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Chapter 2. Configuring an Azure account
Before you can install OpenShift Container Platform, you must configure a Microsoft Azure account.
All Azure resources that are available through public endpoints are subject to resource name restrictions, and you cannot create resources that use certain terms. For a list of terms that Azure restricts, see Resolve reserved resource name errors in the Azure documentation.
2.1. Azure account limits
The OpenShift Container Platform cluster uses a number of Microsoft Azure components, and the default Azure subscription and service limits, quotas, and constraints affect your ability to install OpenShift Container Platform clusters.
Default limits vary by offer category types, such as Free Trial and Pay-As-You-Go, and by series, such as Dv2, F, and G. For example, the default for Enterprise Agreement subscriptions is 350 cores.
Check the limits for your subscription type and if necessary, increase quota limits for your account before you install a default cluster on Azure.
The following table summarizes the Azure components whose limits can impact your ability to install and run OpenShift Container Platform clusters.
Component | Number of components required by default | Default Azure limit | Description | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
vCPU | 44 | 20 per region | A default cluster requires 44 vCPUs, so you must increase the account limit. By default, each cluster creates the following instances:
Because the bootstrap and control plane machines use To deploy more worker nodes, enable autoscaling, deploy large workloads, or use a different instance type, you must further increase the vCPU limit for your account to ensure that your cluster can deploy the machines that you require. | ||||||
OS Disk | 7 | Each cluster machine must have a minimum of 100 GB of storage and 300 IOPS. While these are the minimum supported values, faster storage is recommended for production clusters and clusters with intensive workloads. For more information about optimizing storage for performance, see the page titled "Optimizing storage" in the "Scalability and performance" section. | |||||||
VNet | 1 | 1000 per region | Each default cluster requires one Virtual Network (VNet), which contains two subnets. | ||||||
Network interfaces | 7 | 65,536 per region | Each default cluster requires seven network interfaces. If you create more machines or your deployed workloads create load balancers, your cluster uses more network interfaces. | ||||||
Network security groups | 2 | 5000 | Each cluster creates network security groups for each subnet in the VNet. The default cluster creates network security groups for the control plane and for the compute node subnets:
| ||||||
Network load balancers | 3 | 1000 per region | Each cluster creates the following load balancers:
If your applications create more Kubernetes | ||||||
Public IP addresses | 3 | Each of the two public load balancers uses a public IP address. The bootstrap machine also uses a public IP address so that you can SSH into the machine to troubleshoot issues during installation. The IP address for the bootstrap node is used only during installation. | |||||||
Private IP addresses | 7 | The internal load balancer, each of the three control plane machines, and each of the three worker machines each use a private IP address. | |||||||
Spot VM vCPUs (optional) | 0 If you configure spot VMs, your cluster must have two spot VM vCPUs for every compute node. | 20 per region | This is an optional component. To use spot VMs, you must increase the Azure default limit to at least twice the number of compute nodes in your cluster. Note Using spot VMs for control plane nodes is not recommended. |
Additional resources
2.2. Configuring a public DNS zone in Azure
To install OpenShift Container Platform, the Microsoft Azure account you use must have a dedicated public hosted DNS zone in your account. This zone must be authoritative for the domain. This service provides cluster DNS resolution and name lookup for external connections to the cluster.
Procedure
Identify your domain, or subdomain, and registrar. You can transfer an existing domain and registrar or obtain a new one through Azure or another source.
NoteFor more information about purchasing domains through Azure, see Buy a custom domain name for Azure App Service in the Azure documentation.
- If you are using an existing domain and registrar, migrate its DNS to Azure. See Migrate an active DNS name to Azure App Service in the Azure documentation.
Configure DNS for your domain. Follow the steps in the Tutorial: Host your domain in Azure DNS in the Azure documentation to create a public hosted zone for your domain or subdomain, extract the new authoritative name servers, and update the registrar records for the name servers that your domain uses.
Use an appropriate root domain, such as
openshiftcorp.com
, or subdomain, such asclusters.openshiftcorp.com
.- If you use a subdomain, follow your company’s procedures to add its delegation records to the parent domain.
2.3. Increasing Azure account limits
To increase an account limit, file a support request on the Azure portal.
You can increase only one type of quota per support request.
Procedure
- From the Azure portal, click Help + support in the lower left corner.
Click New support request and then select the required values:
- From the Issue type list, select Service and subscription limits (quotas).
- From the Subscription list, select the subscription to modify.
- From the Quota type list, select the quota to increase. For example, select Compute-VM (cores-vCPUs) subscription limit increases to increase the number of vCPUs, which is required to install a cluster.
- Click Next: Solutions.
On the Problem Details page, provide the required information for your quota increase:
- Click Provide details and provide the required details in the Quota details window.
