any pending changes, the Updated column is False and the Updating column is True. When Updated is True and Updating is False, there are no further changes being made.
-
Log in to the OpenShift Container Platform web console as a user with the
4.12.6.2. Disabling the Machine Config Operator from automatically rebooting by using the CLI
To avoid unwanted disruptions from changes made by the Machine Config Operator (MCO), you can modify the machine config pool (MCP) using the OpenShift CLI (oc) to prevent the MCO from making any changes to nodes in that pool. This prevents any reboots that would normally be part of the MCO update process.
See second NOTE
in Disabling the Machine Config Operator from automatically rebooting.
Prerequisites
-
You have access to the cluster as a user with the
cluster-admin
role. -
You have installed the OpenShift CLI (
oc
).
Procedure
To pause or unpause automatic MCO update rebooting:
Pause the autoreboot process:
Update the
MachineConfigPool
custom resource to set thespec.paused
field totrue
.Control plane (master) nodes
$ oc patch --type=merge --patch='{"spec":{"paused":true}}' machineconfigpool/master
Worker nodes
$ oc patch --type=merge --patch='{"spec":{"paused":true}}' machineconfigpool/worker
Verify that the MCP is paused:
Control plane (master) nodes
$ oc get machineconfigpool/master --template='{{.spec.paused}}'
Worker nodes
$ oc get machineconfigpool/worker --template='{{.spec.paused}}'
Example output
true
The
spec.paused
field istrue
and the MCP is paused.Determine if the MCP has pending changes:
# oc get machineconfigpool
Example output
NAME CONFIG UPDATED UPDATING master rendered-master-33cf0a1254318755d7b48002c597bf91 True False worker rendered-worker-e405a5bdb0db1295acea08bcca33fa60 False False
If the UPDATED column is False and UPDATING is False, there are pending changes. When UPDATED is True and UPDATING is False, there are no pending changes. In the previous example, the worker node has pending changes. The control plane node does not have any pending changes.
ImportantIf there are pending changes (where both the Updated and Updating columns are False), it is recommended to schedule a maintenance window for a reboot as early as possible. Use the following steps for unpausing the autoreboot process to apply the changes that were queued since the last reboot.
Unpause the autoreboot process:
Update the
MachineConfigPool
custom resource to set thespec.paused
field tofalse
.Control plane (master) nodes
$ oc patch --type=merge --patch='{"spec":{"paused":false}}' machineconfigpool/master
Worker nodes
$ oc patch --type=merge --patch='{"spec":{"paused":false}}' machineconfigpool/worker
NoteBy unpausing an MCP, the MCO applies all paused changes and reboots Red Hat Enterprise Linux CoreOS (RHCOS) as needed.
Verify that the MCP is unpaused:
Control plane (master) nodes
$ oc get machineconfigpool/master --template='{{.spec.paused}}'
Worker nodes
$ oc get machineconfigpool/worker --template='{{.spec.paused}}'
Example output
false
The
spec.paused
field isfalse
and the MCP is unpaused.Determine if the MCP has pending changes:
$ oc get machineconfigpool
Example output
NAME CONFIG UPDATED UPDATING master rendered-master-546383f80705bd5aeaba93 True False worker rendered-worker-b4c51bb33ccaae6fc4a6a5 False True
If the MCP is applying any pending changes, the UPDATED column is False and the UPDATING column is True. When UPDATED is True and UPDATING is False, there are no further changes being made. In the previous example, the MCO is updating the worker node.
4.12.7. Refreshing failing subscriptions
In Operator Lifecycle Manager (OLM), if you subscribe to an Operator that references images that are not accessible on your network, you can find jobs in the openshift-marketplace
namespace that are failing with the following errors:
Example output
ImagePullBackOff for Back-off pulling image "example.com/openshift4/ose-elasticsearch-operator-bundle@sha256:6d2587129c846ec28d384540322b40b05833e7e00b25cca584e004af9a1d292e"
Example output
rpc error: code = Unknown desc = error pinging docker registry example.com: Get "https://example.com/v2/": dial tcp: lookup example.com on 10.0.0.1:53: no such host
As a result, the subscription is stuck in this failing state and the Operator is unable to install or upgrade.
You can refresh a failing subscription by deleting the subscription, cluster service version (CSV), and other related objects. After recreating the subscription, OLM then reinstalls the correct version of the Operator.
