2.2. odo architecture
This section describes odo architecture and how odo manages resources on a cluster.
2.2.1. Developer setup
With odo you can create and deploy application on OpenShift Container Platform clusters from a terminal. Code editor plug-ins use odo which allows users to interact with OpenShift Container Platform clusters from their IDE terminals. Examples of plug-ins that use odo: VS Code OpenShift Connector, OpenShift Connector for Intellij, Codewind for Eclipse Che.
odo works on Windows, macOS, and Linux operating systems and from any terminal. odo provides autocompletion for bash and zsh command line shells.
odo supports Node.js and Java components.
2.2.2. OpenShift source-to-image
OpenShift Source-to-Image (S2I) is an open-source project which helps in building artifacts from source code and injecting these into container images. S2I produces ready-to-run images by building source code without the need of a Dockerfile. odo uses S2I builder image for executing developer source code inside a container.
2.2.3. OpenShift cluster objects
2.2.3.1. Init Containers
Init containers are specialized containers that run before the application container starts and configure the necessary environment for the application containers to run. Init containers can have files that application images do not have, for example setup scripts. Init containers always run to completion and the application container does not start if any of the init containers fails.
The pod created by odo executes two Init Containers:
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The
copy-supervisordInit container. -
The
copy-files-to-volumeInit container.
2.2.3.1.1. copy-supervisord
The copy-supervisord Init container copies necessary files onto an emptyDir volume. The main application container utilizes these files from the emptyDir volume.
Files that are copied onto the emptyDir volume:
Binaries:
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go-initis a minimal init system. It runs as the first process (PID 1) inside the application container. go-init starts theSupervisorDdaemon which runs the developer code. go-init is required to handle orphaned processes. -
SupervisorDis a process control system. It watches over configured processes and ensures that they are running. It also restarts services when necessary. For odo,SupervisorDexecutes and monitors the developer code.
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Configuration files:
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supervisor.confis the configuration file necessary for the SupervisorD daemon to start.
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Scripts:
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assemble-and-restartis an OpenShift S2I concept to build and deploy user-source code. The assemble-and-restart script first assembles the user source code inside the application container and then restarts SupervisorD for user changes to take effect. -
Runis an OpenShift S2I concept of executing the assembled source code. Therunscript executes the assembled code created by theassemble-and-restartscript. -
s2i-setupis a script that creates files and directories which are necessary for theassemble-and-restartand run scripts to execute successfully. The script is executed whenever the application container starts.
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Directories:
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language-scripts: OpenShift S2I allows customassembleandrunscripts. A few language specific custom scripts are present in thelanguage-scriptsdirectory. The custom scripts provide additional configuration to make odo debug work.
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The emptyDir volume is mounted at the /opt/odo mount point for both the Init container and the application container.
2.2.3.1.2. copy-files-to-volume
The copy-files-to-volume Init container copies files that are in /opt/app-root in the S2I builder image onto the persistent volume. The volume is then mounted at the same location (/opt/app-root) in an application container.
Without the persistent volume on /opt/app-root the data in this directory is lost when the persistent volume claim is mounted at the same location.
The PVC is mounted at the /mnt mount point inside the Init container.
2.2.3.2. Application container
Application container is the main container inside of which the user-source code executes.
Application container is mounted with two volumes:
-
emptyDirvolume mounted at/opt/odo -
The persistent volume mounted at
/opt/app-root
go-init is executed as the first process inside the application container. The go-init process then starts the SupervisorD daemon.
SupervisorD executes and monitors the user assembled source code. If the user process crashes, SupervisorD restarts it.
2.2.3.3. Persistent volumes and persistent volume claims
A persistent volume claim (PVC) is a volume type in Kubernetes which provisions a persistent volume. The life of a persistent volume is independent of a pod lifecycle. The data on the persistent volume persists across pod restarts.
The copy-files-to-volume Init container copies necessary files onto the persistent volume. The main application container utilizes these files at runtime for execution.
The naming convention of the persistent volume is <component_name>-s2idata.
| Container | PVC mounted at |
|---|---|
|
|
|
| Application container |
|
2.2.3.4. emptyDir volume
An emptyDir volume is created when a pod is assigned to a node, and exists as long as that pod is running on the node. If the container is restarted or moved, the content of the emptyDir is removed, Init container restores the data back to the emptyDir. emptyDir is initially empty.
The copy-supervisord Init container copies necessary files onto the emptyDir volume. These files are then utilized by the main application container at runtime for execution.
| Container | emptyDir volume mounted at |
|---|---|
|
|
|
| Application container |
|
2.2.3.5. Service
A service is a Kubernetes concept of abstracting the way of communicating with a set of pods.
odo creates a service for every application pod to make it accessible for communication.
2.2.4. odo push workflow
This section describes odo push workflow. odo push deploys user code on an OpenShift Container Platform cluster with all the necessary OpenShift Container Platform resources.
Creating resources
If not already created,
odopush creates the following OpenShift Container Platform resources:DeploymentConfigobject:-
Two init containers are executed:
copy-supervisordandcopy-files-to-volume. The init containers copy files onto theemptyDirand thePersistentVolumetype of volumes respectively. -
The application container starts. The first process in the application container is the
go-initprocess with PID=1. go-initprocess starts the SupervisorD daemon.注意The user application code has not been copied into the application container yet, so the
SupervisorDdaemon does not execute therunscript.
-
Two init containers are executed:
-
Serviceobject -
Secretobjects -
PersistentVolumeClaimobject
Indexing files
- A file indexer indexes the files in the source code directory. The indexer traverses through the source code directories recursively and finds files which have been created, deleted, or renamed.
-
A file indexer maintains the indexed information in an odo index file inside the
.ododirectory. - If the odo index file is not present, it means that the file indexer is being executed for the first time, and creates a new odo index JSON file. The odo index JSON file contains a file map - the relative file paths of the traversed files and the absolute paths of the changed and deleted files.
Pushing code
Local code is copied into the application container, usually under
/tmp/src.Executing
assemble-and-restartOn a successful copy of the source code, the
assemble-and-restartscript is executed inside the running application container.