- In the SUPPORT METHOD and CONTACT INFO sections, provide the issue severity and your contact details.
- Click Next: Review + create and then click Create.
2.4. Required Azure roles
OpenShift Container Platform needs a service principal so it can manage Microsoft Azure resources. Before you can create a service principal, review the following information:
Your Azure account subscription must have the following roles:
-
User Access Administrator
-
Contributor
Your Azure Active Directory (AD) must have the following permission:
-
"microsoft.directory/servicePrincipals/createAsOwner"
To set roles on the Azure portal, see the Manage access to Azure resources using RBAC and the Azure portal in the Azure documentation.
2.5. Required Azure permissions for installer-provisioned infrastructure
When you assign Contributor
and User Access Administrator
roles to the service principal, you automatically grant all the required permissions.
If your organization’s security policies require a more restrictive set of permissions, you can create a custom role with the necessary permissions. The following permissions are required for creating an OpenShift Container Platform cluster on Microsoft Azure.
Example 2.1. Required permissions for creating authorization resources
-
Microsoft.Authorization/policies/audit/action
-
Microsoft.Authorization/policies/auditIfNotExists/action
-
Microsoft.Authorization/roleAssignments/read
-
Microsoft.Authorization/roleAssignments/write
Example 2.2. Required permissions for creating compute resources
-
Microsoft.Compute/availabilitySets/read
-
Microsoft.Compute/availabilitySets/write
-
Microsoft.Compute/disks/beginGetAccess/action
-
Microsoft.Compute/disks/delete
-
Microsoft.Compute/disks/read
-
Microsoft.Compute/disks/write
-
Microsoft.Compute/galleries/images/read
-
Microsoft.Compute/galleries/images/versions/read
-
Microsoft.Compute/galleries/images/versions/write
-
Microsoft.Compute/galleries/images/write
-
Microsoft.Compute/galleries/read
-
Microsoft.Compute/galleries/write
-
Microsoft.Compute/snapshots/read
-
Microsoft.Compute/snapshots/write
-
Microsoft.Compute/snapshots/delete
-
Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/delete
-
Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/powerOff/action
-
Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/read
-
Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/write
Example 2.3. Required permissions for creating identity management resources
-
Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/assign/action
-
Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/read
-
Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/write
Example 2.4. Required permissions for creating network resources
-
Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/A/write
-
Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/CNAME/write
-
Microsoft.Network/dnszones/CNAME/read
-
Microsoft.Network/dnszones/read
-
Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/backendAddressPools/join/action
-
Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/backendAddressPools/read
-
Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/backendAddressPools/write
-
Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/read
-
Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/write
-
Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces/join/action
-
Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces/read
-
Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces/write
-
Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/join/action
-
Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/read
-
Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/securityRules/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/securityRules/read
-
Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/securityRules/write
-
Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/write
-
Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/A/read
-
Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/A/write
-
Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/A/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/SOA/read
-
Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/read
-
Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/virtualNetworkLinks/read
-
Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/virtualNetworkLinks/write
-
Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/write
-
Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/join/action
-
Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/read
-
Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/write
-
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/join/action
-
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/read
-
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets/join/action
-
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets/read
-
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/subnets/write
-
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/write
The following permissions are not required to create the private OpenShift Container Platform cluster on Azure.
-
Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/A/write
-
Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/CNAME/write
-
Microsoft.Network/dnszones/CNAME/read
-
Microsoft.Network/dnszones/read
Example 2.5. Required permissions for checking the health of resources
-
Microsoft.Resourcehealth/healthevent/Activated/action
-
Microsoft.Resourcehealth/healthevent/InProgress/action
-
Microsoft.Resourcehealth/healthevent/Pending/action
-
Microsoft.Resourcehealth/healthevent/Resolved/action
-
Microsoft.Resourcehealth/healthevent/Updated/action
Example 2.6. Required permissions for creating a resource group
-
Microsoft.Resources/subscriptions/resourceGroups/read
-
Microsoft.Resources/subscriptions/resourcegroups/write
Example 2.7. Required permissions for creating resource tags
-
Microsoft.Resources/tags/write
Example 2.8. Required permissions for creating storage resources
-
Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/blobServices/read
-
Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/blobServices/containers/write
-
Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/fileServices/read
-
Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/fileServices/shares/read
-
Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/fileServices/shares/write
-
Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/fileServices/shares/delete
-
Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/listKeys/action
-
Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/read
-
Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/write
Example 2.9. Optional permissions for creating marketplace virtual machine resources
-
Microsoft.MarketplaceOrdering/offertypes/publishers/offers/plans/agreements/read