Prerequisites
- You have a failing subscription that is unable to pull an inaccessible bundle image.
- You have confirmed that the correct bundle image is accessible.
Procedure
Get the names of the
Subscription
andClusterServiceVersion
objects from the namespace where the Operator is installed:$ oc get sub,csv -n <namespace>
Example output
NAME PACKAGE SOURCE CHANNEL subscription.operators.coreos.com/elasticsearch-operator elasticsearch-operator redhat-operators 5.0 NAME DISPLAY VERSION REPLACES PHASE clusterserviceversion.operators.coreos.com/elasticsearch-operator.5.0.0-65 OpenShift Elasticsearch Operator 5.0.0-65 Succeeded
Delete the subscription:
$ oc delete subscription <subscription_name> -n <namespace>
Delete the cluster service version:
$ oc delete csv <csv_name> -n <namespace>
Get the names of any failing jobs and related config maps in the
openshift-marketplace
namespace:$ oc get job,configmap -n openshift-marketplace
Example output
NAME COMPLETIONS DURATION AGE job.batch/1de9443b6324e629ddf31fed0a853a121275806170e34c926d69e53a7fcbccb 1/1 26s 9m30s NAME DATA AGE configmap/1de9443b6324e629ddf31fed0a853a121275806170e34c926d69e53a7fcbccb 3 9m30s
Delete the job:
$ oc delete job <job_name> -n openshift-marketplace
This ensures pods that try to pull the inaccessible image are not recreated.
Delete the config map:
$ oc delete configmap <configmap_name> -n openshift-marketplace
- Reinstall the Operator using OperatorHub in the web console.
Verification
Check that the Operator has been reinstalled successfully:
$ oc get sub,csv,installplan -n <namespace>
4.12.8. Reinstalling Operators after failed uninstallation
You must successfully and completely uninstall an Operator prior to attempting to reinstall the same Operator. Failure to fully uninstall the Operator properly can leave resources, such as a project or namespace, stuck in a "Terminating" state and cause "error resolving resource" messages. For example:
Example Project
resource description
... message: 'Failed to delete all resource types, 1 remaining: Internal error occurred: error resolving resource' ...
These types of issues can prevent an Operator from being reinstalled successfully.
Forced deletion of a namespace is not likely to resolve "Terminating" state issues and can lead to unstable or unpredictable cluster behavior, so it is better to try to find related resources that might be preventing the namespace from being deleted. For more information, see the Red Hat Knowledgebase Solution #4165791, paying careful attention to the cautions and warnings.
The following procedure shows how to troubleshoot when an Operator cannot be reinstalled because an existing custom resource definition (CRD) from a previous installation of the Operator is preventing a related namespace from deleting successfully.
Procedure
Check if there are any namespaces related to the Operator that are stuck in "Terminating" state:
$ oc get namespaces
Example output
operator-ns-1 Terminating
Check if there are any CRDs related to the Operator that are still present after the failed uninstallation:
$ oc get crds
NoteCRDs are global cluster definitions; the actual custom resource (CR) instances related to the CRDs could be in other namespaces or be global cluster instances.
If there are any CRDs that you know were provided or managed by the Operator and that should have been deleted after uninstallation, delete the CRD:
$ oc delete crd <crd_name>
Check if there are any remaining CR instances related to the Operator that are still present after uninstallation, and if so, delete the CRs:
The type of CRs to search for can be difficult to determine after uninstallation and can require knowing what CRDs the Operator manages. For example, if you are troubleshooting an uninstallation of the etcd Operator, which provides the
EtcdCluster
CRD, you can search for remainingEtcdCluster
CRs in a namespace:$ oc get EtcdCluster -n <namespace_name>
Alternatively, you can search across all namespaces:
$ oc get EtcdCluster --all-namespaces
If there are any remaining CRs that should be removed, delete the instances:
$ oc delete <cr_name> <cr_instance_name> -n <namespace_name>
Check that the namespace deletion has successfully resolved:
$ oc get namespace <namespace_name>
ImportantIf the namespace or other Operator resources are still not uninstalled cleanly, contact Red Hat Support.
- Reinstall the Operator using OperatorHub in the web console.
Verification
Check that the Operator has been reinstalled successfully:
$ oc get sub,csv,installplan -n <namespace>
Additional resources