-
Microsoft.MarketplaceOrdering/offertypes/publishers/offers/plans/agreements/write
Example 2.10. Optional permissions for creating compute resources
-
Microsoft.Compute/availabilitySets/delete
-
Microsoft.Compute/images/read
-
Microsoft.Compute/images/write
-
Microsoft.Compute/images/delete
Example 2.11. Optional permissions for enabling user-managed encryption
-
Microsoft.Compute/diskEncryptionSets/read
-
Microsoft.Compute/diskEncryptionSets/write
-
Microsoft.Compute/diskEncryptionSets/delete
-
Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/read
-
Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/write
-
Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/delete
-
Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/deploy/action
-
Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/keys/read
-
Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults/keys/write
-
Microsoft.Features/providers/features/register/action
Example 2.12. Optional permissions for installing a private cluster with Azure Network Address Translation (NAT)
-
Microsoft.Network/natGateways/join/action
-
Microsoft.Network/natGateways/read
-
Microsoft.Network/natGateways/write
Example 2.13. Optional permissions for installing a private cluster with Azure firewall
-
Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls/applicationRuleCollections/write
-
Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls/read
-
Microsoft.Network/azureFirewalls/write
-
Microsoft.Network/routeTables/join/action
-
Microsoft.Network/routeTables/read
-
Microsoft.Network/routeTables/routes/read
-
Microsoft.Network/routeTables/routes/write
-
Microsoft.Network/routeTables/write
-
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/peer/action
-
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/virtualNetworkPeerings/read
-
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/virtualNetworkPeerings/write
Example 2.14. Optional permission for running gather bootstrap
-
Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/instanceView/read
The following permissions are required for deleting an OpenShift Container Platform cluster on Microsoft Azure. You can use the same permissions to delete a private OpenShift Container Platform cluster on Azure.
Example 2.15. Required permissions for deleting authorization resources
-
Microsoft.Authorization/roleAssignments/delete
Example 2.16. Required permissions for deleting compute resources
-
Microsoft.Compute/disks/delete
-
Microsoft.Compute/galleries/delete
-
Microsoft.Compute/galleries/images/delete
-
Microsoft.Compute/galleries/images/versions/delete
-
Microsoft.Compute/virtualMachines/delete
Example 2.17. Required permissions for deleting identity management resources
-
Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities/delete
Example 2.18. Required permissions for deleting network resources
-
Microsoft.Network/dnszones/read
-
Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/A/read
-
Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/A/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/CNAME/read
-
Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/CNAME/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/loadBalancers/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/networkInterfaces/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/networkSecurityGroups/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/read
-
Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/A/read
-
Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/privateDnsZones/virtualNetworkLinks/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/publicIPAddresses/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/virtualNetworks/delete
The following permissions are not required to delete a private OpenShift Container Platform cluster on Azure.
-
Microsoft.Network/dnszones/read
-
Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/A/read
-
Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/A/delete
-
Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/CNAME/read
-
Microsoft.Network/dnsZones/CNAME/delete
Example 2.19. Required permissions for checking the health of resources
-
Microsoft.Resourcehealth/healthevent/Activated/action
-
Microsoft.Resourcehealth/healthevent/Resolved/action
-
Microsoft.Resourcehealth/healthevent/Updated/action
Example 2.20. Required permissions for deleting a resource group
-
Microsoft.Resources/subscriptions/resourcegroups/delete
Example 2.21. Required permissions for deleting storage resources
-
Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/delete
-
Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts/listKeys/action
To install OpenShift Container Platform on Azure, you must scope the permissions to your subscription. Later, you can re-scope these permissions to the installer created resource group. If the public DNS zone is present in a different resource group, then the network DNS zone related permissions must always be applied to your subscription. By default, the OpenShift Container Platform installation program assigns the Azure identity the Contributor
role.
You can scope all the permissions to your subscription when deleting an OpenShift Container Platform cluster.
2.6. Creating a service principal
Because OpenShift Container Platform and its installation program create Microsoft Azure resources by using the Azure Resource Manager, you must create a service principal to represent it.
Prerequisites
- Install or update the Azure CLI.
- Your Azure account has the required roles for the subscription that you use.
- If you want to use a custom role, you have created a custom role with the required permissions listed in the Required Azure permissions for installer-provisioned infrastructure section.
Procedure
Log in to the Azure CLI:
$ az login
If your Azure account uses subscriptions, ensure that you are using the right subscription:
View the list of available accounts and record the
tenantId
value for the subscription you want to use for your cluster:$ az account list --refresh
Example output
[ { "cloudName": "AzureCloud", "id": "9bab1460-96d5-40b3-a78e-17b15e978a80", "isDefault": true, "name": "Subscription Name", "state": "Enabled", "tenantId": "6057c7e9-b3ae-489d-a54e-de3f6bf6a8ee", "user": { "name": "you@example.com", "type": "user" } } ]
View your active account details and confirm that the
tenantId
value matches the subscription you want to use:$ az account show
Example output
{ "environmentName": "AzureCloud", "id": "9bab1460-96d5-40b3-a78e-17b15e978a80", "isDefault": true, "name": "Subscription Name", "state": "Enabled", "tenantId": "6057c7e9-b3ae-489d-a54e-de3f6bf6a8ee", 1 "user": { "name": "you@example.com", "type": "user" } }
- 1
- Ensure that the value of the
tenantId
parameter is the correct subscription ID.
If you are not using the right subscription, change the active subscription:
$ az account set -s <subscription_id> 1
- 1
- Specify the subscription ID.
Verify the subscription ID update:
$ az account show
Example output
{ "environmentName": "AzureCloud", "id": "33212d16-bdf6-45cb-b038-f6565b61edda", "isDefault": true, "name": "Subscription Name", "state": "Enabled", "tenantId": "8049c7e9-c3de-762d-a54e-dc3f6be6a7ee", "user": { "name": "you@example.com", "type": "user" } }
-
Record the
tenantId
andid
parameter values from the output. You need these values during the OpenShift Container Platform installation. Create the service principal for your account:
$ az ad sp create-for-rbac --role <role_name> \1 --name <service_principal> \2 --scopes /subscriptions/<subscription_id> 3
Example output
Creating 'Contributor' role assignment under scope '/subscriptions/<subscription_id>' The output includes credentials that you must protect. Be sure that you do not include these credentials in your code or check the credentials into your source control. For more information, see https://aka.ms/azadsp-cli { "appId": "ac461d78-bf4b-4387-ad16-7e32e328aec6", "displayName": <service_principal>", "password": "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000", "tenantId": "8049c7e9-c3de-762d-a54e-dc3f6be6a7ee" }
-
Record the values of the
appId
andpassword
parameters from the previous output. You need these values during OpenShift Container Platform installation. If you applied the
Contributor
role to your service principal, assign theUser Administrator Access
role by running the following command:$ az role assignment create --role "User Access Administrator" \ --assignee-object-id $(az ad sp show --id <appId> --query id -o tsv) 1
- 1
- Specify the
appId
parameter value for your service principal.
Additional resources
- For more information about CCO modes, see About the Cloud Credential Operator.
2.7. Supported Azure Marketplace regions
Installing a cluster using the Azure Marketplace image is available to customers who purchase the offer in North America and EMEA.
While the offer must be purchased in North America or EMEA, you can deploy the cluster to any of the Azure public partitions that OpenShift Container Platform supports.
Deploying a cluster using the Azure Marketplace image is not supported for the Azure Government regions.
2.8. Supported Azure regions
The installation program dynamically generates the list of available Microsoft Azure regions based on your subscription.
Supported Azure public regions
-
australiacentral
(Australia Central) -
australiaeast
(Australia East) -
australiasoutheast
(Australia South East) -
brazilsouth
(Brazil South) -
canadacentral
(Canada Central) -
canadaeast
(Canada East) -
centralindia
(Central India) -
centralus
(Central US) -
eastasia
(East Asia) -
eastus
(East US) -
eastus2
(East US 2) -
francecentral
(France Central) -
germanywestcentral
(Germany West Central) -
israelcentral
(Israel Central) -
italynorth
(Italy North) -
japaneast
(Japan East) -
japanwest
(Japan West) -
koreacentral
(Korea Central) -
koreasouth
(Korea South) -
mexicocentral
(Mexico Central) -
northcentralus
(North Central US) -
northeurope
(North Europe) -
norwayeast
(Norway East) -
polandcentral
(Poland Central) -
qatarcentral
(Qatar Central) -
southafricanorth
(South Africa North) -
southcentralus
(South Central US) -
southeastasia
(Southeast Asia) -
southindia
(South India) -
swedencentral
(Sweden Central) -
switzerlandnorth
(Switzerland North) -
uaenorth
(UAE North) -
uksouth
(UK South) -
ukwest
(UK West) -
westcentralus
(West Central US) -
westeurope
(West Europe) -
westindia
(West India) -
westus
(West US) -
westus2
(West US 2) -
westus3
(West US 3)
Supported Azure Government regions
Support for the following Microsoft Azure Government (MAG) regions was added in OpenShift Container Platform version 4.6:
-
usgovtexas
(US Gov Texas) -
usgovvirginia
(US Gov Virginia)
You can reference all available MAG regions in the Azure documentation. Other provided MAG regions are expected to work with OpenShift Container Platform, but have not been tested.
2.9. Next steps
- Install an OpenShift Container Platform cluster on Azure. You can install a customized cluster or quickly install a cluster with default options.